Articles tagged with Heat
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers used computer simulations to test the hypothesis that ankylosaurs' nasal passages acted as heat exchangers, warming and cooling air to regulate body temperature. The study found that the nasal passages could have provided energy savings of up to 84% during exhalation simulations.
Researchers from Osaka University developed a large-scale flexible thermoelectric generator module with high mechanical reliability and efficient power generation. The module achieved improved efficiency in recovering waste heat from curved heat sources, enhancing its mechanical reliability.
Researchers at Rutgers University have developed flexible, durable heating patches that are nearly 70% more efficient than similar patches. These patches use intense pulses of light to fuse silver wires with polyester, reducing energy waste and carbon footprint by selectively heating the human body.
Researchers from the University of Konstanz have demonstrated that lossless electrical transfer of magnetically encoded information is possible, enabling enhanced storage density and reduced energy consumption in computing centres. This finding paves the way for novel functionalities in future energy-efficient information technologies.
Researchers create long-lasting rewritable paper by layering blue dye and black toner, which remain legible for more than six months. The material can be reset by cooling it down to 14 F, allowing for over 100 reuse cycles.
Researchers at Ohio University are exploring a protein that naturally occurs in the body to prevent obesity and type 2 diabetes. The protein, Apolipoprotein A-IV, is known to act as a satiation protein, telling the body to stop eating.
Researchers at MIT have developed a heat-rejecting film that can be applied to windows to reflect up to 70% of the sun's incoming heat. This innovative material could significantly reduce air conditioning costs and energy consumption, particularly in hot cities like Hong Kong.
Researchers have created a wearable heater by modifying woven fabric with DuPont Kevlar fiber and nanowires, providing uniform heat and thermal insulation. The material is strong, flexible, breathable, and washable, making it suitable for use in cold-weather clothing.
Researchers at the University of Nottingham have developed a thermally-functional material that can absorb high solar radiation to cool itself autonomously. This innovative material has potential applications in treating burn injuries and withstanding thermal stresses on spacecraft.
A Purdue University-led team developed a new material that enables more efficient solar-powered electricity generation by reducing the cost of converting sunlight into heat energy. The innovation could make solar power a direct competitor to fossil fuels in generating electricity.
A new compact fusion reactor design using high-temperature superconducting magnets can effectively shed excess heat, a longstanding challenge in fusion power plants. This approach makes it possible to open the device's internal chamber and replace critical components.
A study by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found that nearly one-third of Washington Heights residents experienced energy insecurity, leading to breathing problems, mental health issues, and poor sleep. Energy-insecure households were more likely to have children under 18 years of age and lower household income.
Researchers from Tomsk Polytechnic University discovered that straw, chips, sawdust, and peat can generate more heat than they consume during pyrolysis, a process that can be optimized for efficient energy production. This technology has the potential to make energy generation from biofuel more resource-efficient and environmentally fr...
Researchers create high-performance exterior PDRC polymer coating with nano-to-microscale air voids, which reflects sunlight and radiates heat to the sky. The coating can be fabricated, dyed, and applied like paint on various surfaces, achieving cooling capabilities in both desert and tropical climates.
Michigan State University has been awarded a $2 million grant to develop new designs for long-duration storage on the US power grid. The project, called Scalable Thermochemical Option for Renewable Energy Storage (STORES), aims to create modular thermal storage systems that can store heat energy in the form of chemical energy.
Researchers have developed a solar steam generator that approaches 100% efficiency for producing clean water from seawater. Inspired by origami, the device uses a 3D photothermal material to capture sunlight and evaporate water more efficiently than traditional flat devices.
Researchers at the University of Edinburgh discovered that tiny vibrations can be used to heat small amounts of liquid, potentially improving systems that prevent ice build-up on aeroplanes and wind turbines. The findings could also lead to more efficient drying of clothes in appliances.
New results show up to 100 times more heat can flow between nanoscale objects than predicted, with implications for solar cells and materials. The discovery could enable new ways to control heat in devices, such as heat transistors and diodes.
MIT researchers have developed a passive, solar-powered system to prevent ice buildup on surfaces, using a three-layered material that absorbs sunlight and spreads heat to melt boundary layers of ice. The system has been tested extensively and shows great promise for commercial use in various applications.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have developed a low-cost actuation technology that can bend, fold or flatten specially prepared paper on command. The technology uses a thin layer of conducting thermoplastic applied to common paper, which can be heated to expand and cause the paper to change shape.
Researchers at UVA have invented a material with the ability to switch between insulating and cooling, making it suitable for applications such as smart fabrics and active wear. This technology has potential game-changing applications in various fields, including athletics and energy production.
Scientists have found a way to control spin currents using magnetic fields and temperatures, significantly improving the efficiency of fundamental spintronic components. This breakthrough has the potential to revolutionize the design of storage devices like hard disks and create new technologies such as spin current switches.
Researchers investigated natural refrigerants as replacements for CFCs, HCFCs, and HFCs in geothermal heat pumps to reduce energy consumption and operating costs. They found that ammonia and n-butane are the most economical and environmentally friendly alternatives.
Researchers at ETH Zurich explore the coupling between heat and particle currents in a gas of strongly interacting fermionic atoms. They found an order of magnitude below predictions of the Wiedemann-Franz law, indicating separation of mechanisms responsible for particle and heat currents.
Researchers from EPFL and ENS Paris have discovered that highly pressurized water in the vicinity of an earthquake can reduce its intensity. This finding contradicts previous theories and highlights the importance of considering fluid pressure in geothermal models to accurately predict earthquake behavior.
A NASA scientist has mapped the heat escaping from beneath Greenland's ice sheet, revealing a thermal track that records the movement of a continent through Earth's history. This heat map exposes a diagonal scar of warm, dense rock below the surface, created by a mantle plume that has fueled volcanic eruptions.
Researchers found that urban areas stayed warmer than surrounding suburbs and country during a 2014 cold wave, with temperature differences greatest at night. The study suggests that heat released from buildings can help cities reduce heating demand and make being outdoors more tolerable during extreme cold.
The Parker Solar Probe will travel closer to the Sun than any mission before it, providing unprecedented observations of the corona. Despite temperatures exceeding a million degrees Fahrenheit, the spacecraft will withstand due to its custom heat shield and autonomous system.
Defect-free boron arsenide has a record-high thermal conductivity, drawing heat away from hotspots much faster than current materials. This breakthrough could improve performance and reduce energy demand in various electronic devices.
A team from Aalto University creates a miniature 'heat valve' in a quantum system, enabling the controlled exchange of energy with external surroundings. This breakthrough aims to improve the efficiency of quantum heat engines and refrigerators.
Researchers from Sandia National Laboratories have developed a tiny silicon-based device that can harness waste heat and turn it into DC power. The device, called an infrared rectenna, has the potential to power compact devices in space missions and hybrid cars.
A UH-led team has reported synthesizing a crystal grown from boron and arsenic elements with far higher thermal conductivity than any other semiconductors and metals. The discovery could address technological challenges in cooling electronic devices, which is crucial for high power density electronics.
Scientists have created high-thermal-conductivity crystals of boron arsenide that could help manage heat in computer chips. The new material's properties make it comparable to silicon, a key component of current chip technology.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology have developed a new co-design technique that merges the design of antenna and electronics, resulting in improved modulation and reduced waste heat. The innovation enables longer talk time and higher data rates in millimeter wave wireless communication devices for future 5G applications.
The Spins and Heat in Nanoscale Electronic Systems (SHINES) center at UC Riverside has received an additional $1.9 million in funding from the Department of Energy to pursue fundamental advances in energy production, storage, and use. The new funding supports the completion of valuable research still in progress.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have discovered a new mechanism for heat transfer in solids, supported by Einstein's 1911 theory. This 'heat-hopping' process occurs in thermal insulators and may be present in other crystalline solids.
The Sandia National Laboratories' solar tower facility is conducting a year-round test of the thermal response of various materials to intense heat and cooling. Researchers are using this setup to evaluate material durability for the Air Force, with the goal of establishing material response thresholds after exposure.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have developed a graphene assembled film with over 60% higher thermal conductivity than graphite film. The graphene film's high thermal conductivity is attributed to its large grain size, high flatness, and weak interlayer binding energy.
A new study published in Nature Communications has more than doubled the ability of a material to convert heat into electricity, a significant step towards reducing wasted fossil fuel. By significantly narrowing the space through which spread electrons move, researchers improved thermoelectric energy conversion rates.
Researchers found that golden snub-nosed monkeys increase their energy intake from fats and carbs in winter to counteract elevated thermoregulatory costs. This adjustment enables the monkeys to balance their macronutrient content and meet specific nutritional needs, suggesting a key adaptation for survival in cold environments.
Researchers used deuterium to estimate heat flow in Yellowstone hot springs, accounting for both visible and subsurface water flows. The new method provides an important step towards understanding the complex processes driving Yellowstone's volcano and geothermal features.
Atomically thin nanowires have been found to convert heat to electricity with unprecedented efficiency. This breakthrough could lead to the creation of new thermoelectric generators and exploration of alternative candidate materials for thermoelectrics.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories are working on a project to refine a specific type of utility-scale solar energy technology that can supply renewable energy without batteries for storage. The goal is to reach temperatures greater than 700 C, which would boost efficiency and lower electricity costs.
Scientists at Oak Ridge National Laboratory made the first observations of supersonically propagating phasons through a vibrating crystal lattice. This discovery may revolutionize heat management in future electronics devices by providing a shortcut to send energy through materials.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology have created a micrometer-wide thermometer that can measure small and rapid temperature changes in real time. The device is sensitive to heat generated by optical and electron beams, enabling its use in various fields such as photo-thermal cancer treatment and advanced research on crystals.
Researchers at Purdue University have demonstrated the theoretical existence of thermoacoustics in solids, which could lead to the development of solid-state engines and refrigerators. The technology harnesses temperature oscillations and sound waves to generate energy, making it suitable for harsh environments like outer space.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a new polymer-curing process that uses minimal energy and cuts manufacturing time in half. The breakthrough could lead to cost-effective production of high-performance polymers for aerospace and automotive industries.
Scientists have discovered that sarcoptic mange causes significant loss of body heat and increased metabolic rate in Tasmanian wombats, leading to reduced foraging and increased mortality. The research suggests that dietary supplementation may help address these issues, offering new hope for the management of wombat mange.
Engineers at UC Berkeley developed a thin-film system that can convert low-quality waste heat into electricity, achieving unprecedented energy density and power density. The technology has potential applications in various industries, including electronics and manufacturing.
Researchers found that the efficiency of information processing cannot be increased indefinitely, with thermodynamic and information theory combining to identify key factors. Better understanding and tailored software can influence the limit.
A team of MIT engineers has developed a polymer thermal conductor that can dissipate heat more efficiently than traditional insulators. The new material is lightweight and flexible, conducting 10 times as much heat as most commercially used polymers.
Researchers have discovered a way to control the spin current in double-stranded DNA molecules using temperature gradients. They found that the inherent chirality feature in dsDNA enables spin selection and can act as a filter for spin transport.
Researchers at VIB & KU Leuven have identified a trio of complementary ion channels in sensory neurons that detect acute, harmful heat. The presence of three redundant molecular heat-sensing mechanisms provides a powerful fail-safe mechanism to protect against burn injuries.
Research suggests iQOS's 'heat not burn' technology may release toxic chemicals when used improperly. The study found that thorough cleaning and proper use can increase the risk of charring and chemical release. Independent research has been lacking, highlighting the need for further safety testing.
Urban heat islands are caused by cities trapping more heat than surrounding areas due to their structure, affecting energy consumption and air quality. Researchers studied 50 cities and found that well-organized cities with straight streets retain more heat at night, leading to increased energy bills in hot climates.
Mice lacking the cold-sensing ion channel TRPM8 consumed more food during the day when they should be asleep, leading to obesity and high blood sugar in adulthood. This study reveals a previously unrecognized link between thermal sensing systems, thermoregulation and food intake.
Researchers detect heat produced by Alfvén waves in a sunspot, shedding light on the Sun's extremely high temperatures. The discovery opens up new understanding of this phenomenon and its potential applications in energy reactors and medical devices.
Scientists have developed CONTISOL, a solar reactor that can run day and night using concentrated solar power. The reactor uses air as the heat transfer medium and achieves stable temperatures round the clock.
The project aims to convert waste heat into cooled water, offering potential cost and energy savings to U.S. manufacturers. The innovative turbo-compression cooling system has numerous large-scale practical applications, including dairy producers transforming waste heat into chilled milk.
The Russian National Technological Initiative aims to intensify heat transfer using nanomodified composite materials and nanostructures, aiming to remove high-density heat fluxes at low temperature differences.