Articles tagged with Photons
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Experiments show that photon collisions lead to excess particles, previously unexplained. Theoretical description now includes photon interactions to explain data collected from LHC and RHIC collisions.
The City College of New York team demonstrated the use of Rydberg states to enhance nonlinear optical interactions in solid state systems, creating a chip-scale scalable single photon switch. This breakthrough enables the realization of quantum photonic technologies by amplifying scalability.
Researchers at Stanford University developed an optical device that allows engineers to change the frequencies of individual photons in a stream of light. This enables the creation of compact and flexible neural networks for artificial intelligence, transforming fields such as digital communications, AI, and quantum computing.
Researchers developed a new x-ray optics-on-a-chip device that can modulate X-rays at speeds up to 100 times faster than conventional devices. The tiny device, weighing just 3 micrograms, has the potential to capture fast chemical, material and biological processes.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge have developed a technique to track individual atoms in real time, allowing for greater control over material growth. This breakthrough could enable more precise design and manufacture of materials with unique properties.
Researchers developed a new noise-suppression technique that reduces noise photon counts by at least 50 times, enabling accurate 3D imaging up to 201.5 km with single-photon sensitivity. The technique is achieved through optimized transceiver optics and coating the telescope for high transmission.
Researchers have realized a synthetic gauge field in a single optomechanical resonator using multimode interaction. This breakthrough enables precise quantum many-body simulation and control over bosons, with potential applications in topological physics.
Researchers at the University of Bonn have discovered a new phase transition in an optical Bose-Einstein condensate of light particles. The overdamped phase exhibits unique properties that could be used to transmit quantum-encrypted messages between multiple participants.
Researchers have solved a long-standing mystery about how particles behave outside a black hole's photon sphere using string theory. The study finds that string theory resolves singularities caused by tidal effects on nearby strings, supporting the idea of extended objects like strings as degrees of freedom in quantum gravity.
Researchers have developed a new class of versatile, high-performance quantum dots that emit single photons in the near-infrared range at room temperature. These breakthroughs open up practical applications in quantum communication, medical imaging, and diagnostics.
Researchers from Louisiana State University demonstrated a machine learning approach that corrects distorted quantum information in photon systems. This method outperforms traditional protocols, showcasing the potential for machine learning to enhance quantum sensing and communications technologies on the battlefield.
A team of researchers at the University of Tsukuba demonstrated second-order nonlinear optical effects in diamonds using internal color center defects. This breakthrough may lead to faster internet communications, all-optical computers, and quantum sensing technologies.
The HAWC Observatory has detected photons with energies of up to 200 TeV, a hundred trillion times greater than visible light. The source of these high-energy photons was identified as a nearby cloud of interstellar material surrounding a young star cluster.
The Cygnus Cocoon is found to be the most powerful of our galaxy's known natural particle accelerators, with photons recorded from energies up to one hundred teraelectronvolts. The HAWC observatory detected this phenomenon, suggesting that protons accelerated in stellar winds could be responsible for high-energy gamma photon emission.
Researchers at Skoltech have proposed a photonic device using liquid crystals in optical resonators to study their optical properties. The device can simulate electronic devices using photons, potentially increasing processing speed and reducing energy consumption.
Researchers have developed a microscopy technique that combines ultrafast electron manipulation with sub-nanometer photon detection. This allows for the investigation of quantum systems, sensing, and control, opening new doors for nanoscale science and technology.
Researchers at Columbia University School of Engineering and Applied Science have developed a new technique to control optical nonlinearity in 2D materials. The twistoptics approach enables giant nonlinear optical responses in small volumes, leading to compact laser systems and potential applications in quantum computing, spectroscopy,...
A heat-free optical switch developed by KTH researchers can control single photons without generating heat, making it compatible with sensitive single-photon detectors. This technology is crucial for integrating optical switches and photon detectors in a single chip, paving the way for quantum computing and communication advancements.
Scientists at University of Bath found a way to bind two photons together, creating photon-photon polaritons with predicted masses 1,000+ times lighter than electrons. This discovery has potential applications in terabit and quantum optical communication schemes and precision measurements.
Researchers find that cooperative effects play a significant role in photon escape rates from cold atomic gases, exceeding the impact of disorder. The study uses complex models to account for light-matter interactions and finds that a simple scalar model can accurately predict escape rates.
Researchers at TU Wien have produced well-defined beams of entangled atoms using ultracold atom clouds in electromagnetic traps. The creation of controlled twin pairs has been demonstrated, allowing for new quantum experiments to be carried out with these atom pairs.
Scientists used X-ray technology to compare brain tissues of schizophrenia patients with those of healthy individuals, revealing unique structural differences. The findings suggest a link between these differences and the onset of the disease, paving the way for potential new treatments.
Researchers have developed a new quantum computation protocol that allows for homomorphic quantum encryption, enabling secure delegation of computations without compromising data privacy. The protocol's security improves with increasing complexity of calculations.
The ATLAS experiment at the LHC has observed the creation of particle pairs from interacting photons, a unique and rare process. The detection was made possible by the AFP spectrometers, which track protons slightly deflected from the main beam, providing insight into the physics of high-energy collisions.
Physicists at the University of Bath have developed a way to use resonance to store light energy more effectively in microresonators. This leads to the creation of rainbow-like structures called frequency combs, which can be used for precise measurements and applications such as pollution monitoring and radar technology
Researchers at USC have developed a method to create single photons from quantum dots arranged in a precise pattern, paving the way for the production of optical circuits. This breakthrough has potential applications in quantum communication, imaging, sensing, and computation.
Researchers have created a photon source that can produce billions of single photons per second, significantly increasing efficiency over previous systems. This breakthrough has significant consequences for quantum cryptography and computing, with potential applications in secure communications and quantum computing.
Scientists at Max Born Institute create new method for generating narrowband XUV laser pulses by employing four-wave mixing scheme. This enables applications in electron spectroscopy, resonant transitions, and coherent diffractive imaging.
Physicists at MIT searched for axions in Betelgeuse, a nearby star expected to burn out soon, but found no signs of the hypothetical dark matter particles. The null result sets new constraints on axion properties, making it harder to detect them through X-ray signals.
A team of researchers developed a new validation protocol to confirm the accuracy of computer simulations at the atomic scale. They compared high-resolution X-ray reflectivity measurements with simulated results, providing insights into the complexities of solid-liquid interfaces.
A new class of crystalline material called avalanching nanoparticles (ANPs) overcomes the diffraction limit without heavy computation or a super-resolution microscope. ANPs enable real-time high-resolution bioimaging of cells' organelles and proteins, as well as ultrasensitive optical sensors and neuromorphic computing.
Researchers at Columbia University have developed the first nanomaterial that demonstrates photon avalanching, a process with extreme nonlinear optical behavior and efficiency. The realization of this phenomenon in nanoparticle form opens up new applications in sensing, imaging, and light detection.
Researchers at the Max Born Institute developed a novel laser-driven X-ray source generating femtosecond copper K° pulses with unprecedented flux of 10^12 photons per second. This breakthrough enables investigating ultrafast structure changes in condensed matter by time-resolved X-ray scattering.
A new experiment provides insights into transient atomic states, enabling better understanding of photocatalysis, elementary steps in photosynthesis and radiation damage. The study uses high-resolution electron spectroscopy to capture a snapshot of the short-lived state produced when X-rays interact with neon atoms.
Researchers at USTC achieve experimental verification of distribution quantum phase estimation, surpassing classical limits in metrology. They demonstrate enhanced sensitivity in measuring multiple parameters simultaneously with high precision.
The University of Arizona team led by Zheshen Zhang is creating a prototype of an entangled sensor array to improve navigation, health care, and communication technologies. The project aims to develop affordable, compact optomechanical sensors for vehicle navigation and other applications.
Researchers at Stevens Institute of Technology have developed a chip-based photon source that's 100 times more efficient than any previous device, allowing the creation of tens of millions of entangled photon pairs per second. The new source uses nanoscale microcavities to create entangled photons with virtually no waste energy.
Researchers at the University of Jena have developed a light-emitting silicon alloy, paving the way for silicon lasers that could revolutionize optical data processing. The alloy's unique crystal structure enhances the probability of efficient photon emission.
Nicolas Cerf and Michael Jabbour identify a new form of quantum interference that occurs through time, using an optical amplifier to produce identical photons. This phenomenon challenges our classical understanding of space-based interference.
Entangled photon-based mid-infrared imaging improves penetration depth in highly scattering materials, enabling non-destructive testing and analysis of ceramics and paint samples. The technique produces high-quality 2D and 3D images using a compact optical setup.
Researchers used X-ray beams to examine a 1,900-year-old mummy, revealing details about the child's body and burial artifacts. The examination confirmed the presence of a sacred calcite amulet and provided insights into the preservation process used by ancient Egyptians.
A team of researchers has developed a unique process to produce a quantum state that is part light and part matter. This discovery provides fundamental insights for developing efficient quantum-based optical and electronic devices, as well as increasing the efficiency of nanoscale chemical reactions.
Researchers at NSLS-II are building a quantum-enhanced x-ray microscope to image biomolecules like never before, enabling superior resolution without sacrificing dose. The facility's ultrabright light will be harnessed through ghost imaging techniques to preserve sensitive samples.
Theoretical researchers at the University of Chicago have found a way to make quantum sensors exponentially more sensitive by harnessing a unique physics phenomenon. This breakthrough could lead to improved detection and diagnosis of diseases, prediction of natural disasters, and exploration without digging.
Researchers developed a low-cost, flexible optoelectronic cell that can detect light intensity and perceive color. The device uses bandgap-gradient perovskites to sense spectral content with high resolution.
A new research study discovered that patients with diabetes may experience reduced benefits from dexamethasone treatment due to altered binding properties of serum albumin. The findings suggest re-evaluating prescribing practices for this medication, potentially leading to more effective treatments.
Scientists at University of Rochester and Cornell University have developed a nanoscale node made of magnetic and semiconducting materials that can interact with other nodes using laser light. The device uses entanglement, a phenomenon in quantum mechanics, to connect quantum nodes across a remote network.
Scientists have uncovered the chemical structure behind defects in white graphene that emit single photons, paving the way for controlled fabrication and practical applications. The study reveals a direct link between carbon incorporation and quantum emission, with potential implications for quantum sensing and computing.
Scientists at the University of Groningen designed a rotary motor powered by near-infrared light, overcoming a major limitation of previous designs. The motor uses an antenna to absorb two low-energy photons, which are then transferred to initiate movement.
Researchers Nathalie Picque and Theodor Hänsch developed dual-comb spectroscopy to detect spectral patterns even in extremely low light conditions. This technique enabled the recording of broad spectra with over 100,000 colors in near complete darkness.
Researchers at Goethe University Frankfurt measured the propagation of light in a hydrogen molecule, achieving a new world record in short time measurement. The scientists tracked the ejection of electrons from the molecule using a unique technique, allowing them to determine the timing of photon interactions within zeptoseconds.
Topological photonics explores discrete states of light, similar to Fock states of electrons. The connection between the Maxwell and Schrodinger equations reveals new topological phases, including a Haldane model for valley Hall effect.
Researchers aim to understand how electrical stimulation affects glia and vasculature in the brain, with potential implications for treating neurological diseases. They'll use two-photon microscopy and optogenetics to investigate inner workings of the brain.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have developed a precision photon source made from an atomically thin semiconducting material, enabling the generation of single, identical photons. This breakthrough could aid in developing secure and fast quantum communication networks.
Researchers designed a compact UV camera capable of recording photons in the ultraviolet range in real time, achieving an imaging speed of 0.5 trillion frames per second. The system uses compressed ultrafast photography to capture unparalleled resolution with just one click.
A team of scientists at ICFO has developed a graphene-based bolometer that can detect microwave photons with extremely high sensitivities and fast time responses. The device uses a microwave resonator to generate photons, which are then detected through the heating of graphene.
Researchers have developed a method to observe nonlinear x-ray processes in atoms, allowing for detailed insight into molecular motion. This new approach may help steer chemical reactions in desired directions.
Researchers at NIST have developed a system that can reliably detect even the faintest signal pulses using quantum physics, enabling record-low error rates and reducing energy requirements. The system uses novel receiver technology to process extremely weak signals with up to 16 distinct laser pulses encoding four bits of data.
A team of scientists has developed a novel type of quantum emitter formed from spatially separated InGaN monolayer islands. The isolated islands exhibit high photostability and can be spectrally filtered to act as bright, fast single photon emitters at a wavelength of ~400 nm.
Researchers have developed a new type of solar cell that can reflect 99% of the energy it can't convert into electricity, allowing for more efficient use of waste heat from exhaust pipes and chimneys. This technology has the potential to make renewable energy storage cheaper by ten-fold compared to traditional battery-based systems.