Articles tagged with Theoretical Physics
Scientists from Stanford University and Google Quantum AI have successfully created a time crystal, a new phase of matter that repeats in time without energy input. The achievement opens up opportunities to explore new regimes in condensed matter physics, providing insight into non-equilibrium quantum systems.
Physicists investigate the act of measuring a quantum particle, revealing that non-linear models can reconcile quantum behavior with classical measurement outcomes. The study sheds light on the elusive crossover between quantum physics and the everyday world.
Researchers from diverse fields have converged on a new definition of quantum nanoscience, placing coherence at its center. The review highlights the nanoscale's role in harnessing useful quantum effects, with applications for industries and governments.
A study by Professor Carl Mungan dispels the myth that a car will leave the ground at the crest of a hill. The research highlights the importance of normal force and speed decrease on inclines, revealing that cars will not lose contact with the road at the top of a smooth hill.
Researchers at TRIUMF's IRIS group have discovered an unexpected deformation in the nucleus of helium-8, which challenges current understanding of nuclear shell dynamics. The study provides a unique energy fingerprint of the reaction products, revealing a significant deformation in the arrangement of outer neutrons.
Physicists from Exeter and Zaragoza develop a theory to engineer non-reciprocal flows of quantum light and matter, paving the way for novel devices with directional character. This breakthrough may lead to the creation of quantum technologies requiring efficient, directional energy transfer.
Scientists confirm existence of sigma-hole, a phenomenon previously predicted but never directly observed. This breakthrough enables understanding of interactions between individual atoms or molecules, facilitating refinement of material and structural properties.
Researchers use NASA's MMS data to study micro-scale physics in the Earth's magnetotail, revealing a key component missing from existing models: an ambipolar electric field. This discovery challenges existing understanding of thin current sheets and provides new insights into space weather
An international research team has measured neutron form factors with previously unattained precision, filling a blank space on the map. The new data provides a more comprehensive picture of the neutron's size and lifetime, and reveals oscillating patterns in its form factor.
Theoretical physicists modelled the region around M87's supermassive black hole, confirming that gravity plays a key role in accelerating particles out to thousands of light years. The findings provide further evidence for Einstein's theory of general relativity and its application to astrophysical phenomena.
Theorists have observed a rare phenomenon called the quantum anomalous Hall effect in bilayer graphene, a naturally occurring, two-atom thin layer of carbon atoms. The researchers found eight different ground states exhibiting ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity simultaneously.
Researchers at TU Wien have successfully explained the electronic structure of nickelates, a new class of superconductors. By comparing theory and experiment, they determined important parameters of these materials, paving the way for improving their superconductivity at higher temperatures.
The attoscience community has clarified points of tension through discussions among researchers, exploring the scope and nature of analytical and ab-initio approaches. Researchers also investigated the physical observables of quantum tunnelling experiments, aiming to explain differing conclusions.
Researchers estimate that the visible universe contains approximately 6 times 10 to the power of 80 bits of information. This numerical prediction offers a potential avenue toward experimental testing and refining predictions, including research into the hypothesis that information is the fifth state of matter in the universe.
Researchers at Skoltech extend the adiabatic theorem to finite temperatures, ensuring more stable quantum dynamics. The findings have significant implications for next-generation quantum devices and computing.
Brookhaven Lab particle physicist Kétévi Assamagan has been elected as an APS Fellow for his significant contributions to the Standard Model Higgs boson research. He is also recognized for leading physics outreach programs, including founding the African School of Fundamental Physics and Applications.
Scientists have made the second-ever measurement of the free neutron lifetime from space, reducing uncertainty by an order of magnitude. This method could bring to an end a decades-long puzzle in fundamental physics and potentially reveal new physics beyond the standard model.
Researchers discovered ultrafast coupled atomic vibrations in few-layer hexagonal boron nitride, resulting in a frequency down-shift of the optical phonons. The study also reveals a nonlinear optical effect that can be induced by moderate power light, holding potential for optoelectronic applications.
The PHAse Space MApping experiment, a complex plasma physics research project at WVU, aims to study the motion of ions and electrons in plasmas. The facility can measure three-dimensional motion at very small scales and is capable of performing detailed measurements.
Physicists have developed a groundbreaking theory, LaMET, to calculate the quark and gluon structure of protons traveling at the speed of light. This breakthrough resolves limitations in existing lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) theories, allowing for predictions on proton structure that can be tested by future experiments.
Using observations, lab experiments, theory, and computation, researchers have developed a simple theory to explain the form and growth of apples' cusp-like features. The team found that mechanical instability and underlying fruit anatomy play joint roles in giving rise to multiple cusps in fruits.
Researchers found that quantum mechanics' influence on particles affects light emission, demonstrating wavefunction collapse and altering interference patterns. The study sheds new light on the counter-intuitive phenomenon, revealing a direct connection between light emission and quantum entanglement.
Scientists from Skoltech and the University of Southampton created an all-optical lattice that houses polaritons, quasiparticles with half-light and half-matter properties. They demonstrated breakthrough results for condensed matter physics and flatband engineering.
The 2021 Fall Meeting of the APS Division of Nuclear Physics presents cutting-edge research on nuclear astrophysics, quantum technology, and rare isotopes. Researchers will discuss breakthroughs such as the most precise measurement of neutron lifetime and novel experiments measuring neutron skin in calcium.
Researchers at the University of Göttingen have discovered a novel type of ordering effect generated and sustained by steady shear deformation. They found that under sufficient driving force, an interesting ordering effect emerges, revealing a hidden order in the force directions.
The NSF has renewed the Physics of Living Systems graduate research network at Rice for five years, connecting students and educators across institutions to share resources and data. The award will fund local expenses and training programs, as well as efforts to grow faculty and student numbers in the field.
A new experimental method tracks the motion of fibers instead of particles to reveal previously hidden information about turbulent flows. The researchers developed an innovative solution using rigid fibers, which allowed them to measure the speed and direction of flow at two points a fixed distance apart.
Researchers have found that certain peptides can target the internal mechanisms of bacteria, making them effective against antibiotic-resistant microbes. The study suggests that these peptides could be used to design therapeutic agents that succeed where standard antibiotics fail.
Researchers discovered that amyloid beta peptides, which form gummy plaques in Alzheimer's disease, go through several intermediate stages of frustration as they dock and lock to growing fibrils. This suggests that drugs might be developed to stabilize the fibril tips and block further aggregation by targeting the 'Achilles' heel' of f...
A new study reveals the emergence of magnetism in a 2D organic material due to strong electron-electron interactions in its unique star-like atomic-scale structure. The findings have potential applications in next-generation electronics based on organic nanomaterials.
Researchers used a groundbreaking technique to study silicon crystals and neutron particles, revealing new information about a possible fifth force of nature. The study achieved fourfold improvement in precision measurement of the silicon crystal structure factor.
Researchers at Dartmouth College have developed a theory that produces and detects light in a vacuum, challenging classical physics. The experiment uses an accelerating diamond membrane to create photons, which are then amplified by multiple photon detectors.
A City University of Hong Kong physicist has observed the first unpaired singular Weyl magnetic monopole in a specific kind of single crystalline solid, defying the Nielsen-Ninomiya no-go theorem. The discovery opens up new avenues for understanding bulk topological properties and potential applications in spintronics.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have discovered that bacteria can adapt to changing environments by learning statistical regularities, enabling them to predict the future faster than traditional evolutionary methods. The study reveals a simple regulatory architecture that allows bacteria to process information and mak...
Researchers at the University of Tokyo have made a surprising discovery about the behavior of electrons in iron-based superconducting materials. They found that the electrons form a nematicity wave, which could help them understand how electrons interact with each other in superconductors and lead to new discoveries.
Physicists have successfully tested the theory of generalized hydrodynamics in one-dimensional gases, demonstrating its accuracy in simulating out-of-equilibrium quantum systems. This breakthrough could greatly simplify the study of such systems and eventually inform the development of quantum-based technologies.
Researchers have found exotic topological features in soft matter, a discovery that challenges our understanding of physics. The study reveals that such features are widespread and can be observed in everyday environments, including living organisms.
Researchers will develop a framework for predicting high-Tc superconductors using first-principles calculations and machine learning. The goal is to create affordable and malleable materials that could revolutionize the power industry.
Researchers at GIST develop a non-contact, nondestructive approach to characterize crystal structures in thin films, shedding light on surface symmetries in SrRuO3. The technique offers a platform for structural characterization of surfaces and interfaces using optical techniques.
Physicists have established a fundamental limitation of light confinement in nano-scale systems, with a critical dimension threshold of around 250nm. This discovery has implications for various fields such as material science and quantum technologies.
Physicists at the University of Tokyo have created a new spectroscopic method, Rabi-oscillation spectroscopy, to study exotic atoms and improve our understanding of the material universe. This technique allows for faster observation and greater precision than conventional methods.
Researchers at NIST have created a quantum crystal sensor that can measure electric fields with unprecedented sensitivity, potentially revolutionizing dark matter detection. By entangling the mechanical motion and electronic properties of tiny ions, the sensor can detect subtle vibrations caused by dark matter particles.
Researchers from Trinity College Dublin have made significant progress in developing a recipe for entirely renewable energy by splitting water to produce green hydrogen. The team has identified nine earth-abundant metal combinations as highly promising leads for experimental investigation, with chromium, manganese, and iron standing ou...
Researchers aim to detect gravitational wave signals with frequencies 11 orders of magnitude below those detected by LIGO. The NANOGrav center will use radio pulsars and telescopes to search for a 'chorus' of signals from super-massive black hole mergers.
Physicist Generalized the Measurement Postulate in Quantum Mechanics, explaining state collapse and partial measurement, supported by the WISE interpretation and delayed choice experiment. The paper proposes a new understanding of wavefunction and its relation to the quantum system.
Researchers demonstrate Slater mechanism using pyrochlore oxide, a compound with minimal other metal-insulator transition mechanisms. The study provides new insights into fundamental questions about material behavior and has potential applications in spintronics.
A study published in Nature Communications analyzed 360 million real-world ride requests from New York City and Chicago, revealing two adoption patterns that depend on demand. When demand is high, passengers are more likely to book a solo ride despite lower comfort levels.
Researchers investigate the limits of quantum theory in describing an observer's experience, leading to a 'no-go theorem' for the persistent reality of Wigner's friend perception. The study challenges traditional assumptions about the nature of reality and raises questions about the reliability of an observer's predictions.
A low-cost box fan air cleaner can greatly decrease airborne virus particles in public school classrooms by drawing in contaminated air and filtering out clean air. Placing the air cleaner near an HUV or other ventilation unit is most effective in reducing aerosol spread.
Researchers from University of Illinois at Chicago and Iowa State University cracked a forensic puzzle by exploring the fluid physics involved in a 2009 murder case. They found that backward blood spatter droplets can be entrained within a turbulent vortex ring of muzzle gases, potentially leaving shooter clothing bloodstain-free.
Researchers have created a theoretical model that accurately predicts the neural activity of a mouse brain without requiring fine-tuning. The model uses critical phenomena to explain phase transitions in physical systems and may have applications for studying complex dynamical systems.
A new theoretical calculation of the muon magnetic moment has reduced the discrepancy with experimental measurements, but sparks debate on the standard model's fate. The calculation, involving CNRS physicists, used precise measurements made with electron-positron colliders and European supercomputers.
Researchers estimated muon's magnetic field strength using a fully verified theory independent of experimental measurements. The result aligns with the standard model of particle physics, suggesting no need for new physics to explain the phenomenon.
A new theoretical framework has broad implications for active surfaces, such as biofilms and mechanisms for pathogen clearance. The researchers developed a model that predicts the transport of molecules inside cells or close to active surfaces.
A low-cost, mass-producible ventilator designed by the Mechanical Ventilator Milano collaboration has been developed to address the worldwide shortage of ventilators during the COVID-19 pandemic. The design features a simplified system with reduced functionality compared to typical ventilators, resulting in lower production costs.
Eukaryotic cells use distillation-like processes to deliver molecules to correct destinations, with two spontaneous mechanisms working together. The process is optimized by specific parameters that ensure effective delivery of essential substances.
Magnetic whirls, known as skyrmions, exhibit particle-like properties when confined to geometric structures. The researchers discovered that the stability of skyrmions varies greatly depending on their arrangement within these structures, with certain patterns resulting in high stability and mobility.
A Swansea University scientist's research explores how geometrical characteristics affect physical theories, revealing the need for contextual understanding in quantum mechanics. The study determines the structural properties that make a theory prone to contextuality.
Convection may be to blame for stuck-on food in nonstick pans due to temperature gradients and surface tension changes. Researchers determined conditions that lead to dry spots, including decreasing film thickness and size of deformed region below critical values.
Researchers found that air purifiers in elevators can increase saliva droplet dispersal and spread COVID-19. Installing an air purifier alters airflow significantly but does not eliminate airborne transmission.