Articles tagged with Heat Transport
A new model of heat transfer in crystals has been developed by a team of Russian scientists from Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University. The model describes the distribution of heat in ultrapure crystals at the atomic level, revealing certain directions along which heat rays distribute major energy.
Researchers discovered that adding an organic solvent to common water-based turbulent heat exchange systems can boost their capacity to move heat by 500%. This approach achieves 10 times more improvement than other methods, revolutionizing heat exchange in HVAC and large-scale applications. The additive is non-corrosive, non-flammable,...
Scientists have successfully measured thermal transport through single-molecule junctions for the first time, revealing that heat transfer is length-independent. The breakthrough uses custom-developed calorimetric-scanning-thermal-microscopy technique to determine thermal conductance, which originates from atomic vibrations or phonons.
A team of researchers has successfully measured the rate of heat transfer through a single molecule, a key step towards building molecular computers. The study found that the heat transfer rate was relatively constant across different chain lengths, with rates of up to 20 picowatts per degree Celsius.
A new method of condensation, using lubricant-infused surfaces (LIS), has been found to promote more efficient heat transfer and droplet movement. The erratic movement of water droplets is caused by unbalanced capillary forces acting on the droplets.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory developed MiniFuel to test nuclear fuels, detecting performance data faster than conventional methods. The lab also created an auto-surveillance tool to detect healthcare data errors in the Department of Veterans Affairs' system.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new surface treatment that can improve the efficiency of refrigeration systems. By promoting droplet formation, the coating facilitates heat transfer, leading to an overall efficiency improvement of about 2%. The process is scalable and can be applied to various materials, making it a promising solut...
Researchers found that heat-tolerant coral species retain heat tolerance in nurseries, resulting in reduced bleaching and maintained genetic diversity. Selecting these colonies could aid the development of climate-resilient corals for reef restoration.
Researchers at KAUST found that eddy-induced transport is more active in the central and northern Red Sea, influencing surface heat flux and salt dispersion. This mechanism balances fluctuations in both heat and salt, highlighting its role in the Red Sea's circulation.
Researchers at MIT have found a way to quantify the boiling crisis phenomenon, which occurs when bubbles merge on a heated surface, blocking heat transfer. By analyzing patterns and density of bubbles, they can predict when the crisis will occur, potentially allowing for more efficient operation of power plants.
A research team at Saarland University has developed an environmentally friendly heating and cooling system that is two to three times more efficient than conventional devices. The system uses 'muscles' made from nickel-titanium alloy to transfer heat, avoiding the use of damaging refrigerants.
New research shows climate change is shifting how the atmosphere and oceans move heat around the globe, with significant effects on global temperatures. The study found that warming temperatures are driving increased heat transfer in the atmosphere, while reducing it in the ocean.
Researchers from the University of Konstanz have demonstrated that lossless electrical transfer of magnetically encoded information is possible, enabling enhanced storage density and reduced energy consumption in computing centres. This finding paves the way for novel functionalities in future energy-efficient information technologies.
A recent study by HKU researchers found that ocean circulation in the North Atlantic is at its weakest since the past 1,500 years. The weakening of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is attributed to global warming and associated melt of the Greenland Ice-Sheet, which has significant implications for climate change.
A new study reveals that Arctic amplification is primarily driven by local carbon dioxide forcing and polar feedbacks, outweighing other processes. This finding highlights the importance of understanding Arctic processes in controlling sea-ice retreat and ecosystem sensitivity to global warming.
Research scientists at NYU Abu Dhabi have identified a new mechanism by which warm dust travels from the Sahara Desert to the Arctic Circle, affecting rising temperatures and ice melt in Greenland. The polar jet and associated atmospheric circulation play a crucial role in transporting mineral dust from the Sahara desert to the Arctic.
Researchers developed a mathematical model to describe convective processes in two-layer systems, focusing on gravity and liquid layer thickness. The study aims to improve micro-sized cooling devices for satellites and life support systems.
Researchers developed a novel sucking-flow liquid removal mechanism to promote both surface refreshing and droplet growth on a hierarchical mesh-covered surface, enhancing condensation heat transfer performance. This breakthrough addresses the long-standing challenge in pushing micro/nanostructured materials into practical applications.
New results show up to 100 times more heat can flow between nanoscale objects than predicted, with implications for solar cells and materials. The discovery could enable new ways to control heat in devices, such as heat transistors and diodes.
A new coating has been shown to reduce heat transfer and alleviate tensile stresses in ceramic materials, improving their thermal-shock behavior. The coating creates a vapor film that insulates the material from rapid temperature changes.
Researchers at University of Stuttgart are developing tools to make supercritical heat transfer more viable using high-performance computing and machine learning. They explore using carbon dioxide as a cleaner alternative to water in power plants, which could reduce hardware requirements by ten-fold.
Researchers from Toyohashi University of Technology discovered that smoldering combustion can sustain even under nearly 1% atmospheric pressure, challenging conventional fire extinguishing methods. The study's findings suggest that vacuumed operations to extinguish fires in space may fail unless proper conditions are achieved.
Researchers reexamined ocean circulations and river carbon transport, finding the Southern Ocean is a smaller carbon sink than thought. Land in the northern hemisphere absorbs less carbon, but rivers send it to the ocean with increased strength, challenging current estimates.
A team of MIT engineers has developed a way to improve the survival time for divers in frigid water by up to three times, using a combination of a blubber-like insulating material and trapped pockets of gas. The new wetsuit treatment uses heavy inert gases like xenon or krypton to reduce heat loss from the body.
Renkun Chen is developing a non-contact infrared camera to rapidly measure thermophysical properties of CSP plant materials at high temperatures. The tool aims to provide inexpensive and convenient evaluation of CSP performance, enabling continuous monitoring over decades.
Scientists at Oak Ridge National Laboratory made the first observations of supersonically propagating phasons through a vibrating crystal lattice. This discovery may revolutionize heat management in future electronics devices by providing a shortcut to send energy through materials.
Researchers at University of Liverpool identified the temperature at which cooling magma cracks to form geometric columns. The study found that columnar joints were formed around 840-890°C, indicating that the lava was hot before it solidified.
Glacier research suggests north-facing ice cliffs contribute significantly to melting of debris-covered glaciers in the Himalayas. Satellites show rapid mass loss, contrary to initial assumptions that debris protects the ice from direct solar radiation.
A team of researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology has discovered a novel method for creating heat dissipation materials using non-toxic filamentous viruses. The material, which can be easily prepared at room temperature, exhibits high thermal conductivity comparable to inorganic glass.
Exertional heat stroke is a life-threatening condition in athletes that requires immediate cooling to prevent critical cell damage. The recommended treatment protocol 'cool first, transport second' prioritizes rapid cooling of the body to less than 104.5 degrees F within 30 minutes.
The Russian National Technological Initiative aims to intensify heat transfer using nanomodified composite materials and nanostructures, aiming to remove high-density heat fluxes at low temperature differences.
Scientists have developed CONTISOL, a solar reactor that can run day and night using concentrated solar power. The reactor uses air as the heat transfer medium and achieves stable temperatures round the clock.
A Russian scientist improved nanofluids for solar power plants by adding titanium dioxide nanoparticles to increase heat transfer efficiency. The researchers found that the properties of the nanofluid radically changed with temperature, improving its ability to generate electrical energy.
Researchers detected graphene's out-of-plane heat transfer in van der Waals heterostructures, with implications for ultra-fast photodetectors and optoelectronic device design. The phenomenon relies on hot electrons and hyperbolic phonons in the hBN layer.
Researchers have successfully used solar sintering to process manganese ore fines, eliminating fossil fuel combustion and reducing CO2 emissions by up to 100%. This innovative method could lead to a commercial solar sintering industry, replacing carbon-intensive steel production methods in South Africa.
Scientists have successfully observed and followed real-time heat transport in van der Waals stacks, where graphene is encapsulated by hexagonal BN. The heat actually flows to the surrounding hBN sheets on an ultrafast timescale of picoseconds, dominating competing heat transfer processes.
Researchers have developed a new method to study thermal transfer, enabling more efficient numerical simulations and revealing deeper mechanisms of heat flow. This breakthrough opens up important research possibilities and potential applications in various fields.
Scientists from Cardiff University analyzed sediment samples from the North Atlantic Ocean, finding changes in ocean circulation that impacted heat transport to Europe. They linked these changes to historical records of colder and warmer climates, shedding light on past climate variations.
Scientists propose a new concept of terrestrial planet formation involving heat-pipes, which transport heat from interior to surface via mantle melting and magma ascent. This hypothesis resolves major outstanding problems across all planets, including the formation of volcanic terrains and lithospheres.
NYU Tandon researchers develop novel microfluidic technology to study methane hydrate formation, measuring the impact of heat transfer and mass transfer on crystal propagation rates. The breakthrough could lead to new technologies for gas separations and efficient natural gas storage.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have discovered a unique thermoelectric material, cesium tin iodide, that can block most heat transfer while preserving high electrical conductivity. This rare pairing has potential applications in electronic cooling, turbine engines, and other fields.
The temperature of Chamber A steadily dropped from Houston's heat, reaching 20 kelvins (-424°F/-253°C), while the Webb telescope's instruments transferred heat to surrounding liquids and gases.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have developed a new approach to locate oil and gas in shale, reducing production time and cost. Additionally, the team has discovered a link between electrochemistry and ferroelectricity, enabling new materials for electronics and energy applications.
A new study published in Earth System Dynamics finds that Antarctica's slower warming pace may be due to its high land height. The research suggests that if Antarctica were flat, it would warm more quickly due to changes in heat transport by the atmosphere and oceans.
Researchers at Zhejiang University discovered a new type of bubbling mechanism that generates periodic and aperiodic bubbles with unique properties. This phenomenon has significant implications for industries such as heat transfer enhancement, mass transfer, and bubble motion control.
An international team of physicists has made a breakthrough in understanding heat transport at the nanoscale by studying a chain of gold atoms. The study confirms the validity of the Wiedemann-Franz law, which describes the relationship between electric and thermal conductance.
Researchers at Nagoya Institute of Technology develop new thermo-elastoplastic model to accurately describe soft clay contraction due to heating. The model reveals that non-uniform heating fields can cause non-uniform stress and strain fields, leading to volume contraction.
A novel method has been developed to yield lower-cost, higher-efficiency systems for water heating in residential buildings. The new 'semi-open' natural gas-fired design streamlines traditional closed gas-fired systems by eliminating certain components.
Researchers have identified an 'inverted Cheerios effect' where liquid droplets interact on soft solid surfaces, allowing for control over interactions through substrate thickness and softness. This phenomenon has implications for designing fog-free car windows and improving heat management in conditioners and boilers.
Researchers developed a versatile platform for nanoscale thermal measurements using magnetic resonance, optical, and atomic force microscopy. The technique provides nanometer-resolved thermal conductivity maps and can be used to investigate heat flow in nanostructures and catalytic exothermal reactions.
A team of researchers has developed a method to create a single vapor bubble in a pool of liquid that can remain stable on a surface for hours. This technique enables the microscopic study of vapor bubbles and the optimization of the boiling process, which could lead to advancements in heat transfer systems.
At the nanoscale, heat radiates from one surface to another in a vacuum 10,000 times faster than expected. This discovery has significant applications in next-generation information storage and devices that convert heat into electricity.
MIT mathematicians have developed a formula to calculate the maximum amount of heat exchanged between two objects separated by distances shorter than the width of a single hair. The formula uses material properties and separation distance as parameters, allowing for optimization of devices such as thermophotovoltaics.
Researchers study past abrupt climatic changes in North Atlantic and find global impacts, highlighting ocean and atmosphere coupling. They confirm 'bipolar ocean seesaw' concept and warn of climate instability triggered by forcing the climate system into a different state.
Researchers develop new algorithm to simulate water evaporation at molecular scale, matching theoretical and real-world observations. The tool enables the study of various heat transfer problems, including rapid cooling of computer chips and energy conversion devices.
New analysis reveals that excessive bubble formation limits heat transfer, leading to overheating and equipment damage. The study identifies optimal surface texturing to improve boiler efficiency and plant safety.
Scientists develop new surface architecture combining lotus leaves' unique features to enhance liquid mobility on rough surfaces. The Wenzel state is shown to be highly mobile for the first time experimentally.
Thermal phonons can interfere with their own reflections, suggesting that heat transport occurs through wave-like phenomena. This interference could be used to modify the velocity of phonons and create energy bandgaps, leading to new materials with low thermal conductivity.
A team of researchers solved the long-standing issue of how grain boundaries affect heat conductivity in graphene thin films. They devised a technique to measure heat transfer across single grain boundaries, finding it was 10 times lower than theoretically predicted values.
Researchers at MIT developed a graphene coating that improves condenser heat transfer, potentially leading to a 2-3% overall improvement in power plant efficiency and significant reductions in carbon emissions. The coating has been shown to last for two weeks without degrading under typical power plant conditions.