Quantum Tunneling
Articles tagged with Quantum Tunneling
Quantum materials: Volkswagen Foundation provides €2 million for Eckhardt Endowed Professorship at Goethe University
Researchers at Goethe University Frankfurt are exploring modern quantum materials, which exhibit fascinating phenomena in response to external stimuli. Olena Fedchenko investigates electronic structure and properties of these materials using various photon sources.
Researchers discover new proton-coupled triplet energy transfer mechanism
Researchers at Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics have identified a novel proton shuttle-assisted triplet energy transfer mechanism, enhancing the rate and efficiency of spin-triplet migration. The discovery has profound implications for modern molecular technologies involving spin-triplet excited states.
Atoms passing through walls: Quantum tunneling of hydrogen within palladium crystal
Researchers at the Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, have precisely detected quantum tunneling of hydrogen atoms in palladium metal. Hydrogen atoms can pass through energy barriers via quantum tunneling due to 'quantum' effects.
A ‘dead’ 1800s idea rises again... with clues to the mystery of the universe’s missing antimatter
Japanese physicists have shown that knots can arise in a realistic particle physics framework, potentially explaining the origin of the universe's matter surplus. By combining two long-studied extensions of the Standard Model, the team found a stable knot configuration that could have formed and dominated in the early universe.
Room-temperature terahertz device opens door to 6G networks
Researchers at Nagoya University have successfully developed a resonant tunnel diode that operates at room temperature using Group IV semiconductor materials. This breakthrough paves the way for terahertz wireless components that can deliver unprecedented speed and data handling capacity with superior energy efficiency.
Quantum researchers observe real-time switching of the magnet in the heart of a single atom
Researchers from Delft University of Technology have successfully measured the nuclear spin of an on-surface atom in real time, achieving 'single-shot readout'. This breakthrough enables control over the magnetic nucleus and opens up possibilities for quantum sensing at the atomic scale.
Something from nothing: Physicists model vacuum tunnelling in a 2D superfluid
Researchers at the University of British Columbia have created a theoretical model for vacuum tunnelling in a 2D superfluid, where vortex pairs appear spontaneously. This work has significant implications for our understanding of quantum mechanics, phase transitions, and superfluids.
Unveiling the mystery of electron dynamics in the 'quantum tunneling barrier' for the first time
Researchers successfully confirmed long-standing 'electron tunneling' phenomenon, revealing surprising interactions between electrons and atomic nuclei during tunneling. The study's findings have significant implications for advanced technologies like semiconductors, quantum computers, and ultrafast lasers.
How does a ceramic melt under laser? Tunnel ionization dominant femtosecond ultrafast melting in MgO
Researchers find that intense laser pulses cause tunnel ionization, generating photocarriers and altering the lattice energy surface, leading to ultrafast melting of wide-gap ceramic materials like MgO. The study demonstrates a universal microscopic mechanism for laser-induced phase transitions.
Evidence of primordial black holes may be hiding in planets, or even everyday objects here on Earth
Researchers propose that small black holes born in the early universe could have left behind hollow planetoids and microscopic tunnels, potentially detectable with telescopes or by monitoring old materials. The study suggests a low probability of primordial black hole passage but emphasizes the potential for discovery.
Coulomb focusing in attosecond angular streaking
A team of researchers found that attosecond angular streaking measurements are closely related to the statistical distribution of momentum/energy of electron wave packets generated by quantum tunneling. The Coulomb focusing effect disrupts this correspondence, revealing new insights into sub-barrier tunneling dynamics.
Nanoscale transistors could enable more efficient electronics
MIT researchers develop 3D transistors using quantum mechanical properties to achieve low-voltage operation and high performance. The devices can deliver comparable performance to state-of-the-art silicon transistors while operating efficiently at much lower voltages.
Moving particle simulation-aided soil plasticity analysis for earth pressure balance shield tunnelling
A team of researchers from Shibaura Institute of Technology developed a moving particle simulation-aided soil plasticity analysis for earth pressure balance shield tunnelling. The study found that earth pressure is a reliable indicator for analyzing soil plasticity and proposed a computer-aided analysis system that precisely reflects e...
Wayne State University professor receives NSF grant to study quantum tunneling
Dr. Wen Li's research aims to discover whether quantum tunneling is instantaneous and develop new detector technologies for fast electron processes. This project has the potential to impact various fields, including medicine, business, and biology.
What is "time" for quantum particles?
Physicists from TU Darmstadt propose a new approach to define and measure the time required for quantum tunneling. They suggest using Ramsey clocks, which utilize the oscillation of atoms to determine the elapsed time. The proposed method may correct previous experiments that observed particles moving faster than light during tunneling.
Researchers unlock potential of 2D magnetic devices for future computing
Researchers developed a device controlling tiny magnetic states in ultrathin magnets using tunneling currents, enabling probabilistic computing. This breakthrough could lead to advanced memory devices and entirely new types of computers solving complex problems efficiently.
The end of the quantum tunnel
Researchers develop new mathematical structure to describe tunneling phenomena in quantum mechanics, resolving long-standing problem and opening doors for further applications.
New quantum material promises over 190% quantum efficiency in solar cells
Researchers from Lehigh University have developed a material that promises over 190% quantum efficiency in solar cells, exceeding the theoretical limit for silicon-based materials. The material's 'intermediate band states' enable efficient absorption of sunlight and production of charge carriers.
Chemical reactions can scramble quantum information as well as black holes
Researchers at Rice University and the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign have found that chemical reactions can scramble quantum information, similar to black holes. This discovery could lead to new methods for controlling molecular behavior and improving the reliability of quantum computers.
Magnetic avalanche triggered by quantum effects
Researchers at Caltech have demonstrated quantum Barkhausen noise, which is the collection of little magnets flipping in groups. This effect is caused by quantum tunneling and co-tunneling, leading to macroscopic changes in magnetization, even without classical effects.
Quantum interference could lead to smaller, faster, and more energy-efficient transistors
Researchers developed a new single-molecule transistor that utilizes quantum interference to switch electrons on and off. The device boasts high precision switching, stability, and improved subthreshold swing compared to existing transistors.
The new system allows to look at phenomena that occur in special “topological” materials by video recording the motion of pendula
The study reveals insights into topological materials by visualizing the motion of coupled pendula, reproducing behaviors of electrons in periodic systems. The researchers directly measure Bloch oscillations and Zener tunneling phenomena, previously impossible to observe in quantum systems.
Tunnelling of electrons via the neighboring atom
Researchers studied electron tunneling via neighboring atoms in van der Waals complexes, revealing two capture effects and a new understanding of Coulomb interactions. This discovery has implications for quantum physics, nanoelectronics, and ultrafast optoelectronic devices.
Optimizing continuous-variable functions with quantum annealing
Researchers from Tokyo Institute of Technology have successfully tested quantum annealing on a D-Wave 2000Q quantum computer for optimizing continuous-variable functions. The study found that QA can significantly outperform state-of-the-art classical algorithms, especially when the energy barrier is high.
An unexpected antenna for nanoscale light sources
Researchers at ETH Zurich have found a novel mechanism to produce nanoscale light sources by exploiting the antenna-like behavior of semiconductor materials. By varying the voltage and measuring the current through a tunnel junction, they discovered an exciton resonance that acts as an effective antenna, enabling efficient light emission.
Scientists’ report world’s first X-ray of a single atom in Nature
Researchers successfully detect X-ray signature of individual atoms, enabling the identification of materials at an atomic level. The breakthrough technique has potential applications in environmental and medical sciences, as well as advancing technology.
Tunneling electrons
Physicists at FAU have successfully measured and controlled electron release from metals in the attosecond range using a special strategy. This achievement could lead to new quantum-mechanical insights and enable electronic circuits that are a million times faster than current technology.
Quantum crossover: How to distinguish single-particle and pair currents
Researchers developed a new method to distinguish current carriers in the BCS-BEC crossover, a phase transition between superfluids and superconductors. The team measured fluctuations of currents, quantified as the Fano factor, which can identify single-particle- and pair-currents.
Quantum chemistry: Molecules caught tunneling
Scientists at the University of Innsbruck have successfully measured tunneling reactions in molecular chemistry, confirming a precise theoretical model. The experiment used hydrogen and deuterium isotopes to demonstrate the quantum mechanical tunnel effect in a slow ion-molecule reaction.
Tailoring 'hollow' hydrogen molecule generation with two-color, bicircularly polarized laser pulses
A team of researchers has developed an experimental method to manipulate the Rydberg state excitation in hydrogen molecules using bicircular two-color laser pulses. By controlling the photon effect and field effect, they were able to generate Rydberg states while varying the extent to which each effect contributed to the process.
Israeli research reveals the thinnest possible ladder steps made of distinct electric potentials
Scientists at Tel Aviv University have developed a method to create the thinnest possible ladder steps made of distinct electric potentials, which can be used as independent information units. The discovery enables the creation of novel devices with potential applications in electronics and optomechanics.
WashU engineer making AI more energy efficient
A recent grant will fund a project developing new hardware for machine learning, aiming to curb unsustainable energy use in AI systems. The new algorithms being developed are made available to the research community and compatible with an openly shared computing platform.
Master equation to boost quantum technologies
Physicists have developed a 'master equation' to understand feedback control at the quantum level, enabling precise real-time control over quantum systems. This breakthrough has the potential to revolutionize quantum technologies by exploiting quantum effects and mitigating fragile system properties.
Full experimental determination of tunneling time with attosecond-scale streaking method
Researchers develop new scheme to measure tunneling time without theoretical calculation, finding ionization times decrease with increasing electron energy. The technique provides insight into fundamental dynamics of laser-matter interaction and potential retrieval of geometrical information.
An atomic-scale window into superconductivity paves the way for new quantum materials
Scientists at Aalto University and Oak Ridge National Laboratory develop new method to detect Cooper pairs in unconventional superconductors, enabling unique understanding of quantum materials. This breakthrough represents a major step forward in developing quantum technologies.
Quantum mechanics could explain why DNA can spontaneously mutate
A team of physicists and chemists at the University of Surrey used computer modeling to show that quantum mechanics can cause errors in DNA replication, leading to mutations. The researchers found that protons can tunnel through energy barriers, causing mistakes in the pairing of DNA bases.
How a physicist aims to reduce the noise in quantum computing
Behunin's project targets challenges in practical quantum computing by controlling noise and its impact on qubits. By manipulating sound waves, he hopes to quiet the noise that corrupts information stored in quantum computers.
Tiny, cheap solution for quantum-secure encryption
A new protocol called SPoTKD offers a secure way to transmit data without relying on expensive equipment or dedicated channels. Tiny microchips with self-powered clocks can create secure channels, making it possible for devices to power themselves and stay secure.
From quantum vibrations to nanodiamonds, unusual toolbox puts dangerous SARS-CoV-2 variants under surveillance—and may detect the most infectious
Scientists have developed an unusual toolbox using quantum physics and molecular mapping to monitor SARS-CoV-2's spike protein. The approach aims to improve diagnosis, variant risk assessment, and treatment by identifying hotspots in the genome where highly-infectious mutations emerge.
Physicists harness electrons to make ‘synthetic dimensions’
Rice University physicists have developed a technique to engineer Rydberg states of ultracold strontium atoms, creating 'synthetic dimensions' that simulate real materials. This breakthrough enables the creation of interacting particles in a controlled environment, paving the way for new physics and material properties.
A sub-nanometer supramolecular rectifier
Researchers designed a sub-nanometer molecular rectifier utilizing destructive quantum interference and asymmetric supramolecular interaction, overcoming electronic functionality challenges. The device achieves rectification behavior at the sub-nanometer scale, enabling potential miniaturization of electronic devices.
Quantum battles in attoscience: Following three debates
The attoscience community has clarified points of tension through discussions among researchers, exploring the scope and nature of analytical and ab-initio approaches. Researchers also investigated the physical observables of quantum tunnelling experiments, aiming to explain differing conclusions.
Towards more energy-efficient 2D semiconductor devices
Researchers from SUTD discover a family of 2D semiconductors with Ohmic contacts, reducing electrical resistance and generating less waste heat. This breakthrough could pave the way for high-performance and energy-efficient electronics, potentially replacing silicon-based technology.
Locations of Riemann Zeros accurately measured
A team from USTC measures first 80 Riemann zeros using a trapped-ion qubit in a Paul trap, achieving high precision. This work provides an experimental basis for studying the Hilbert–Pólya conjecture and understanding the connection between Riemann hypothesis and quantum systems.
Decoding electron dynamics
Researchers at Huazhong University of Science and Technology developed a scheme to identify and weigh quantum orbits in strong-field tunneling ionization. By introducing a second harmonic frequency, they can alter the photoelectron yield, allowing for accurate identification of quantum orbits. This breakthrough enables attosecond tempo...
New 'quantum' approach helps solve an old problem in materials science
Scientists develop a quantum annealing framework to solve the long-standing problem of ion diffusion in solids. The approach shows promising results, especially when compared to other computational techniques, and could expand materials science.
Edalatpour receives NSF CAREER award to study thermal radiation in quantum materials
Researchers studying quantum materials aim to design new materials with novel thermal properties, potentially enhancing energy efficiency in devices. Sheila Edalatpour's work may lead to breakthroughs in thermophotovoltaic waste heat recovery, electronic devices, and thermal diodes.
Microscope allows ultrafast nanoscale manipulation while tracking energy dynamics
Researchers have developed a microscopy technique that combines ultrafast electron manipulation with sub-nanometer photon detection. This allows for the investigation of quantum systems, sensing, and control, opening new doors for nanoscale science and technology.
Perfect transmission through barrier using sound
A new study by the University of Hong Kong has experimentally proven the existence of Klein tunneling, where relativistic particles can pass through barriers with 100% transmission. This breakthrough has significant implications for fundamental physics and potential applications in sound manipulation and acoustic signal processing.
Quantum tunneling pushes the limits of self-powered sensors
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have created self-powered quantum sensors that can run for over a year with just a small initial energy input. The sensors use a fundamental law of physics to generate power, allowing them to measure ambient motion and other phenomena without batteries.
The smallest motor in the world
Researchers develop 16-atom motor with high directional stability, powered by thermal and electrical energy. The motor's operation challenges classical physics and quantum principles, revealing new insights into energy transfer and time direction.
NRL researchers create electronic diodes beyond 5G performance
Researchers at the Naval Research Laboratory created a new type of electronic component that surpasses the speed of 5G networks. The gallium nitride-based resonant tunneling diode displays record current outputs and switching speeds, enabling applications in millimeter-wave region and terahertz frequencies.
NIST scientists create new recipe for single-atom transistors
Researchers at NIST create step-by-step method to produce atomic-scale devices, enabling precise control over quantum tunneling and entanglement. The technique has a nearly 100% success rate and lays the foundation for creating stable single-atom transistors with potential applications in quantum computing.
Chemists observe 'spooky' quantum tunneling
Researchers successfully suppressed quantum tunneling in ammonia molecules by applying a strong electric field, demonstrating the phenomenon's 'spookiness'. The study uses this approach to explore molecular dynamics and potentially exploit it with other molecules.
Breakthrough in understanding of magnetic monopoles could signal new technologies
Researchers at the University of Kent studied magnetic monopoles and found that they can 'tunnel' through energy barriers, enabling their motion. This breakthrough could signal the development of new technologies based on moving magnetic monopoles instead of electric charges.
Perfect quantum portal emerges at exotic interface
Researchers at the University of Maryland have captured evidence of Klein tunneling in a superconductor-superfluid junction, allowing particles to tunnel through barriers. This phenomenon enables engineers to design more uniform components for future quantum computers and devices.
A new hope of quantum computers for factorizations of RSA with a thousand-fold excess
D-Wave's quantum annealing algorithm and quantum computer have been shown to break RSA codes with unprecedented efficiency, outperforming universal quantum computers like Shor's algorithm. This breakthrough highlights the potential of D-Wave for cryptanalysis and code-cracking.
Clearer vision of the biochemical reaction that allows us to see
Researchers propose a refined approximation of the photo-excitation equation that describes the effect of photons on rhodopsin protein in eyes. The study has implications for other molecules, like azobenzene, and demonstrates tunnelling process to populate excited states.
Researchers peer into atom-sized tunnels in hunt for better battery
Scientists have discovered that certain large ions can hold tunnels open in electrode materials, allowing charge-carrying ions to move in and out easily and quickly. This breakthrough could lead to improved energy density and power density of lithium ion batteries for larger devices such as electric cars.