Articles tagged with Theoretical Physics
Scientists have made the second-ever measurement of the free neutron lifetime from space, reducing uncertainty by an order of magnitude. This method could bring to an end a decades-long puzzle in fundamental physics and potentially reveal new physics beyond the standard model.
Researchers discovered ultrafast coupled atomic vibrations in few-layer hexagonal boron nitride, resulting in a frequency down-shift of the optical phonons. The study also reveals a nonlinear optical effect that can be induced by moderate power light, holding potential for optoelectronic applications.
The PHAse Space MApping experiment, a complex plasma physics research project at WVU, aims to study the motion of ions and electrons in plasmas. The facility can measure three-dimensional motion at very small scales and is capable of performing detailed measurements.
Physicists have developed a groundbreaking theory, LaMET, to calculate the quark and gluon structure of protons traveling at the speed of light. This breakthrough resolves limitations in existing lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) theories, allowing for predictions on proton structure that can be tested by future experiments.
Researchers found that quantum mechanics' influence on particles affects light emission, demonstrating wavefunction collapse and altering interference patterns. The study sheds new light on the counter-intuitive phenomenon, revealing a direct connection between light emission and quantum entanglement.
Using observations, lab experiments, theory, and computation, researchers have developed a simple theory to explain the form and growth of apples' cusp-like features. The team found that mechanical instability and underlying fruit anatomy play joint roles in giving rise to multiple cusps in fruits.
Scientists from Skoltech and the University of Southampton created an all-optical lattice that houses polaritons, quasiparticles with half-light and half-matter properties. They demonstrated breakthrough results for condensed matter physics and flatband engineering.
The 2021 Fall Meeting of the APS Division of Nuclear Physics presents cutting-edge research on nuclear astrophysics, quantum technology, and rare isotopes. Researchers will discuss breakthroughs such as the most precise measurement of neutron lifetime and novel experiments measuring neutron skin in calcium.
The NSF has renewed the Physics of Living Systems graduate research network at Rice for five years, connecting students and educators across institutions to share resources and data. The award will fund local expenses and training programs, as well as efforts to grow faculty and student numbers in the field.
Researchers at the University of Göttingen have discovered a novel type of ordering effect generated and sustained by steady shear deformation. They found that under sufficient driving force, an interesting ordering effect emerges, revealing a hidden order in the force directions.
A new experimental method tracks the motion of fibers instead of particles to reveal previously hidden information about turbulent flows. The researchers developed an innovative solution using rigid fibers, which allowed them to measure the speed and direction of flow at two points a fixed distance apart.
Researchers have found that certain peptides can target the internal mechanisms of bacteria, making them effective against antibiotic-resistant microbes. The study suggests that these peptides could be used to design therapeutic agents that succeed where standard antibiotics fail.
Researchers discovered that amyloid beta peptides, which form gummy plaques in Alzheimer's disease, go through several intermediate stages of frustration as they dock and lock to growing fibrils. This suggests that drugs might be developed to stabilize the fibril tips and block further aggregation by targeting the 'Achilles' heel' of f...
A new study reveals the emergence of magnetism in a 2D organic material due to strong electron-electron interactions in its unique star-like atomic-scale structure. The findings have potential applications in next-generation electronics based on organic nanomaterials.
Researchers used a groundbreaking technique to study silicon crystals and neutron particles, revealing new information about a possible fifth force of nature. The study achieved fourfold improvement in precision measurement of the silicon crystal structure factor.
Researchers at Dartmouth College have developed a theory that produces and detects light in a vacuum, challenging classical physics. The experiment uses an accelerating diamond membrane to create photons, which are then amplified by multiple photon detectors.
A City University of Hong Kong physicist has observed the first unpaired singular Weyl magnetic monopole in a specific kind of single crystalline solid, defying the Nielsen-Ninomiya no-go theorem. The discovery opens up new avenues for understanding bulk topological properties and potential applications in spintronics.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have discovered that bacteria can adapt to changing environments by learning statistical regularities, enabling them to predict the future faster than traditional evolutionary methods. The study reveals a simple regulatory architecture that allows bacteria to process information and mak...
Researchers at the University of Tokyo have made a surprising discovery about the behavior of electrons in iron-based superconducting materials. They found that the electrons form a nematicity wave, which could help them understand how electrons interact with each other in superconductors and lead to new discoveries.
Physicists have successfully tested the theory of generalized hydrodynamics in one-dimensional gases, demonstrating its accuracy in simulating out-of-equilibrium quantum systems. This breakthrough could greatly simplify the study of such systems and eventually inform the development of quantum-based technologies.
Researchers have found exotic topological features in soft matter, a discovery that challenges our understanding of physics. The study reveals that such features are widespread and can be observed in everyday environments, including living organisms.
Researchers will develop a framework for predicting high-Tc superconductors using first-principles calculations and machine learning. The goal is to create affordable and malleable materials that could revolutionize the power industry.
Researchers at GIST develop a non-contact, nondestructive approach to characterize crystal structures in thin films, shedding light on surface symmetries in SrRuO3. The technique offers a platform for structural characterization of surfaces and interfaces using optical techniques.
Physicists have established a fundamental limitation of light confinement in nano-scale systems, with a critical dimension threshold of around 250nm. This discovery has implications for various fields such as material science and quantum technologies.
Physicists at the University of Tokyo have created a new spectroscopic method, Rabi-oscillation spectroscopy, to study exotic atoms and improve our understanding of the material universe. This technique allows for faster observation and greater precision than conventional methods.
Researchers at NIST have created a quantum crystal sensor that can measure electric fields with unprecedented sensitivity, potentially revolutionizing dark matter detection. By entangling the mechanical motion and electronic properties of tiny ions, the sensor can detect subtle vibrations caused by dark matter particles.
Researchers from Trinity College Dublin have made significant progress in developing a recipe for entirely renewable energy by splitting water to produce green hydrogen. The team has identified nine earth-abundant metal combinations as highly promising leads for experimental investigation, with chromium, manganese, and iron standing ou...
Researchers aim to detect gravitational wave signals with frequencies 11 orders of magnitude below those detected by LIGO. The NANOGrav center will use radio pulsars and telescopes to search for a 'chorus' of signals from super-massive black hole mergers.
Physicist Generalized the Measurement Postulate in Quantum Mechanics, explaining state collapse and partial measurement, supported by the WISE interpretation and delayed choice experiment. The paper proposes a new understanding of wavefunction and its relation to the quantum system.
Researchers demonstrate Slater mechanism using pyrochlore oxide, a compound with minimal other metal-insulator transition mechanisms. The study provides new insights into fundamental questions about material behavior and has potential applications in spintronics.
A study published in Nature Communications analyzed 360 million real-world ride requests from New York City and Chicago, revealing two adoption patterns that depend on demand. When demand is high, passengers are more likely to book a solo ride despite lower comfort levels.
Researchers investigate the limits of quantum theory in describing an observer's experience, leading to a 'no-go theorem' for the persistent reality of Wigner's friend perception. The study challenges traditional assumptions about the nature of reality and raises questions about the reliability of an observer's predictions.
A low-cost box fan air cleaner can greatly decrease airborne virus particles in public school classrooms by drawing in contaminated air and filtering out clean air. Placing the air cleaner near an HUV or other ventilation unit is most effective in reducing aerosol spread.
Researchers from University of Illinois at Chicago and Iowa State University cracked a forensic puzzle by exploring the fluid physics involved in a 2009 murder case. They found that backward blood spatter droplets can be entrained within a turbulent vortex ring of muzzle gases, potentially leaving shooter clothing bloodstain-free.
Researchers have created a theoretical model that accurately predicts the neural activity of a mouse brain without requiring fine-tuning. The model uses critical phenomena to explain phase transitions in physical systems and may have applications for studying complex dynamical systems.
A new theoretical calculation of the muon magnetic moment has reduced the discrepancy with experimental measurements, but sparks debate on the standard model's fate. The calculation, involving CNRS physicists, used precise measurements made with electron-positron colliders and European supercomputers.
Researchers estimated muon's magnetic field strength using a fully verified theory independent of experimental measurements. The result aligns with the standard model of particle physics, suggesting no need for new physics to explain the phenomenon.
A new theoretical framework has broad implications for active surfaces, such as biofilms and mechanisms for pathogen clearance. The researchers developed a model that predicts the transport of molecules inside cells or close to active surfaces.
A low-cost, mass-producible ventilator designed by the Mechanical Ventilator Milano collaboration has been developed to address the worldwide shortage of ventilators during the COVID-19 pandemic. The design features a simplified system with reduced functionality compared to typical ventilators, resulting in lower production costs.
Eukaryotic cells use distillation-like processes to deliver molecules to correct destinations, with two spontaneous mechanisms working together. The process is optimized by specific parameters that ensure effective delivery of essential substances.
Magnetic whirls, known as skyrmions, exhibit particle-like properties when confined to geometric structures. The researchers discovered that the stability of skyrmions varies greatly depending on their arrangement within these structures, with certain patterns resulting in high stability and mobility.
A Swansea University scientist's research explores how geometrical characteristics affect physical theories, revealing the need for contextual understanding in quantum mechanics. The study determines the structural properties that make a theory prone to contextuality.
Convection may be to blame for stuck-on food in nonstick pans due to temperature gradients and surface tension changes. Researchers determined conditions that lead to dry spots, including decreasing film thickness and size of deformed region below critical values.
Researchers found that air purifiers in elevators can increase saliva droplet dispersal and spread COVID-19. Installing an air purifier alters airflow significantly but does not eliminate airborne transmission.
A new research project aims to control electron flow in semimetals, enabling the development of novel quantum sensors. The TOPREL project will unify theoretical foundations from various physics areas, unleashing the potential of semimetals.
The discovery uses a deep residual neural net trained on real data to uncover warped and stretched images of distant galaxies. The new lenses provide astronomers with targets to measure fundamental properties of the Universe, including the Hubble constant.
Researchers at the University of Innsbruck have successfully entangled two quantum bits coded on a lattice, a crucial resource for quantum computers. This achievement demonstrates key technology for future fault-tolerant quantum computers using lattice surgery.
Researchers from the University of Münster and Düsseldorf provide an in-depth summary of the dynamical density functional theory, a method used to describe interacting particles. The article covers various branches of physics and applications in chemistry, solid state physics, and biophysics.
Researchers describe a physical phenomenon in quantum dots and nanoscale materials using new mathematical formulas. The theories predict electrons interact through two different ways, contributing to the Kondo effect.
Computational simulations reveal that fast walking in narrow corridors creates a higher transmission risk for COVID-19. The shape of the space and airflow patterns behind an individual playing a significant role in this outcome. Children are particularly vulnerable due to the trailing of virus-laden droplets at mouth level.
A team of French scientists has measured the fine-structure constant with unprecedented precision, achieving an accuracy of 11 significant digits. The new value opens up new possibilities for testing the Standard Model's theoretical predictions and shedding light on fundamental questions such as dark matter.
A RUDN University physicist created a software solution to identify the instability regions of black holes, ensuring their mathematical models are physically viable. The approach uses Einstein's equation with added corrections and identifies critical coupling constants that affect model stability.
Researchers have found a way to circumvent a centuries-old theory that allows them to effectively cancel magnetic fields. This breakthrough has practical benefits for various fields like medicine, quantum technology, and neuroscience.
Researchers identify 'dumbbell-like' structures in DNA that link to genes with flexible domains, suggesting a connection between chromosome structure and gene expression. The discovery promises new avenues for research into the secrets of chromosomes.
Researchers discovered pine needle fibers are better at shedding water than circular fibers, retaining less moisture. This evolution is advantageous as it prevents photosynthesis from being blocked by rainwater.
Uber drivers use dynamic price mechanisms to attract more customers and increase revenue. The researchers analyzed price data from 59 cities worldwide and found that the strategy is often used in airports and exhibition centers.
Researchers have experimentally observed effective gravity and two-time physics in ferrofluid-based hyperbolic metamaterials, paving the way for ultra-fast all-optical hypercomputing. This phenomenon has potential applications in time-sensitive fields such as real-time computing and target recognition.
Researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz engineered a system of magnetic whirls to form a regularly ordered state, akin to crystalization in two dimensions. This breakthrough demonstrates the emergence of a hexatic phase, exhibiting properties similar to hard discs.
A newly published paper introduces a formal theoretical framework from first principles, enabling researchers to predict the fascinating properties of coupled photonic systems before numerically simulating them. The theory allows for the design and prediction of line-shapes with desired near-field and far-field properties.
Researchers developed a framework to analyze entropy in quantum systems, allowing for control over measurements and improving the quality of quantum computer readouts. The study demonstrates the importance of understanding the link between thermodynamics and quantum measurements.