Articles tagged with Postdoctoral Work
Researchers at the University of Florida have discovered that grain boundaries in high-temperature ceramic superconductors impede electrical current. The study, published in Nature Physics, provides a theoretical model explaining why these barriers limit the potential of superconductors.
The National Science Foundation (NSF) is funding a semester-long program on geometric, combinational, and computational group theory at the Centre de Recherches Mathmatiques in Montreal. Researchers will work together to discuss perspectives for advancing the field and disseminate knowledge among an international community of experts.
High-yield agriculture has prevented massive amounts of greenhouse gas emissions, equivalent to 590 billion metric tons of carbon dioxide. The research estimates that yield improvements reduced the need to convert forests to farmland, a process that generates significant greenhouse gas emissions.
Researchers at UTHealth and UH will use nanotechnology and new imaging techniques to study the effects of Amyloid-Beta on the brain. The goal is to create new intravenous delivery mechanisms for gamma secretase modulators, which could potentially protect against Alzheimer's development.
Researchers at GTRI are designing, fabricating and testing planar ion traps to create large, interconnected trap arrays for a useful quantum computer. The team has used state-of-the-art simulations and genetic algorithms to design versatile traps capable of holding many ions.
Researchers at the University of Florida found that anti-aging supplement mixtures may be more effective in preventing decline in physical function than single compounds. Taking such supplements before very old age can lead to improved grip strength and mitochondrial function, suggesting a potential window for intervention.
Research at University of California, Riverside found that juvenile male crickets exposed to loud songs from adult males grow larger and invest more in testes. Meanwhile, those without exposure are more likely to act as 'satellites' hanging around singing males to intercept females.
David Hanneke's research created a building block of quantum computing, performing what some call the most accurate experiment in science. He will receive the Michelson Postdoctoral Prize at Case Western Reserve University.
Researchers found that a genetic mutation causes Interference in the Pruning process of nerve connections. The protein FMRP plays a role in this process, and the study may lead to better understanding of Fragile X Syndrome.
John A. Burns has been awarded the W. T. and Idelia Reid Prize in Mathematics for his fundamental contributions to computational methods and applications in control, design, and optimization of infinite dimensional dynamical systems. He is currently working on reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions through modeling, s...
Researchers determined the structure of an intermediate enzyme form participating in fundamental biology reactions. The discovery sheds light on life's origins and potential applications in producing renewable fuels and fighting pollution.
Researchers have discovered how ubiquitin activates RIG-I, triggering the body's immune response against viral infections. This finding provides one of the missing pieces in understanding how the body fights off infection and could lead to new antiviral therapies.
Researchers have devised a method to identify genetic material responsible for complex traits in millions of yeast cells, shedding light on the missing heritability problem. By studying regions of the genome that cause specific traits in offspring, scientists can detect subtle patterns previously undetectable.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute synthesized a new molecular switch that can turn itself on and off in response to metallic ions. The 'Ouroborand' molecule, named after the mythical lizard, has potential applications in detecting metals, toxins, and pollutants.
A study by Einstein researchers suggests that a mutated protein accumulation may be key to understanding the disease. The defective huntingtin protein interferes with cellular autophagy, leading to toxicity and cell death.
Physicists at NIST create a device that can trap dozens of ions with versatile control, advancing the quest for practical quantum computers. The racetrack ion trap features 150 work zones and can be scaled up for mass fabrication.
Researchers at Purdue University have identified a hidden plant pathway that produces an essential amino acid called phenylalanine. This discovery could lead to increased nutritional value in food and improved biofuel production by reducing lignin content.
Sara Cordes, a BC psychologist, receives 2010 Sloan Research Fellowship for her research on infant quantity tracking. The fellowship supports her work in understanding how infants keep track of quantity, with implications for later mathematics competence.
The discovery of Asilisaurus kongwe, a dinosaur-like animal, pushes back the age of known dinosaurs by 10 million years. Fossil evidence suggests that silesaurs, close relatives of dinosaurs, may have diverged from common ancestors by 240 million years ago.
Researchers used supercomputer calculations to analyze how metal contacts on graphene change its electron transport properties. The study provides new information on the effects of metal contacts and proposes quantitative models for describing these effects.
Researchers identified a distributed neural system for general intelligence, with specific brain regions and connections linked to performance on various tests. The study's findings support an existing theory about intelligence as a whole-brain function, integrating different processing abilities such as working memory.
A new study found that the disappearance of certain lizard morphs in some populations may lead to the emergence of new species. The researchers documented the loss of color morphs and observed rapid evolutionary change, including increased body size, which could eventually cause populations to diverge into distinct species.
H. Jeff Kimble, a Caltech professor of physics, has been awarded a $4.2 million National Security Science and Engineering Faculty Fellowship to conduct unclassified research on topics of interest to the DoD. The grant will support his research program exploring quantum networks and phenomena in quantum information science.
Michigan State University scientists found that diverse biofuel plantings attract more beneficial insects than single crops like corn. The research suggests that biofuel policies should consider the added benefits of insect attraction to inform policy decisions.
A study led by Dr. Tarik Möröy discovered a link between a gene variant and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a subtype of blood cancer. The GFI136N variant is associated with a 60% higher risk of developing AML, making it a potential biomarker for evaluating prognosis in patients.
Researchers found that macrophages along the blood-brain barrier can either activate the brain's stress response machinery or prevent excessive inflammation. This discovery may pave the way for novel therapies for neurodegenerative diseases.
Scientists have discovered a protein that can restore motor function in rats with impaired mobility after a stroke, with administered directly to the brain showing 99% regain. The intranasal method also demonstrates significant behavioral improvements and regenerative anatomical process.
Children with ADHD show a disconnection between brain regions responsible for attention and visual processing, leading to inefficient resource allocation. This discovery provides new insights into the condition and highlights the need for behavioral definitions to be reevaluated.
Researchers found that ghrelin, a hunger hormone, triggers mice to seek out pleasurable foods even when full. The study suggests that ghrelin may increase the rewarding aspects of eating, driving individuals to continue consuming high-calorie foods despite feelings of fullness.
Researchers discovered that invasive Phragmites produces more gallotannin, a precursor to toxic gallic acid, than its native cousin. This triggers the native plant's natural defense mechanism, releasing tannase that cleaves gallotannin into toxic gallic acid, ultimately harming the native plant.
Researchers found that female ducks' vaginas have clockwise spirals to prevent males with aggressive penises from copulating. This evolutionary mechanism helps females control reproduction and provides a unique example of sexual conflict.
A Rice University team developed a single nanoparticle that can be tracked in real-time with MRI as it targets cancer cells, tags them with fluorescent dye and kills them with heat. This all-in-one particle is a promising example of theranostics, a growing field developing technologies for diagnosis and treatment in one procedure.
A study of over 136,000 postmenopausal women found a 45% higher risk of stroke and a 32% higher risk of death among those taking antidepressants compared to non-users. The researchers note that while the overall risk is small, it can have significant implications for large patient populations.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center discovered that a naturally occurring molecule in muscle tissue can slow the progression of Lou Gehrig's disease (ALS) in mice. The study suggests that the molecule, microRNA-206, may be used to develop potential therapies for ALS by promoting nerve regeneration and delaying symptoms.
Ray Jayawardhana, a University of Toronto astronomer, has been awarded the 2009 Steacie Prize for his exceptional contributions to astrophysics research. His discoveries have made headlines on several occasions, including capturing the first direct image of a giant planet revolving around a young sun-like star.
A new method for breaking carbon-hydrogen bonds has been developed, revolutionizing the synthesis of natural products and therapeutic drugs. The technique, called 'layman chemistry,' uses common table salt and inexpensive materials, reducing waste and complexity.
A new Notre Dame study provides insights into the molecular basis by which tumor cells modulate their surroundings to favor cancer progression. The research identifies a unique population of microvesicles enriched in proteases, which facilitate tissue breakdown and remodeling at distant sites.
A team of scientists at UCR has developed a high-density consensus genetic map of cowpea, accelerating conventional breeding and facilitating the production of new varieties. The map enables breeders to locate valuable genes and incorporate them into new varieties more efficiently.
A Scripps Research team has identified histone deacetylase 3 as the key enzyme target for a potential Friedreich's ataxia drug. The findings could lead to treatments for related conditions like Huntington's disease and improve understanding of the disease.
Researchers found that skylark neighbours share similar dialects in their songs, allowing them to identify and reprimand threatening intruders. This complex communication system enables the birds to maintain social cohesion and defend their territories against potential threats.
Melanie Cooper, a Clemson University professor, has been recognized as an American Chemical Society Fellow for her contributions to chemistry education and research. Her research focuses on developing effective ways for students to learn science, including evidence-driven curricula like Chemistry, Life, the Universe and Everything (CLUE).
The National Institute of Statistical Sciences (NISS) has received funding to develop Bayesian methods for syndromic surveillance using conditionally auto regressive models. The research aims to provide quantified estimates of disease presence, characterize uncertainties, and implement computational methods at a nationwide scale.
Researchers found that increasing Mdmx levels makes mice resistant to radiation but susceptible to oncogene-induced lymphomas. The study reveals the finely tuned balance between tumor suppressor p53 and its negative regulators.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University discovered that neural noise weakens and degrades the brain's representation of an ignored stimulus, making it harder to distinguish between similar orientations. This 'neural noise' also broadens the range of interfering orientations during suppression, further reducing fidelity.
Researchers at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln have discovered a way to unleash high-energy X-rays with relatively high intensity using longer wavelength lasers on heavier gaseous atoms. This breakthrough could lead to more powerful and precise X-ray machines, enabling real-time imaging of patients' hearts and microscopic structures.
The Pew Charitable Trusts has named 10 promising young scientists as Pew Latin American Fellows in the Biomedical Sciences. The fellows will receive $60,000 in salary support and an additional $35,000 to purchase essential equipment upon returning to their home countries.
The Arlene and Arnold Goldstein Family Foundation has donated $1.5 million to support research at Scripps Research Institute, aiming to develop new drugs for transthyretin amyloidosis. This collaboration will also explore senile systemic amyloidosis, a type of the disease affecting a quarter of the population 85 years old or older.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center used the fungus Neurospora to study the biochemistry and genetics of body clocks. They found that a protein called FRQ marks time by a sequence of changes in its chemical structure, which controls many biological processes including cell division, hormonal release, and sleep/wake cycles.
Researchers found that Phragmites delivers a one-two chemical knock-out punch to its victims, with the poison becoming even more toxic in UV-B radiation. The study highlights the persistence of phytotoxins and their enhanced effects against native species.
A new genus of hominoid primate, Anoiapithecus brevirostris, has been identified at a site in Spain. The fossil exhibits primitive and derived traits characteristic of great apes, shedding light on the origin of the Hominidae family.
Researchers at Harvard University have discovered a group of individuals known as 'super-recognizers,' who possess an extraordinary ability to recognize faces, even after years of not seeing the person. This finding suggests that face recognition may be on a spectrum, with prosopagnosics at one end and super-recognizers at the other.
The NSF and Math Institutes have created 45 postdoctoral fellowships to support the careers of young mathematical scientists. These positions will place highly trained researchers as teachers at community colleges and universities, as well as in business and industry, providing them with opportunities to apply their training.
Researchers from Purdue University have determined key structural features of the mimivirus, a possible 'missing link' between viruses and living cells. The findings revealed a starfish-shaped structure that covers a special vertex where genetic material leaves the virus to infect its host.
Tabetha Boyajian, a GSU astronomy graduate student, has been awarded the prestigious Hubble Fellowship to pursue postdoctoral research on stellar sizes and planetary systems. She will use the CHARA Array to measure the size of stars and determine their effective temperature, shedding light on the habitable zones of planets.
Researchers at MIT have discovered a way to induce gamma brain waves by shining laser light onto the brains of mice, using optogenetics to manipulate individual nerve cells. This breakthrough provides new insights into the role of gamma oscillations in regulating brain functions and may lead to new treatments for brain-related disorders.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center found that PCSK9, a protein responsible for regulating 'bad' cholesterol, works almost exclusively outside cells. This discovery provides opportunities to develop therapies to block the protein's disruptive actions and reduce plasma cholesterol levels.
A University of Leicester team is developing a combined diagnosis/therapeutic strategy for prostate cancer using cutting-edge magnetic nanoparticles. The technology aims to identify and treat cancer cells at an early stage, reducing the need for surgical removal.
Researchers at Harvard University have developed a laser technology that allows control over the polarization direction of emitted radiation. This innovation has vast implications for various applications, including satellite communications, biomolecule detection, and quantum cryptography.
Researchers found that individual receptive fields have irregular shapes but interlock to form a regular lattice, enabling high-resolution vision. The nervous system operates with higher precision than previously thought, overcoming potential problems with uneven visual coverage.
A Stanford study reveals that HLA molecules, crucial for immune function, also contribute to brain circuits involved in learning and memory. The absence of these molecules can enhance motor learning but may compromise other learning abilities.