Articles tagged with Hydrogen Atoms
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A team of physicists at LMU Munich has used laser pulses to selectively remove and reattach hydrogen atoms from a hydrocarbon molecule, opening up new possibilities for chemical synthesis. This technique could lead to the creation of new substances by controlling individual steps in chemical reactions.
Astronomers at Indiana University have discovered a small blue galaxy, Leoncino, which contains the lowest level of heavy chemical elements (metals) ever observed in a gravitationally bound system. This finding is exciting as it could help contribute to a quantitative test of the Big Bang theory.
Atomic magnets have been created in a layer of graphene using the absorption of hydrogen atoms. By manipulating these atoms, it is possible to produce magnetic graphene with atomic precision.
Researchers at EPFL found that a single ion can influence millions of water molecules, causing them to align in a specific direction. This effect, previously observed but unexplained, is now linked to the ion-induced stiffening of the bulk hydrogen bond network.
Researchers have discovered that quantum effects play a crucial role in the superconducting properties of hydrogen sulphide, leading to record-breaking temperatures. The study suggests that symmetrical hydrogen bonds and quantum fluctuations are responsible for the material's high-temperature superconductivity.
A team of MIT researchers has discovered a method to greatly reduce the damaging effects of hydrogen on metal alloys, which are widely used in nuclear reactors and other energy systems. By carefully engineering a layer of zirconium oxide on the surface of the alloy, they can inhibit hydrogen from entering the metal's crystal structure.
New research finds quantum behavior of hydrogen affects structural properties of hydrogen-rich compounds, which may aid in search for room temperature superconductor. Quantum symmetrisation of hydrogen bond has significant impact on vibrational and superconducting properties.
Scientists Kaspar Sakmann and Mark Kasevich developed a new method to calculate effects in ultra-cold atom clouds, which can only be explained by quantum correlations between many atoms. This breakthrough enables accurate descriptions of complex many-body systems, such as Bose-Einstein condensates and collisions between these states.
The antihydrogen atom has been found to have a zero charge, identical to that of the hydrogen atom, confirming the symmetry between matter and antimatter. This result is significant as it resolves the long-standing problem of the asymmetry between matter and antimatter in the universe.
Scientists at the University of Illinois have discovered a new mechanism for directly synthesizing hydrogen peroxide from hydrogen and oxygen gases using palladium cluster catalysts. This breakthrough provides insight into the formation of H2O2, which can be used as an environmentally benign alternative to chlorine.
Researchers at Princeton University create a method to selectively radiolabel compounds with tritium atoms, allowing for the study of drug metabolism and potential development speedup. The technique uses an iron-based catalyst that can tolerate various solvents, enabling the tracking of drug breakdown in the body.
Water molecules on the surface of perovskites exhibit unusual behavior, where they split into two parts but continue to interact through weak hydrogen bonds. This interaction causes the OH group to circle the hydrogen atom like a dancer spinning on a pole, a phenomenon predicted by theory and confirmed through experiments.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed a novel two-component catalyst system that performs the dehydrogenation reaction at room temperature. This method produces hydrogen gas and an alkene molecule without requiring high temperatures or precious metals, opening up new possibilities for chemical transformations.
For the first time, MIT chemists have measured the energy of a transition state in a chemical reaction, a fleeting and unstable state thought to be impossible to experimentally characterize. By analyzing changes in vibrational energy levels, they were able to decipher the patterns of reactants approaching the transition state.
A research team at the University of Rochester has developed a new catalyst that selectively converts ethanol to butanol with near total conversion efficiency. Butanol is a more efficient and less volatile alternative to gasoline, yielding more energy and causing less engine damage.
Two University of Rochester scientists discovered the 17th century Wallis formula for pi in a quantum mechanics formula for hydrogen atom energy states. The discovery underscores pi's omnipresence in math and science.
Researchers discovered a famous pre-Newtonian formula for pi in calculations of the energy levels of a hydrogen atom, linking pure math to quantum physics. The Wallis formula, published in 1655, was previously unknown to be connected to the hydrogen atom's energy states.
Scientists at UCLA used a microscope to image the 3D positions of individual atoms with precision of 19 trillionths of a meter. This breakthrough enables researchers to infer macroscopic material properties from atomic arrangements, guiding the development of aircraft components and other applications.
Researchers at NIST have successfully bound two photons together, creating a 'molecule' of light with its own force. This breakthrough could lead to significant advancements in technologies such as photon-based computing and sensor calibration, potentially reducing energy losses and increasing efficiency.
The researchers have developed a dual catalyst system that directly installs alkyl groups onto heteroarenes using simple and abundant alcohols, offering a milder alternative to existing strategies. The new reaction has successfully used alcohols as reagents in the alkylation reaction for the first time.
Scientists at Max Planck Institute for Chemistry and Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz set a new record for superconductivity by observing conventional superconductivity in hydrogen sulfide at -70 degrees Celsius under high pressure. The discovery highlights a potential way to transport current at room temperature with no loss.
Scientists at MIT discovered that non-wetting surfaces promote chemical reaction rates, while hydrophilic surfaces inhibit them. This finding enables researchers to predict a material's suitability as a catalyst based on its wettability.
Researchers visualize pyrene linked to a single-walled carbon nanotube using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. This breakthrough methodology could provide indispensable information on molecular interactions, enhancing the efficiency and lifespan of organic devices.
A research team has discovered a new chemical reaction pathway on titanium dioxide that allows hydrogen atoms to tunnel away from the surface. This breakthrough could lead to efficient hydrogen storage technology, addressing the challenge of storing and transporting hydrogen for renewable energy applications.
Astronomers find water formation may have occurred less than a billion years after the Big Bang, when the universe was 5% of its current age. This discovery raises important questions about the habitability of the first planets and the origin of life.
Researchers from University of Cologne measured vibrational transitions in CH5+ ions with high accuracy, revealing the molecule's structure. The findings confirm a simple model of five hydrogen nuclei moving freely around the carbon nucleus.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have made a groundbreaking discovery by bonding positively charged phosphorus atoms with positively charged hydrogen ones. This finding may revolutionize our understanding of how biologically important molecules like DNA and proteins form properly.
Scientists at the University of Copenhagen have developed a novel method to measure and control the number of atoms on an ultra-thin glass fiber, with an accuracy of just eight atoms. The technique allows researchers to capture up to 2,500 cesium atoms while minimizing loss, which is crucial for future quantum computer networks.
The researchers have developed a novel measurement technique for MRI signals using a diamond sensor chip, detecting the signal from a single hydrogen atom and achieving an accuracy of better than one angstrom. This breakthrough brings them closer to imaging at the level of single molecules, with potential applications in structural bio...
Scientists at UC San Diego and Hebrew University found that nitrogen fingerprints in biomolecules can be explained by chemistry within the solar system. By generating ammonia with skewed ratios of nitrogen-15, they recreated the conditions that produce life's fundamental molecules.
Researchers track Criegee intermediate through reaction to produce hydroxyl radicals, providing insights into atmospheric chemistry and climate modeling. The study's findings shed light on the dominant source of hydroxyl radicals at night, playing a significant role in the atmosphere during winter.
Researchers at Penn State University have discovered a method to produce ultra-thin diamond nanothreads with exceptional strength and stiffness. The discovery is based on compressing benzene molecules under high pressure, allowing them to form a strong tetrahedral core linked by hydrogen atoms.
Researchers have developed a method to isolate and separate para and ortho water molecules, which differ in their nuclear spin states. This breakthrough could provide new insights into various phenomena, including the study of interstellar ice and protein structures.
Scientists solved the long-standing question of whether ferryl heme in Compound I involves just an oxygen atom or a hydroxyl group, with implications for drug development. The study used neutron crystallography to determine the structure of Compound I at cryogenic temperatures.
An international team of researchers has solved a long-standing debate over the molecular structure of a vital biological chemical, identifying that the ferryl heme in Compound I is not protonated. However, one amino acid side chain is found to be doubly protonated, raising new questions about oxygen activation mechanisms.
Researchers at Penn University have proposed a new concept called the anticrystal, which is a theoretical solid with complete disorder. The study suggests that understanding the mechanical properties of materials can be improved by starting with the framework of the anticrystal and adding order.
A team of researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee has developed a method to produce graphene ribbons with widths as low as three nanometers, transforming them into semiconductors with tunable electrical properties. This breakthrough could lead to the creation of nano-devices and atomic-scale components made from graphene.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab and University of Hawaii confirm hydrogen abstraction-acetylene addition mechanism in combustion theory. The study has implications for designing cleaner-burning fuels and fine-tuning carbon nanotubes and graphene sheets.
Scientists have successfully 'caged' water molecules to observe the change in orientation of hydrogen atoms, transforming water from one form to another. By cooling the trapped molecules, researchers can track the percentages of ortho and para isomers at different temperatures.
Scientists identified the mix of elements thrown off by the star before its explosion, which helped paint a picture of how heavy elements in the universe are formed. The findings revealed a nitrogen-rich wind similar to those of Wolf-Rayet stars, providing a window into the workings of the cosmos.
A team of chemists at UC Riverside proposes a new model explaining the promoting effect in photocatalysis, suggesting that excited electrons promote hydrogen reduction on the semiconductor surface rather than transferring to metals. This radical approach could lead to the development of more economical and efficient photocatalysts.
Researchers have successfully captured a view of a molecular catalyst that converts hydrogen into electricity, confirming previous hypotheses and providing insight into its structure. The study's findings offer potential improvements to hydrogen-powered fuel cells, which could be more expensive but also carbon-neutral.
Researchers used a highly accurate simulation model to test a hypothesis about the behavior of hydrogen under extreme conditions. The study found that metallization can only occur at pressures approaching 500 gigapascals, a value that is currently beyond experimental capabilities.
The study demonstrates how cyanide and carbon monoxide are safely bound to an iron atom to construct an enzyme that can generate hydrogen gas. This discovery sheds light on the unusual chemistry involved in binding small molecules to metal atoms, a crucial step towards producing hydrogen using abundant metals.
Researchers have developed a new class of antibiotics called acyldepsipeptides (ADEPs) that kill bacteria in a unique way by altering protein degradation pathways. By modifying the ADEP molecule's structure to make it more rigid, they increased its potency up to 1,200 times that of the naturally occurring molecule.
A team of researchers successfully controlled the positions of two protons in a porphycene molecule by approaching a single copper atom. This breakthrough demonstrates a new way to manipulate matter at the atomic level, paving the way for the development of nanomachines and other cutting-edge technologies.
University of Houston researchers aim to develop a method to convert methane, the main component of natural gas, into more valuable chemicals like methanol, ethane, or ethylene. The breakthrough could have significant economic and industrial value.
Researchers synthesized a new material that can store up to three times more hydrogen than most metal hydrides, with an unusual structure not observed in other known hydrides. The discovery could contribute to the development of high-capacity hydrogen fuel cells and potentially lead to the discovery of unprecedented properties.
A recent neutron study has revealed that HIV inhibitors have only two strong hydrogen bonds, presenting opportunities for improvement through structural changes and strengthening the binding. This discovery may also help address drug resistance by increasing the effectiveness of drugs and reducing dosages.
Researchers have created a method to control quantum bits using resonances in artificial atoms, enabling exponential parallel computation and solving complex tasks. The technique combines classical solid-state physics with atomic physics techniques, allowing for controlled electron spin orientation without measurement.
VCU physicists have discovered the theoretical possibility of creating large, hollow magnetic cage molecules that could be used for targeted non-invasive drug delivery. The molecules, which are larger than the original Buckminster fullerene, carry giant magnetic moments and could serve as effective vehicles for delivering drugs to tumors.
Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory develop method to measure energy required for electrons to pair up and how it varies with direction. The technique reveals directional dependence of the 'glue' holding electron pairs together, shedding light on magnetic superconductivity.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have created new semiconductor devices using zinc oxide (ZnO), including efficient ultraviolet (UV) lasers and LED devices. These devices can be used in sensors and drinking water treatment, among other applications.
Researchers have determined the mass of the disk surrounding young star TW Hydrae, a prototypical planetary nursery, with a lower limit of 52 Jupiter masses. This new value is larger than previous estimates and suggests that planets similar to those in our solar system can form in this system.
Andrei Lebed's research suggests that the equation may not hold true for gravitational mass, which could have significant implications for our understanding of gravity and its relationship to inertial mass. He proposes an experiment to test his conclusions, which could potentially revolutionize our understanding of the universe.
Hydrogen can cause metals to become brittle and fail. Researchers have developed a model that predicts when and where embrittlement will occur, enabling the design of new, resistant materials.
Scientists at UC Santa Barbara shed light on the kinetics of hydrogen release from aluminum hydride, a material that is highly promising for energy storage. Their research reveals the basic mechanisms governing these chemical reactions in general, challenging outdated reaction curve interpretations.
Researchers have discovered an additional third of atomic hydrogen gas in galaxies, which could impact star formation rates. The findings suggest that galaxies are forming stars at 20 times the rate they did billions of years ago.
Researchers have found that even tiny amounts of water can accelerate hydrogen diffusion on metal oxides by 16 orders of magnitude at room temperature. This process, known as proton transfer, enables rapid hydrogen atom movement and has significant implications for industries such as petrochemicals and pharmaceuticals.
Researchers at UBC-TRIUMF have successfully manipulated anti-hydrogen atoms using microwaves, providing the world's first glimpse of an 'anti-atomic fingerprint.' This achievement marks a significant milestone in the study of antimatter and brings scientists closer to understanding its intrinsic properties.