Articles tagged with Photography
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at the University of Kansas have developed two novel imaging procedures that enable better, more useful digital pictures of Earth's biodiversity. The techniques involve 'cleared and stained' specimens and fluorescent microscopy, allowing scientists to capture intricate anatomical structures in new ways.
A recent study published in Journal of Evolutionary Biology found that nocturnal fishes have larger eyes than day-active species, but smaller optic tecta, indicating a trade-off in brain power. This adaptation allows them to detect movement and navigate in low-light conditions.
A team of scientists, led by Madalena Kozachuk, has recovered two previously hidden daguerreotype images from the National Gallery of Canada's photography research unit. The images, taken possibly as early as 1850, were damaged due to tarnish and other degradation, but were restored using synchrotron technology.
Researchers at the Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium and the University of Liège used high-resolution photography, X-ray radiography imaging, and X-Ray Fluorescence spectroscopy to analyze a recovered quarter of the painting and propose a virtual colorization. The study found that the deepest blue layer in the painting is presumed ...
Saarland University researchers developed a light field camera system that captures images from multiple angles, allowing for new shots of movements and post-processing capabilities. The system uses 64 cameras and can shoot up to 40 frames per second, with the ability to selectively replace individual image areas.
The study uses archaeological evidence and physics-based processes to describe how the islanders placed the hats on the statues. The researchers propose that workers would rotate, leverage, and pivot the hats onto the statue tops using small wooden levers.
Researchers at Stockholm University have discovered correlated motion in water dynamics on a sub-100 femtosecond timescale, indicating a complex network of hydrogen bonds that play a role even on ultrafast timescales. The study reveals the coordinated dance of water molecules due to the formation of tetrahedral structures.
Researchers at UCLA Samueli School of Engineering have demonstrated that deep learning can enhance microscopic details in photos taken by smartphones, approaching the quality of laboratory-grade microscopes. This technique could bring high-quality medical diagnostics to resource-poor regions, using inexpensively produced attachments.
A study by Caleb Warren and colleagues found that participants rated smiling models as cooler than inexpressive models in print advertisements. The exception was competitive situations where an inexpressive athlete was rated more cool and dominant.
Scientists solved the mystery of purple lights in the sky using data from citizen scientists, satellites and researchers. The discovery provides insight into Earth's magnetic field and its interaction with charged particles in space.
Researchers use GIRI to deconstruct rock samples and create three-dimensional digital versions of fossils, allowing for accurate analysis without human bias. This technology has enabled scientists to reevaluate the role of ancient organisms in shaping early ecosystems.
Researchers from UC3M and BQ will develop a new camera system leveraging artificial intelligence to enhance photographic quality and identify visual patterns. The collaboration aims to foster education, training, and innovation in AI research and its applications.
A national survey found that many Americans support denying service to same-sex couples, but not necessarily due to religious reasons. The study also discovered surprising strong support for denying service to interracial couples, highlighting a disconnect between public views and anti-discrimination laws.
A University at Buffalo-led team of researchers has discovered a way to identify smartphones using just one photo, which could lead to new authentication methods and deter cybercrime. The technology analyzes pattern noise in digital images to create a unique identifier for each smartphone camera.
Researchers at Tel-Aviv University and Facebook develop a computational technique to animate still images with realistic facial expressions and emotions. The method enables subjects in a photo to come to life, expressing various emotions through subtle variations in facial expressions.
A study published in JAMA Dermatology found that high-quality photographs taken by parents with their smartphones can accurately diagnose pediatric skin conditions without an office visit. The results showed a 83% agreement between photograph-based and in-person diagnoses, paving the way for improved access to care through telemedicine.
Researchers trained sheep to recognize celebrity faces and found they could identify their handler's face without prior training. The study suggests sheep have advanced face recognition abilities, comparable to those of humans and monkeys.
A new imaging technique enables precise digitization of clear objects and their surroundings, useful for movie production, virtual reality, and material design. The method uses a robotic arm to record camera locations and combine photographs with CT scans, allowing for pixel-by-pixel comparison and accurate material properties analysis.
Researchers have developed a method using the coffee-ring effect to analyze multiple components in a single drop of water easily and quickly. The technique provides a cost-effective alternative to traditional methods, which can be overwhelming and expensive for individuals to conduct at home.
Researchers at Caltech simulated earthquakes in a lab to measure dynamic friction and its impact on seismic events. They found that slip velocity is the key factor in dynamic friction, contradicting previous assumptions.
Researchers from MIT and Google developed a machine-learning system that can retouch images in real-time, producing visually indistinguishable results from existing algorithms. The system processes low-resolution images, reducing time and energy consumption, and can be applied to a range of styles, including high-dynamic-range images.
Cinematic rendering technology produces photorealistic 3D images from CT and MRI data, enhancing medical education, patient-physician communication, and early disease detection. The technique has potential applications in surgical planning and improves physician-patient relationships.
A new system called Computational Zoom enables photographers to compose images post-capture by controlling object positions and sizes. This allows for novel image compositions, including automatically combining wide-angle and telephoto perspectives into a single multi-perspective image.
Ramesh Raskar has made significant impact in computational imaging, light transport and augmented reality with techniques like femto-photography. His work has led to applications such as EyeNetra, a low-cost technique to measure human refractive error and prescribe eyeglasses.
A new microscopy technique reveals ultra-fast vortex dynamics in superconducting materials, with vortices traveling at rates of tens of GHz and velocities up to 72,000 km/hr. This breakthrough offers insights into fundamental physics of vortex dynamics, crucial for many applications.
A recent study by the University of Warwick found that around one-third of manipulated images went undetected, with participants only spotting 65% of manipulated photos. The research suggests people have an extremely limited ability to detect and locate manipulations in real-world scenes.
A KAIST research team identified a software glitch in smartphones' screen rotation-tracking algorithms as the cause of frequent document photo orientation errors. Their novel technique can correct phone orientation in document-capturing tasks at 93% accuracy and seamlessly work with existing methods.
A new face-aging technique uses sparse partial least squares to create photographic-quality images of faces at different ages. The method, developed by University of Bradford researchers, has been shown to be more accurate than existing techniques and could improve search efforts for missing people.
Researchers found that a visual illusion occurs when daylight hits the object from above, creating shading that alters its shape to the human eye, making it appear out-of-place. Computer-generated images demonstrated this effect, revealing why some people perceive images of objects like wind turbine blades as 'fakes',
A new study by University of Missouri researchers reveals that cultural values of photojournalists' home countries influence the framing of international events. The study analyzed over 400 photographs from Pope Francis's 2015 visit to Cuba, finding differences in camera angles and news priorities between media outlets from the US, UK,...
Researchers developed a neural network-based method to stylize photos without losing original image details. The technique uses deep machine learning to preserve boundaries and edges while transferring styles.
A comprehensive population assessment of Chinese white dolphins in Hong Kong waters reveals a significantly higher number than previously reported. The study used photographic mark-recapture technique to estimate the overall number of dolphins using Hong Kong waters during the study period.
A web-based survey of 483 observers found that photographs of female patients after face-lift surgery were rated as more youthful, attractive, successful and healthy. The study's findings suggest that face-lift surgery can have a significant impact on how women are perceived by others.
A custom-made software package called Identifin has been developed to standardize data collection for great white sharks. The software uses image recognition technology to match dorsal fin images and provides a user-friendly database for researchers to access.
Researchers propose using portable instruments, spectroscopic techniques, and weathering cells to develop strategies for better artwork preservation. Non-invasive techniques like X-ray radiography, infrared photography, and X-ray fluorescence enable the detailed investigation of historical paints' chemical composition.
Researchers from GFZ GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam developed a new method called 'erosion painting' to visualize erosion rates. By applying paint patterns on rock surfaces and monitoring their removal over time, scientists can analyze the spatial distribution and intensity of erosive processes.
A recent study by the University of Pennsylvania found that cigarette packaging warning labels with images of real smokers who were harmed by their habit increased quit attempts and success rates. The study, which tested pictorial warning labels, showed that these labels consistently outperformed text-only labels.
Scientists have discovered a new way to study the atomic structure of materials, revealing the existence of 'polarons' that affect the flow of current. The ultrafast electron diffraction technique captures subtle lattice distortions, showing that electrons and atoms move cooperatively, driving deformations in the material's lattice.
The new CHIRPT microscope enables deep-tissue imaging in three dimensions with better depth of field than comparable techniques, reaching 600 frames per second. This allows for sharp, 3-D images of cells or tissue over a larger volume than conventional fluorescence microscopy methods.
A new research project from Plymouth University aims to enhance social acceptance for prisoners through wider community engagement. The Photographic electronic Narrative (PeN) project will enable trainees to create a visual, self-reflexive narrative of their resettlement journey and engage the wider community in this process.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed a new method to transform individual selfies by adjusting angles and distances, creating more realistic portraits. The tool can also alter poses and generate 3-D head shots, with potential applications including 'live' photos that seem to move uncannily.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed a new method to transform individual selfies by adjusting angles and distances, creating more realistic images. The tool can also be used to generate 3-D head shots and potentially even create 'live' photos that seem to move.
A new system called Dreambit predicts how a person would look with different hairstyles, colors, and appearances by analyzing input photos and searching the internet for similar images. The software can also age-progress faces and help identify missing children or people evading the law.
A study published in Frontiers in Psychology found that single individuals rate dissimilar faces as more attractive and sexy than self-resembling faces. In contrast, people in relationships tend to find faces resembling their own more attractive.
A study found that American black bears can recognize visual features of objects they know in real life when presented with photographs. This ability has important implications for the use of photographs in computerized studies involving bears and their welfare.
A study published in Cognitive Processing found that taekwondo athletes excel at reading facial emotions and anticipating opponents' next moves, whereas weightlifters do not. This skill is critical in close-contact combat sports.
Researchers develop a closed formula to reduce motion blur in camera images by optimizing flutter shutter codes for any probability density of expected scene velocities. The formula links optimal codes with velocity distributions and surpasses the previously-established 1.17 bound gain for known velocities.
Researchers at NC State University have developed an algorithm that can quickly and accurately reconstruct hyperspectral images using less data. This breakthrough enables faster imaging times and reduced memory requirements, making it suitable for applications such as security, defense, environmental monitoring, and agriculture.
A Dartmouth-led study finds that people struggle to tell the difference between real and virtual images, but training boosts accuracy. The research has implications for child pornography cases, where accurate identification is crucial.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory used a Linac Coherent Light Source to observe xenon nanoparticles in extreme environments, capturing their dynamics over time. The technique allows for high-resolution imaging of materials in the gas phase, with implications for studying aerosols and combustion.
Researchers determine when coral died with precision of up to one to two years, revealing dramatic loss of coral cover near Bowen, Queensland. The study provides a benchmark for monitoring the recovery of these reefs.
A study by Rob Kuper found that people prefer landscapes with green colors and moderate complexity, especially during winter. Landscape designers can use evergreen trees, colorful berries, or plants that emerge early to create year-round visual appeal.
Researchers developed a new technique called photogeometric scene flow (PGSF) that combines three computer vision methods to capture high-quality and detailed facial features. The method produces superior results in capturing facial details, making it extremely valuable for realistic facial reconstructions.
University of Utah engineers develop a new color filter that lets in three times more light than conventional filters, resulting in cleaner and more accurate pictures taken in lowlight. The filter can be used for smartphone cameras and industrial applications.
A new bee fly species, Marleyimyia xylocopae, is described based solely on high-resolution photographs. The researchers emphasize the importance of alternative methods in species description due to difficulties in obtaining permits for collecting specimens.
Seventy-five years after the start of the WWII Blitz, Herbert Mason's portrait of St. Paul's Cathedral stands as an enduring symbol of Britain's resilience amidst destruction. The iconic image has been widely reproduced and continues to have a lasting impact on visual shorthand for momentous events.
A team of engineers at Duke University has successfully demonstrated a previously unrecognized 3D imaging capability using modern digital cameras by repurposing its existing components. The research uses the image stabilization and focus modules to achieve similar results without additional hardware.
Researchers developed an algorithm to analyze and critique digital photographs' composition, providing feedback on perceived aesthetics. The system relies on psychological theories of human vision and opinions of people, helping photographers improve their work.
A new digital method developed by Dr. Giuseppe Montesanto allows for the creation of detailed and accurate scientific illustrations for taxonomy, making it easier and faster to describe new species. The method uses bitmap graphics with GIMP and produces realistic ink-made drawings.
Research finds women's faces increase in redness during ovulation, but levels are undetectable to the naked eye, challenging the idea that facial redness signals fertility; studies suggest other voluntary signals like make-up may have replaced involuntary ones