Measurement Systems
Articles tagged with Measurement Systems
Muscular strength and mortality in women ages 63 to 99
A new study published in JAMA Network Open found that muscular strength is associated with lower mortality rates in women aged 63-99. Controlling for physical activity and other factors, researchers discovered a significant link between muscle mass and reduced mortality risk.
Enhanced phase-shifting technique captures 3D shapes of moving objects with high precision
Researchers at Institute of Science Tokyo developed a neural-network-based 3D imaging technique that can precisely measure moving objects. The new method reconstructs high-resolution 3D shapes using only three projection patterns, enabling dynamic 3D measurement across various applications.
Patient care technology disruptions associated with the CrowdStrike outage
A faulty cybersecurity software update led to a widespread technology outage at US hospitals, resulting in disruptions to patient-facing network services. Internet measurement techniques may be useful for surveillance and study of critical digital health care infrastructure.
Dual-laser technique lowers Brillouin sensing frequency to 200 MHz
Researchers developed a dual-laser Brillouin optical correlation-domain reflectometry system that measures strain and temperature along an optical fiber without costly GHz equipment. The setup recorded Brillouin gain spectra at only about 200 MHz, over 50 times lower than the usual 11 GHz band.
Keck Hospital of USC receives 10th “A” Leapfrog safety grade
Keck Hospital of USC has received its 10th consecutive 'A' Leapfrog safety grade, recognizing the hospital's commitment to preventing errors and accidents. The Leapfrog Group assigns a letter grade based on over 30 performance measures reflecting the systems hospitals have in place for patient safety.
Prevention instead of reaction: Intelligent, networked systems for structural monitoring
Researchers at Graz University of Technology developed a holistic solution for structural monitoring, combining various technologies to provide usable findings for service life forecasts and proactive maintenance planning.
New system could help reduce unnecessary surgery to prevent strokes
Researchers at UCL developed a new scoring system, CAR, to identify patients with narrowed carotid arteries who can be effectively treated with optimised medical therapy. The study found low rates of recurrent strokes and heart attacks among patients treated with medication alone.
Can AI help detect cognitive impairment?
Researchers developed a portable system using AI to spot cognitive impairment by measuring subtle differences in motor function. The device accurately identified 83% of participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), offering potential for early intervention and improved outcomes.
A new, inexpensive measurement device is set to make a big splash in various industries
A new, inexpensive measurement device can measure both pressure and acceleration using a single design and method, saving costs and simplifying manufacturing. This technology has potential applications in medical care, disaster mitigation, landslide alerts, and heavy-machinery maintenance.
Study reveals gaps in healthcare quality assessments across Israel, the US, and the UK
A new study reveals striking similarities and critical gaps in how three major countries measure healthcare quality, with an emphasis on family medicine and process-focused metrics. The findings underscore the need for a more balanced approach that includes all aspects of medical care, from infrastructure to patient outcomes.
Baseline fasting glucose level, age, sex, and BMI and the development of diabetes in US adults
A retrospective cohort study of 44,000 individuals found associations between baseline fasting glucose levels, age, sex, and body mass index with the development of diabetes. The study highlights individual variation in diabetes risk according to commonly measured clinical variables, suggesting potential for targeted interventions.
Electroacupuncture-assisted ribavirin dosing for long COVID: A randomized controlled trial
This study investigated the feasibility of electroacupuncture-assisted ribavirin dosing in patients with long COVID, using Voll's electropuncture diagnostics. The results demonstrated that EAV can identify meridians with decreased electrodermal activity at acupuncture points, followed by medicament testing to measure daily doses.
Politecnico di Milano: new algorithms to estimate car emissions and promote a fair and technologically neutral ecological transition
A new monitoring system uses 'virtual sensing' to accurately estimate CO₂ and NOx emissions based on driving behavior. The system provides personalized environmental impact assessments, empowering drivers to manage their emissions.
13th ITER International School (IIS2024) gives professional training for 200 young scientists and engineers of the world, to advance nuclear fusion research on the road to commercial reactor
The 13th ITER International School (IIS2024) brings together 200 young researchers and engineers to advance nuclear fusion research. The school's theme is 'Magnetic fusion diagnostics and data science,' focusing on measurement and analysis for achieving fusion energy demonstration in the ITER project.
Wildfire smoke exposure and incident dementia
A cohort study found that long-term exposure to wildfire and fine particulate matter was associated with dementia diagnoses. The study suggests that reducing wildfire PM2.5 exposure could decrease dementia diagnoses and address health disparities.
Keck Hospital of USC earns an ‘A’ Hospital Safety Grade from The Leapfrog Group
Keck Hospital of USC has received an 'A' Hospital Safety Grade from The Leapfrog Group for the ninth consecutive year. The hospital's dedication to maintaining high standards of quality and safety is reflected in its ability to meet or exceed performance benchmarks.
Taking the “vibrational fingerprints” of molecules got 100 times faster
Scientists at the University of Tokyo have developed a new system that increases the measurement rate of Raman spectroscopy, a technique used to identify molecules. This improvement enables faster identification of molecules and cells, with applications in biomedical diagnostics and material analytics.
'Squeezing' increased accuracy out of quantum measurements
Researchers at Tohoku University have successfully applied quantum squeezing to enhance the accuracy of measurements in complex quantum systems. By reducing uncertainty in one aspect while increasing it in another, they can measure variables like position and momentum with greater precision.
Combined whole eye and face transplant
The world's first combined whole eye and face transplant has demonstrated allograft survival, including rejection-free graft survival. The transplanted eye has maintained normal pressure, good blood flow, and some remaining structure and functions in the retina. Researchers are now focused on understanding how to restore sight.
ZJU researchers address oxidation issue of copper by laser writing towards in-situ integrated sensing
Researchers from Zhejiang University have developed a hybrid laser direct writing technique that enables the creation of functional copper interconnects and carbon-based sensors within a single integrated system. The process allows for real-time temperature monitoring over extended periods, ensuring optimal performance and reliability.
Vision impairment and the population attributable fraction of dementia in older adults
Researchers found that vision impairments contribute significantly to the development of dementia in older adults, with a population attributable fraction ranging from 4.9% to 19.0%. The study highlights the importance of incorporating multiple objective measures of vision impairment into assessments to capture its impact on dementia.
Seeing the invisible: How x-ray revealing spatter behavior during 3D printing
Researchers use high-energy synchrotron X-ray to study spatter dynamics during LPBF, revealing links between vapour depression shape and spatter interactions. The study proposes strategies to minimize defects, improving the surface quality of LPBF-manufactured parts.
Smartwatch measures of outdoor exposure and nearsightedness in children
A 1-year study found that continuous outdoor exposure with high sunlight intensity was associated with less myopic shift in children. Effective outdoor exposure patterns should be prioritized to prevent myopia in children.
Variability in constituents of e-cigarette products containing nicotine analogues
Discrepancies in e-cigarette products containing nicotine analogues may lead to uncertainty about user exposure, hindering risk assessment for clinical and regulatory purposes. The largely unknown acute and chronic inhalation hazards and addictive potential of nicotine analogues pose a significant concern.
Variation in postoperative outcomes across federally designated hospital star ratings
Researchers found significant variation in surgical outcomes within each hospital star rating group, despite CMS star ratings being associated with mortality, complications, and readmissions. This study emphasizes the need for continued improvement of publicly reported hospital grade measures to accurately reflect surgical quality.
Socioecologic factors and racial differences in breast cancer prognostic scores
Research highlights socioecologic factors contributing to racial disparities in breast cancer prognostic scores, emphasizing the impact of structural racism on health outcomes. Additional research is needed to better understand the influence of social determinants on breast cancer biology among disadvantaged communities.
Screen time and parent-child talk when children are ages 12 to 36 months
A recent study published in JAMA Pediatrics found a strong negative association between screen time and parent-child talk among children aged 12-36 months. Children exposed to more screen time had fewer adult words, vocalizations, and back-and-forth interactions with parents.
Measuring the impact of AI in the diagnosis of hospitalized patients
A multicenter randomized clinical vignette survey study found that AI models, when systematically biased, reduced diagnostic accuracy. The study involved hospitalist physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants from 13 states.
Accurate snow measurement thanks to AI and satellites
Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed a new technology using satellite images and artificial intelligence to determine snow depth with high accuracy. The system can provide detailed snow distribution patterns, even for areas without existing measurements, and offers an indication of uncertainty.
Green spaces can save lives, according to urban big data
Researchers found that green spaces alleviate extreme heat's negative impacts on human health, while densely packed buildings increase mortality risk. Urban design strategies incorporating different types of greenery are recommended to mitigate heatwave-associated mortality.
Treatment rates for mental disorders among children and adolescents
A meta-analysis of 40 studies involving 310,000 youths found low treatment rates for depression and anxiety in children and adolescents. Targeted interventions to improve psychiatric disorder treatment rates are urgently required.
USPSTF recommendation on screening for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
The USPSTF recommends screening for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality. The rate of hypertensive disorders has been increasing, from approximately 500 cases per 10,000 deliveries in 1993 to 1,021 cases per 10,000 deliveries in 2016-2017.
Eye-tracking–based measurement of social visual engagement compared with expert clinical diagnosis of autism
A new study using eye-tracking technology found that it can accurately predict autism diagnoses, comparable to expert clinical diagnosis. The research suggests potential for earlier diagnosis and assessment of autism in routine practice.
Measurements of social visual engagement to aid early diagnosis and assessment of autism
Researchers used objective eye-tracking technology to quantify social visual engagement in young children, revealing its potential as a tool for autism diagnosis. The findings suggest that these measurements can help identify individual levels of social disability and provide insights into verbal and nonverbal abilities.
Accuracy of AI in estimating best-corrected visual acuity from fundus photographs in eyes with diabetic macular edema
Researchers developed an AI model to estimate best-corrected visual acuity from fundus photographs in patients with diabetic macular edema, achieving accuracy within one to two lines on a standard chart. The study's findings support the potential of AI in clinical settings, with opportunities for further improvement.
Recent papers in ACS Measurement Science Au
Researchers developed a colorimetric method to detect volatile organic compounds at low levels using a printable glass-based detector. Additionally, strategies are outlined to overcome the single-molecule concentration barrier in fluorescence detection, enabling observations in high-concentration environments. An electrochemical test f...
Sleep health before SARS-CoV-2 infection and risk of long COVID
A study of 1,979 women found that healthy sleep prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic may protect against post-COVID condition. Researchers suggest interventions on sleep health could prevent or alleviate long COVID symptoms.
Deep learning for detection and symptom severity assessment of autism spectrum disorder
A deep learning system accurately classifies autism spectrum disorder and predicts symptom severity based on behavioral responses to social cues. The method offers a digital measurement of joint attention, but further validation is needed.
Gender diversity and brain morphology among adolescents
A study of 2,165 Dutch adolescents suggests no difference in global brain volume between those reporting gender diversity and those not. However, a correlation was found with specific brain features in the inferior temporal gyrus among males assigned at birth.
Neighborhood disadvantage and breast cancer–specific survival
A study of 5,000 patients with breast cancer found that women from disadvantaged neighborhoods had shorter breast cancer-specific survival rates compared to those from advantaged areas. The findings suggest potential unaccounted mechanisms, including social determinants of health and access to care.
NSF awards UMBC’s Lauren Clay $624K Convergence Accelerator grant to address food insecurity in disasters
The NSF Convergence Accelerator program invests $11M in solutions for vulnerable communities, with UMBC's Lauren Clay awarded $624K to develop the Food Index for Resilience. This index will measure food system functioning in communities and support disaster response and recovery.
Scientists develop low-cost system to measure space weather without leaving the ground
Researchers created a magneto-impedance sensor magnetometer that measures Earth's geomagnetic field fluctuations, enabling real-time monitoring of space weather and advancement of space research. The device is lightweight, power-efficient, and low-cost, making it suitable for constructing multi-point observation networks.
New monochromator optics for tender X-rays
The new monochromator optics increase photon flux in the tender X-ray range by a factor of 100, allowing highly sensitive spectromicroscopic measurements with high resolutions. This enables data collection on nanoscale materials, such as catalytically active nanoparticles and modern microchip structures, for the first time.
'Sensing system' spots struggling ecosystems
A new resilience sensing system can identify areas in danger of collapse and measure the success of conservation efforts. Global average resilience has declined over the last 20 years, with regions such as the Amazon rainforest showing signs of loss of resilience.
Association of sedentary time, physical activity with stroke risk
A recent study of 7,600 adults found that higher levels of light- and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity were associated with a reduced risk of stroke. Conversely, greater sedentary time was linked to an increased risk of stroke.
Analysis of race, sex bias in reference standard measure of autism spectrum disorder
Researchers found no widespread systematic measurement bias in the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS-2) across race and sex. However, the study suggests potential underdetection of autism in certain groups, warranting further research to improve diagnosis accuracy.
A fast and accurate innovative imaging technique to monitor modern semiconductor devices
Researchers at Samsung have developed a novel approach to inspect critical dimensions of semiconductor devices, improving speed and resolution. The new 'line-scan hyperspectral imaging' (LHSI) technique offers faster measurements with high spatial resolution, outperforming existing methods.
Ultrasonic tech to develop safer railway track lubrication measurement system
A novel solution uses ultrasonic technology to detect critical form of lubrication between a railway wheel and the track, reducing maintenance costs and improving safety. The automated vehicle-mounted system will communicate presence and absence of lubrication to Network Rail.
Validation of home visual acuity tests for telehealth
Researchers validated at-home visual acuity tests to measure eye health in telehealth settings, improving accessibility and reducing reliance on in-office appointments. The study found that these home tests were comparable to in-office measurements, demonstrating their potential as a reliable tool for remote eye exams.
Newer depression screeners successfully measure symptoms and follow progress of treatment
Researchers from Regenstrief Institute found that Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information Systems (PROMIS) scales for depression can accurately diagnose and track patient symptoms. The study showed similar accuracy to the widely adopted PHQ-9 scale, supporting PROMIS as a viable screening option.
Association of vaccine type and prior SARS-CoV-2 infection with symptoms following vaccination
A study found that mRNA vaccine recipients with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection experienced more severe symptoms after vaccination. The study suggests vaccine type may influence symptom severity in individuals with a history of COVID-19 infection.
Breaking through the resolution barrier with quantum-limited precision
A new method of distance measurement has been developed by researchers at Paderborn University, achieving precision 10,000 times better than established methods. This breakthrough could significantly improve applications such as LIDAR and GPS.
NIST goes with the (slow) flow: New technique could improve biotech, precision medicine
Researchers at NIST have created an optical system that can measure the flow of extremely small amounts of liquids with high accuracy. The technique relies on a laser interacting with light-sensitive molecules in a liquid flowing through a microchannel, allowing for precise control of flow rates as low as 2 nanoliters per minute.
Hearing device separates simultaneous voices, amplifies the 'target' speaker
Researchers developed a system that automatically separates audio from different speakers in a crowded environment and compares these voices to the listener's brainwaves. This allows the voice of the speaker who is the center of the listener's attention to sound louder.
Newly proposed system of measurement could help determine community sustainability
A new system of measurement called CSAS aims to comprehensively assess community sustainability by addressing three pillars: economic vitality, environmental quality and social equity. The researchers propose a multi-level approach to measure sustainability, starting from neighborhoods and moving up to regions and greater levels.
Study: Lupus patients endorse PROMIS assessment tool as relevant, valuable and potentially useful in improving clinical care
PROMIS is a patient-reported outcomes measurement system that evaluates physical, psychological, and social well-being to provide information on the subjective patient experience. Lupus patients endorse PROMIS assessments as reflecting their experience with lupus, highlighting its potential utility in validating symptoms, tracking dise...
Mind wandering is common during driving
Researchers found that mind wandering occurs in 70% of drivers during a simulation, causing distinctive brain activity. Drivers are often unaware of their mental drift, which can impair reaction time and increase road traffic crashes. The study suggests that autonomous transport systems may be an option to improve safety.
Measured soil moisture improves wildfire prediction
Researchers in Oklahoma compared measured soil moisture with the Keetch-Byram Drought index and found that high-quality soil moisture data consistently outperformed KBDI. Soil moisture conditions conducive to large wildfires were more narrowly defined, providing earlier warnings of extreme wildfire potential.
Materials bend as they 'breathe' under high temperatures
A new system of oxide materials can be used to create actuators that function at temperatures above 500 degrees Celsius, enabling devices to open and close valves in hot environments. This technology could revolutionize maintenance tasks in nuclear plants and other high-temperature settings.