Articles tagged with Quarks
Physicists have developed a new theory to predict how particles, such as heavy quarks, move through quark-gluon plasma, a state of matter thought to have existed in the universe's first fraction of a second. The theory, which builds on Einstein's 1905 work, could provide new insights into the microscopic structure of quark-gluon plasma.
Researchers from Sophia University quantitatively evaluated the extent to which matter produced in oxygen collisions reaches thermal equilibrium. They found a clear transition as collision activity increased, with a persistent non-equilibrated component persisting even in the most central collisions.
Scientists from the University of Manchester led the discovery of the new Ξcc+- (Xi-cc-plus) particle, a heavy proton-like particle containing two charm quarks and one down quark. The particle was identified using the upgraded LHCb detector and has a mass of 3619.97 MeV/c².
Physicists at MIT observed clear signs that quarks create wakes as they speed through the plasma, confirming the plasma behaves like a liquid. This finding provides new insights into the properties of the quark-gluon plasma and its behavior in the early universe.
A research team led by Frank Geurts measured quark-gluon plasma temperatures at various stages of its evolution, providing critical insights into a state of matter believed to have existed just microseconds after the big bang. The study revealed two distinct average temperatures depending on the mass range of dielectron pairs, indicati...
The scientific program includes presentations on new research in exotic and radioactive nuclei, quark-gluon plasma, nucleosynthesis, neutrinos, and more. Registration is now open for news media with valid APS press credentials.
The sPHENIX detector precisely measured particles from high-speed collisions, revealing properties of quark-gluon plasma. This achievement enables scientists to reconstruct the early universe's conditions.
A recent study published in Physics Letters B reveals that quarks can defy expectations when hit by high-energy electrons, challenging long-held ideas about symmetry in nuclear physics. The research team's findings may impact how future experiments interpret quark behavior and the structure of matter.
Physicists have shown that particles produced in 'jets' retain information about their origins in subatomic particle smashups. The study establishes a direct connection between the 'entanglement entropy' at the earliest stage of jet formation and the particles that emerge as a jet evolves.
Researchers used Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) to cluster jets in high-energy particle collisions, achieving performance comparable to classical algorithms. The study demonstrates the potential of quantum computing in improving jet clustering for practical applications.
Researchers at RHIC reveal direct evidence that even small nuclei can create tiny specks of quark-gluon plasma, a key signature of the primordial soup. The study finds that energetic particles lose energy and slow down significantly in these collisions, indicating the presence of QGP.
Marie Bo&r's $875,000 grant will fund her project to learn more about partons from an experimental and phenomenological point of view. Her goal is to understand the static and dynamic properties of quarks when confined in a nucleon, with potential implications for the study of radioactivity.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London have discovered a surprising connection between the Large Hadron Collider and the future of quantum computing. The study reveals that top quarks produce
Researchers use precise measurements of radioactive decay processes to calculate quark mixing, uncovering effects involving weak interactions that dominate uncertainty. The work may hold promise for uncovering footprints of new physics in nuclear processes.
Researchers use quantum information science to study the influence of entanglement on proton structure, revealing a more complex and dynamic system. The findings may offer insight into nuclear physics questions and inform future experiments at the Electron-Ion Collider.
Researchers successfully detect neutron participating in DVCS reaction using a new detector installed at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The experiment provides unprecedented insight into the distribution of partons inside neutrons, a crucial step towards understanding nucleon structure and spin.
Scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory have demonstrated that complex calculations can accurately predict the distribution of electric charges in mesons. The new predictions match measurements from low-energy experiments and extend into the high-energy regime planned for future collider experiments.
Physicists use lattice quantum chromodynamics to calculate how quarks and gluons interact within the proton, revealing a 3D picture of parton distributions. This approach helps explain the proton's spin and distribution of matter, with implications for understanding particle interactions.
Researchers studied jet energy loss in nucleus-nucleus collisions, revealing a decrease in the jet transport coefficient with increasing medium temperature. This discovery provides a more accurate understanding of jet quenching in high-energy collisions.
Researchers suggest microscopic, ultradense black holes formed in first quintillionth of a second after Big Bang may have produced smaller, super-charged black holes with unprecedented nuclear charge. These tiny, 'super-charged' black holes could have influenced atomic nucleus formation and detection.
A recent study combines experimental data with state-of-the-art calculations to reveal new details on the origins of proton spin. The research shows that gluons, which hold protons together, contribute significantly to the proton's spin, contradicting earlier findings.
Researchers at STAR detector observe charged-particle deflection pattern caused by induced electric current in quark-gluon plasma, providing proof of magnetic fields' existence and a new method to measure conductivity. This discovery may aid in unraveling phase transition mysteries between QGP and nuclear matter.
Theoretical studies predict the existence of a new family of exotic subatomic particles called beautiful-charming tetraquarks. These particles are composed of four quarks, including two beauty and charm quarks, and two light anti-quarks. The prediction arrives at a fortuitous moment, coinciding with recent discoveries in this domain.
Zhite Yu has been awarded the 2024 J.J. and Noriko Sakurai Dissertation Award in Theoretical Particle Physics for his novel and outstanding doctoral thesis work. He studied the proton's interior using electron-scattering processes and proposed two new methods to overcome limitations, which can provide more information about partonic st...
A Rice University team, led by Wei Li, has received a $15.5 million grant to develop an ultra-fast silicon timing detector for the CMS experiment at the LHC. This technology will enable breakthrough science in heavy ion collisions and provide insights into the strong nuclear force.
Researchers identified the origin of a discrepancy between experimental and theoretical values of the muon's magnetic moment. The study found that lattice QCD and electron-positron collision data disagree, highlighting the need to resolve this puzzle.
Researchers investigate whether dark matter particles are produced inside a jet of standard model particles. Their new detector signature, semi-visible jets, opens up new directions into looking for Dark Matter.
Researchers explore nucleon resonances, gaining insight into early universe's chaotic state. The experiment provides new information on the 3D structure of resonating protons and neutrons.
Researchers used supercomputers to predict the spatial distributions of charges, momentum, and other properties of 'up' and 'down' quarks within protons. The results revealed key differences in the characteristics of the up and down quarks, implying different contributions to the proton's fundamental properties.
Peter Hurck, the 2023 JSA Postdoctoral Prize winner, is conducting data analyses to identify strange particles and learn about their properties. He hopes to improve data analysis methods for these particles using high-quality data from GlueX experiments.
New measurements from RHIC's STAR detector suggest the shape of small quark-gluon plasma drops is influenced by the substructure of smaller projectile nuclei. This contradicts previous findings from PHENIX detector, which attributed QGP shape to larger-scale positions of nucleons. The results may deepen understanding of properties and ...
Researchers used a nonequilibrium-statistical model to predict the stopping process of heavy ions at high LHC energies, gaining insights into original states of matter and quark-gluon plasma. Future experiments may confirm predicted stopping behavior and reveal properties of gluons.
Researchers have calculated the heavy quark diffusion coefficient, which describes how quickly quarks and gluons transfer their momentum to heavier quarks. The calculation reveals that heavy quarks are strongly interacting with the surrounding plasma, making it difficult for them to change direction.
Researchers at RHIC have observed directed flow of hypernuclei, providing insight into hyperon-nucleon interactions. The findings suggest that hypernuclei follow the same mass-scaling pattern as ordinary nuclei, implying similar nucleon-nucleon and hyperon-nucleon interactions.
Researchers have made the first-ever observations of how lambda particles, a form of strange matter, are produced by a specific process called semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS). The study reveals that diquarks, pairs of quarks and gluons, can march through atomic nuclei, contributing to the formation of lambdas.
Physicists from Tata Institute of Fundamental Research and The Institute of Mathematical Science have predicted the existence of a deeply bound dibaryon made of two triply bottom Omega baryons. This finding elucidates strong forces in baryon-baryon interactions, potentially explaining nuclear bindings.
Physicists at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider detect sequential dissociation of three distinct upsilon variations in a hot quark-gluon plasma, offering evidence for 'deconfinement.' The findings help scientists better understand the properties of the QGP and its temperature.
At the lowest collision energy, QGP production is found to be absent, with a dramatic shift in data characteristics. Higher-order statistical analysis reveals a clear absence of QGP at low energies, providing new insights into nuclear matter phases.
A South Korean research team has successfully searched for Dine-Fischler-Srednicki-Zhitnitskii (DFSZ) axion dark matter using a new experimental setup. The group achieved a higher sensitivity than existing experiments, excluding axion dark matter around 4.55 µeV at DFSZ sensitivity.
Scientists successfully synthesized the elusive Λ(1405) particle and measured its complex mass, revealing a temporary bound state of a K- meson and proton. The findings may provide insights into the interior of ultra-dense neutron stars and the early formation of the Universe.
Researchers find phi mesons exhibit a clear preference for global spin alignment, contradicting conventional explanations. The results hint at the presence of local fluctuations in the strong force, which could be measured and provide new insights into this fundamental force.
Physicists have discovered a way to observe quantum interference between dissimilar particles, allowing for the creation of high-precision images of gluon distributions within atomic nuclei. This technique enables researchers to better understand the force holding quarks and gluons together in atomic nuclei.
Scientists study flow patterns from heavy-ion collisions to understand fluctuations in particle behavior, aiming to calculate the properties of quark-gluon plasma. The results point to initial state influences as the primary trigger for these fluctuations, with collision energy and nucleus size also playing a role.
Physicists propose new method to confine quarks, which could reveal why matter has mass. The strong force, a fundamental force of nature, is believed to be responsible for this property. By exploring quark confinement, researchers hope to gain insights into the structure of the universe.
Theoretical calculations and experimental data from the ATLAS detector suggest that photons can create a fluid of strongly interacting particles in collisions with heavy ions. This is supported by observations of particle flow patterns similar to those seen in lead-lead and proton-lead collisions.
Scientists at Brookhaven Lab will develop a comprehensive theoretical framework for describing the interaction of heavy-flavor particles with quark-gluon plasma. The Heavy-Flavor Theory Collaboration aims to provide insights into the properties of quark-gluon plasma and its precursors in nuclear matter.
The SURGE Topical Theory Collaboration aims to develop calculations and a theoretical framework for discovering the saturated state of gluons. Scientists hope to gain deeper insight into the strong force and gluons' role in generating hadron properties.
The US Department of Energy has awarded $35 million in grants to three joint projects between Nuclear Physics and Advanced Scientific Computing Research programs. These projects aim to optimize software tools for calculations of quantum chromodynamics, which describes the structure of protons and neutrons, using powerful supercomputers...
Researchers at UNH tested state-of-the-art calculations of the strong force with an experiment probing proton spin, finding agreement with one but not the other. The findings provide a benchmark for testing the strong force and its applications in future technology.
Researchers have developed a new model that combines nuclear physics and string theory to describe the transition to dense and hot quark matter in neutron star collisions. The model allows for the calculation of gravitational-wave signals, showing that both hot and cold quark matter can be produced.
Nuclear physicists have confirmed a bump in the data of proton structure measurements, revealing an unexplained spike in electric polarizability. The anomaly is puzzling experts, who believe it may indicate an unknown facet of the strong force at work.
Recent CERN experiments provide evidence for the existence of new particles called pentaquarks, which consist of four quarks and one antiquark. The discovery raises the possibility that a whole new class of matter is at the cusp of being discovered.
Scientists studying particle collisions at RHIC observed signs of gluon saturation in heavier nuclei, with suppression of back-to-back pairs increasing with larger nucleus size. The results support theoretical models and provide insight into the behavior of gluons in dense nuclear matter.
Researchers at Jefferson Lab have extracted the strength of the strong force, a quantity that supports theories accounting for 99% of ordinary mass. They found that strong force coupling grows quickly before leveling off and becoming constant with increasing distance between affected bodies.
A postdoctoral researcher uses computational tools to characterize light mesons, shedding light on the strong interaction and its role in binding quarks. The study aims to improve understanding of how matter stays together and bridge the gap between experimentalists and theorists.
Alexander Austregesilo, a staff scientist at Jefferson Lab, has been awarded a $2.5 million grant to study novel forms of nuclear matter within the spectrum of hadrons. He aims to develop new tools and resources to analyze large datasets generated by the GlueX experiment in search of exotic particles or hints of their existence.
Scientists studying particle collisions at RHIC have identified a specific mechanism for jet quenching, where individual quarks emit gluons as they interact with the QGP. The results provide new insight into the properties of quark-gluon plasma, which filled the early universe.
A new study proposes a mathematical tool to understand the fractal structure of quark-gluon plasma, which is formed in high-energy collisions. The fractal structure explains some phenomena seen in these collisions, including particle momentum distributions that follow Tsallis statistics.
The MARATHON experiment has accessed new details about the particles that build our universe by comparing mirror nuclei helium-3 and tritium. The results provided a precise determination of the ratio of proton/neutron structure function ratios, offering new insights into the internal structures of protons and neutrons.
Physicists have detected X particles in quark-gluon plasma produced in the Large Hadron Collider, a phenomenon that could reveal the particles' unknown structure. The discovery uses machine-learning techniques to sift through massive datasets and identify decay patterns characteristic of X particles.