Articles tagged with Neutrons
The German Federal Ministry of Education and Research has invested 198 million euros over ten years to support scientific use of the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz neutron source. This funding will enable researchers to build new instruments, upgrade existing ones, and hire additional staff.
The ATLAS experiment at CERN has directly observed lead ions melting and dissolving into smaller particles, providing insight into the universe's early stages. This phenomenon was only expected to occur at extreme temperatures, confirming the power of the LHC in studying fundamental physics.
A new additive has been developed to treat carbon dioxide, making it suitable for efficient and environmentally friendly oil extraction. The additive can also reduce environmental damage caused by industrial processes.
Researchers at Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin have developed a method to image the full spatial structure of magnetic domains deep within materials. They exploit domain walls, where magnetic fields deflect neutrons slightly from their path, allowing for the creation of 3D images.
Researchers at NIST used a neutron beam to analyze the compound PZT, revealing its crystal structure and how it works. They found that PZT's behavior changes gradually rather than sharply, and may lead to designing better piezoelectric materials.
A team of scientists has detected six new isotopes of superheavy elements, including copernicium and rutherfordium. The discovery contributes to a better understanding of the theory of nuclear shell structure and its potential for creating an 'Island of Stability'.
Researchers have developed a new method to analyze neutron reflection to identify buckyballs within polymer-based photovoltaic cells. This breakthrough technique allows for more efficient and cost-effective production of solar cells, which could lead to widespread adoption.
The Low Energy Neutron Source at Indiana University Bloomington has received a $5 million grant from the National Institute for Standards and Technology to support collaborative neutron research. This funding will enable scientists to develop new techniques and applications in neutron-scattering research, furthering our understanding o...
Researchers at Rutgers University studied the doubly magic isotope of tin with 50 protons and 82 neutrons, providing insights into its stability and potential formation in supernova explosions. The study's findings may also contribute to developing next-generation nuclear reactors and forensic analysis techniques.
Experiments at CERN and Karlsruhe have clarified the processes affecting osmium-187 abundance, reducing uncertainties in the rhenium-osmium cosmic clock. This allows for a more accurate estimate of our galaxy's age.
Researchers at NIST used neutron beams to study magnetite nanoparticles, revealing a complex interaction between the inner 'core' and outer 'shell'. The discovery could lead to new tools for controlling particle behavior in data storage and biological applications.
Researchers from UTK-ORNL-Oslo successfully compute the proton halo state in Fluorine-17 using a many-body problem approach. This breakthrough calculation provides tools to investigate nuclear existence and predict properties for applied fields.
Researchers used neutron beams and atomic-force microscopes to study the behavior of IPMC actuators, finding that water molecules play a major role in their actuation. The team's findings could lead to the development of more powerful and efficient materials for robotics and other applications.
Researchers have developed a new method for describing proton and neutron binding in nuclei, enabling more accurate predictions of astrophysical reactions. This breakthrough may improve our understanding of star life cycles.
Scientists at Argonne National Laboratory have achieved a significant breakthrough in charge breeding, reaching an unprecedented 11.9% ionization efficiency with metallic particles of rubidium. This achievement surpasses the previous metal record of 6.5% and paves the way for further improvements in efficiency.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have developed an electrostatic levitation chamber to study the glass transition, a phase transition from liquid to solid. The 'microscope' uses neutrons as a probe to observe atoms in suspended drops of liquid as they cool and solidify.
Carbon-22 has a nucleus comprised of 16 neutrons and 6 protons, exhibiting an unexpected stability due to its halo structure. The discovery sets a new milestone in nuclear physics, with implications for the investigation of heavier and more exotic nuclei.
New neutron studies provide strong evidence that magnetic properties are behind high-temperature superconductivity in both copper-based and iron-based materials. The research suggests that spin excitations play a key role in the formation of macroscopic quantum states giving rise to superconductivity.
Researchers observed a nanoscale guitar string-like behavior in cobalt niobate, with atomic scale vibrations exhibiting the golden ratio. This discovery reflects a hidden symmetry and special property of the quantum system, with potential implications for future technology.
Researchers confirm spinon confinement in a magnetic insulator, offering new ways to explore Quantum Chromodynamics. The finding is consistent with a theory developed 12 years earlier by Alexei Tsvelik.
Scientists have observed a phenomenon known as confinement of spinons in a condensed matter system, where individual particles behave like quarks. The researchers used neutron scattering experiments to study the crystal and magnetic structure, finding evidence for the confinement idea.
A recent experiment found that a proton's nearest neighbors in the nucleus may modify its internal structure, contradicting the mass-dependence picture. The study also revealed a possible new cause: the microscopic structure of nuclei, particularly in beryllium.
A team at NIST has discovered a large-scale compound that behaves like magnetic monopoles, enabling the testing of theoretical predictions about these elusive particles. The researchers created this compound by cooling a specific material to nearly absolute zero, forming spin ice crystals with balanced spins.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab independently confirmed the production of two individual nuclei of element 114, each with 114 protons but different numbers of neutrons. The discovery removes doubts about the validity of previous claims and paves the way for further exploration of superheavy elements.
A new research project at Idaho National Laboratory will use an innovative approach to learn how to get more use from nuclear fuel. The team plans to put pure samples of common actinides into the Advanced Test Reactor, which will then be analyzed using accelerator mass spectroscopy.
Researchers at Kansas State University have developed a microstructured semiconductor neutron detector, receiving an R¼D 100 Award for its innovative technology. The device has thousands of tiny perforations that detect neutrons and can be used for various applications.
A NIST research team has figured out why a metal-organic framework can safely store acetylene at low pressure, leading to potential substantial savings in transportation costs. The discovery could also help scientists better understand MOFs and develop new materials for storing other substances.
Researchers have measured the largest effects of parity violation in an atom, using ytterbium-174 isotopes and detecting a hundred times larger effect than previous measurements in cesium atoms. The discovery promises significant advances in studying weak forces in the nucleus.
Scientists at Stanford University have created a new method to analyze isotopes, which are used to solve crimes, date ancient artifacts, and identify chemicals. The device uses laser-based spectroscopy to measure the ratios of isotopes in a sample, providing accurate results within one to three parts per thousand.
A new calculation resolves the NuTeV Anomaly by applying theoretical models of the EMC Effect, revealing a fundamental modification in proton and neutron structure within the nucleus. The result provides crucial evidence for physics beyond the Standard Model.
The European Spallation Source will be built in Lund, Sweden, with a budget of €1.3 billion. The facility will enable scientists to study the atomic and molecular arrangement of a range of materials at unprecedented detail.
A NIST research collaboration has solved the internal structure of Galfenol, a compound that changes shape in response to magnetic fields. The team found that adding gallium creates clusters of distorted cells within an otherwise regular crystal lattice, leading to its enhanced magnetostrictive properties.
Researchers have reported compelling new scientific evidence for the existence of LENR, producing neutrons and excess heat. The study uses an electrode composed of nickel or gold wire to detect subatomic particles released during reactions.
Researchers developed a novel instrument, Multi-Axis Crystal Spectrometer (MACS), to explore promising materials' properties. MACS offers improved sensitivity and range compared to older spectrometers, enabling scientists to analyze small samples in various conditions.
A team of scientists has successfully determined the structure of DFPase, an enzyme from the squid Loligo vulgaris that can rapidly detoxify chemical warfare agents like Sarin. The study used neutron diffraction and provides essential information about the reaction mechanism of DFPase.
Physicists at the University of Texas at Austin have designed a system that uses fusion to eliminate most of the transuranic waste produced by nuclear power plants. This invention could help combat global warming by making nuclear power a more viable replacement for carbon-heavy energy sources.
Scientists at Argonne National Laboratory used inelastic neutron scattering to show that a new family of iron arsenide superconductors exhibit unconventional superconductivity. The research challenges conventional BCS theory and suggests that antiferromagnetic fluctuations may be responsible for the observed phenomenon.
Researchers have made groundbreaking measurements of rare tin, cadmium, and indium nuclei, refining theoretical models about element creation in the cosmos. The discovery of Tin-100, a 'holy grail' of experimental nuclear physics, marks a major breakthrough in understanding nuclear stability.
A new detector built by MIT physicist Jocelyn Monroe and her students will aid in the search for dark matter by distinguishing between ordinary and dark-matter particles. The device's ability to identify ordinary neutrons will increase its sensitivity to dark matter, a key step towards detecting the mysterious particles.
Researchers have demonstrated the existence of antiferromagnetic coupling in a specially built semiconductor device, which could enable magnetic data storage and processing. This discovery raises hopes for even smaller and faster gadgets that could utilize this property.
A team of researchers in Canada has made a breakthrough in detecting dark matter by identifying a significant difference between acoustic signals induced by neutrons and alpha particles. This discovery could lead to improved background suppression in dark matter searches using this type of detector.
Ames Laboratory researchers used a brand new instrument to study iron-arsenic compounds, which are part of the 'hottest' new find in superconducting materials research. The findings mark the first research produced with the aid of the new tool and provide insights into the role of lattice vibrations in these new superconductors.
Researchers used thermal neutron attenuation to measure in-situ water content and uptake of nutrients by plants, providing a non-invasive method for studying root systems. The technique, called neutron computed tomography, has potential applications in agricultural practices and ecosystem sustainability.
Researchers discovered a novel structure that enables oxygen ions to move through fuel cells at lower temperatures than previously thought possible. This breakthrough may lead to reduced operating costs and improved efficiency in stationary fuel cells.
Researchers at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility confirmed theoretical predictions that fast-moving protons form pairs with neutrons or other protons, with 100% of fast-moving nucleons paired. This discovery may help understand nuclear systems and structure.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility found that protons are about 20 times more likely to pair up with neutrons in the nucleus. This discovery could have significant implications for understanding the structure of nuclear systems, from light nuclei to neutron stars.
Scientists at HMI and University of Applied Sciences in Berlin have successfully visualized three-dimensional images of magnetic fields inside solid, non-transparent materials. By detecting changes in neutron spin rotation, the researchers can reconstruct a three-dimensional image of the magnetic field distribution within the sample.
Researchers developed a new optical method to detect individual neutrons with improved efficiency, promising better measurements and new physics tests. The Lyman alpha neutron detector (LAND) has the potential to detect both single and large numbers of neutrons.
Physicist John Negele will discuss how quarks and gluons interact using lattice field theory on supercomputers. The tiny particles behave differently than larger particles, requiring a unique approach to study them.
Scientists at Michigan State University's NSCL created three new isotopes of magnesium and aluminum, exceeding current scientific models' predictions. The findings suggest that variants of everyday elements might exist beyond the known stability limit, sparking excitement in rare isotope research.
Researchers have performed the first atomic-detail computer simulation of how proteins vibrate in a crystal, enabling testing with new neutron analysis tools. The study aims to understand protein-protein interactions and could lead to breakthroughs in understanding biological systems.
New research reveals neutron has negative charge at inner core and outer edge, with positive charge in between to balance it. The discovery changes scientific understanding of how neutrons interact with electrons and protons, with implications for the strong force and atomic nuclei.
Researchers at NIST have discovered a highly sought-after type of atomic magnetic moment arrangement in antiferromagnets. The findings, published in Nature Materials, reveal evidence of a rare quantum paramagnetic spin state that weakly responds to external magnetic fields.
Researchers at Michigan State University have made a unique measurement of an exotic oxygen nucleus, confirming a theoretical model predicting dramatic changes in structure as oxygen nuclei approach their limits. The experiment used new detection tools, making it possible to explore isotopes near the extreme edges of existence.
Researchers have observed the properties of neutron stars, including their sizes and masses, using a new technique that exploits Einstein's general theory of relativity. The study provides insights into the extreme conditions within these ultradense objects.
Astronomers have pioneered a new technique to measure the properties of neutron stars, allowing them to study the extreme conditions under which matter is packed. Using XMM-Newton and Suzaku satellites, scientists observed distorted space-time around three neutron stars, confirming predictions by Einstein's theory of general relativity.
Astronomers have used XMM-Newton and Suzaku to measure the diameters and masses of neutron stars, confirming Einstein's predicted distortion of space-time. The technique involves observing the iron lines produced by hot atoms swirling around neutron stars.
Researchers have detected a hidden magnetic 'quantum order' extending over chains of nearly 100 atoms in a magnetically disordered material. This discovery may lead to the design of devices and materials for quantum information processing, including large-scale quantum computers.
Scientists have developed a new technique to measure the speed of nuclei traveling at one-third the speed of light, enabling the study of rare isotopes. The method uses the Doppler effect to calculate the nucleus's speed based on gamma ray emissions.
The new magnet will be the world's strongest for neutron experiments, allowing scientists to study high-temperature superconductors and hydrogen structure in various materials. It is part of a $23.1-million project funded by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research.