Articles tagged with Universities
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at Temple University School of Medicine have identified a protein that opens the door to cell death, causing severe power failures in mitochondria. Blocking this protein with a small molecule inhibitor could aid in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as heart attack and stroke.
Bunostegos' forelimb anatomy reveals unique characteristics allowing it to stand with legs under the body. This finding indicates the earliest known example of an upright posture in pre-reptiles, dating back 260 million years.
The Research Triangle Nanotechnology Network aims to increase innovation by making nanotechnology accessible to faculty, students, businesses, and educators across the Triangle and nation. The initiative provides graduate students with peer-to-peer training opportunities and 'Nano-Nights' programs for grades 7-12 classrooms.
Harmful algal blooms and hypoxia pose significant threats to coastal ecosystems, economies, and human health. NOAA's new grants will help communities detect, predict, and manage toxic algae and low oxygen levels using advanced monitoring technologies and robotic systems.
The University of Vienna has created a photorealistic online game, called a 'quantum lab', allowing users to virtually access unique instruments and conduct experiments. The virtual laboratory is designed to make modern science accessible to the general public, university students, and high-school students.
A recent study by Chapman University reveals that men and women differ in their preferences for attractive partners, with wealthier individuals and those with higher education levels having stronger preferences. The study also found that age and income level play a significant role in shaping these preferences.
The USA 300 strain of MRSA has decreased in hospital-onset cases, but remains prevalent in the broader community. Current or former drug use was a strong predictor for acquiring this strain of bacteria.
A study of 78,000 people found that arts participation is linked to educational attainment, not social status or wealth. Higher-income individuals are less likely to participate in arts activities than those with lower incomes.
The National Science Foundation has awarded $2.5 million to support research projects developing novel approaches to integrate networked computer systems and physical devices for smart city applications. The projects aim to improve public safety, transportation, and health in cities across the US and globally.
A recent study found that larger and private colleges are more likely to have hookah cafes and lounges nearby, despite smoke-free policies decreasing these chances. The study suggests that economic factors may play a role in the increased odds of hookah establishments near private institutions.
The National Science Foundation is awarding nearly $12 million to US Ignite to support the development of innovative gigabit application prototypes with significant societal impact. These prototypes will be tested in various US cities and communities, enabling the sharing of gigabit application prototypes across community boundaries.
A team of researchers at Penn Vet has identified a form of congenital night blindness in dogs, which shares similarities with human forms of the condition. The discovery may lead to the development of gene therapy to correct the dysfunction in both humans and dogs.
Researchers at the University of Leeds captured images of motor protein dynein in action using electron microscopes. The study revealed a hinge between the motor's arms and its track, allowing flexibility in movement.
Researchers at King's College London have discovered a new molecular 'switch' that controls the properties of neurons in response to changes in their neural network. This finding suggests that the brain's hardware is tuneable and could lead to breakthroughs in education policy and neurological therapies.
The University of Maryland has established two new endowed chairs in mathematics and computer science, thanks to a $2.1 million funding match from the state's Maryland E-Nnovation Initiative. The Michael and Eugenia Brin Chair in Mathematics and the Reginald Allan Hahne Chair in Computer Science will be recruited through this program.
A new study of over 500 Black and Latino college students confirms that financial resources are a significant obstacle to success. Students who started with high levels of financial distress were more likely to experience depressive symptoms and lower GPAs.
A new study by Baylor University researchers reveals that taking mid-morning breaks is more beneficial than traditional afternoon breaks for boosting energy, concentration, and motivation. The research also suggests that preferred break activities, such as work-related tasks, are key to restful recovery and improved job satisfaction.
A panel of world experts recommends annual brain health screenings for individuals 70 and older, citing high rates of memory problems among this age group. Lifestyle changes, such as a Mediterranean-type diet, exercise, and intellectual activities, can slow cognitive decline.
A new study reveals that women in social sciences receive slightly larger grants than men, with early career women being more successful. However, women overall receive only 41% of the £127 million allocated, largely due to the scarcity of female professors in senior positions.
A new study aims to illuminate the nationwide prevalence, frequency and scope of cyberbullying and electronic dating violence among youth. Researchers will survey a nationally-representative panel of teens aged 12-17 to collect data on contributing factors and negative outcomes.
A Baylor University study reveals that exposure to atrazine, a common herbicide, does not cause long-term harm to aquatic plants. The researchers found that most biological response variables affected by atrazine recovered after the dosing ceased, with only slight effects on algae and plant life.
A Tel Aviv University study found that even benign forms of incivility can impede medical personnel's ability to perform under pressure. Rudeness is linked to poorer diagnostic and procedural performance, as well as reduced information-sharing among medical staff.
Researchers have identified a link between negative symptoms of schizophrenia and adverse clinical outcomes, including increased hospital admission rates and longer hospital stays. Patients with two or more negative symptoms were 24% more likely to be admitted to hospital, with an average extra 21-day stay duration.
A KIT study with over 450 test persons found that social competition and time pressure drive up prices in online auctions. Physiological measurements show human contenders influence behavior on electronic markets.
The Genetics Society of America (GSA) is supporting workshops organized by students and postdocs to broaden interest in genetics. These trainee-organized symposia aim to advance knowledge, encourage exchange, and further the GSA mission.
The Society for Neuroscience has announced the winners of its fifth annual Brain Awareness Video Contest, featuring nine winning videos that explain complex neuroscience concepts in an engaging way. The contest winners, including Matthew Sugrim and Guillaume Riesen, have received awards and recognition for their innovative videos.
The University of Southampton has been awarded a £3m grant to bring together top researchers to explore new nanotechnology applications for enhanced safety at sea, on land and in the air. The project will support over 50 PhD students in interdisciplinary research projects, providing training and building technical capacity.
A team of researchers has determined the structure of a protein complex involved in DNA damage repair, revealing its mechanism of action and potential as a therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases and cancer. The study's findings may enable the development of new drugs targeting this complex.
A Johns Hopkins University sociologist has found that disadvantaged neighborhoods actually expand children's range of educational experiences as they disperse to multiple schools. Affluent neighborhoods, on the other hand, limit options by keeping students close to home.
Researchers at MIT's SMART program conducted a six-day experiment using autonomous golf carts to ferry tourists around winding paths. The system, which used off-the-shelf sensors and dynamic algorithms, demonstrated a 98% user satisfaction rate and showed potential for elderly transportation applications.
Researchers will use digital methods to repopulate an ancient country called Doggerland, monitoring its development over 5,000 years. This project aims to reveal crucial information about early human life in Europe and develop new technologies for exploring lost landscapes.
COPD patients who used a digital health application experienced fewer and less severe exacerbation symptoms, improving daily symptom control, lung function, and activity status. The application allowed for same-day treatment recommendations from healthcare providers.
Kyriakos S. Markides, PhD, receives the prestigious Robert W. Kleemeier Award from GSA for his contributions to the study of aging. The award recognizes his extensive research on Hispanic health outcomes and epidemiological paradoxes.
A new study published in Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology found that probiotics do not prevent or eliminate gastrointestinal colonization with drug-resistant organisms in critically ill patients. The research followed 70 patients and showed no significant difference in overall acquisition of any MRDOs between the two groups.
Chapman University researchers found that older adults acquire skills prior to first reproduction and develop further to meet increasing demands. In a traditional society, older adults are often regarded as experts due to their complementary skills. They excel at planning, conflict negotiation, and delegation.
A new species of lizard, Gueragama sulamericana, has been found in Southern Brazil, pushing back the known origin of acrodontan lizards to 80 million years ago. This discovery sheds light on the migration patterns of ancient species and challenges existing hypotheses on lizard evolution.
Researchers found that people with low self-esteem use various ways to avoid thinking about their own mortality, including writing less about themselves and increasing alcohol consumption. This study has implications for future public health policy decisions.
Scientists developed a novel treatment strategy for patients with severe intolerance to antihypertensive medication, involving fractional dosing and alternative formulations. Blood pressure was significantly reduced among patients after just six months on the new approach, without debilitating side effects.
The Entomological Society of America has elected 10 new Fellows, including Dr. Serap Aksoy and Dr. Deane Bowers, for their research on vector genomics, disease control, and insect-plant interactions. The Fellows will be recognized at the ESA's 63rd Annual Meeting in Minneapolis.
Researchers have identified a key factor driving intraplate seismicity: convective currents of semi-liquid rock beneath the Earth's crust. This process interacts with surface motion, influencing earthquake locations and frequency. The study's findings offer new insights into seismic hazard mapping in plate interiors.
The Urban Water Innovation Network will develop technological, institutional, and management solutions to enhance urban water resilience. The network, led by Colorado State University, aims to create an enduring research network for integrated water systems and sustainable cities.
Researchers successfully fabricated stable and large gratings in single layer graphene, enabling the study of massive objects' quantum mechanical nature. The team's achievement reduces material thickness to the ultimate limit, increasing interaction time between molecules and masks.
A study in Malawi found that patients with stroke and spinal cord injuries faced significant obstacles upon return home, including physical barriers and social exclusion. The lack of rehabilitation services after discharge has severe consequences for patients' mental health and ability to reintegrate into society.
A new study by University of Washington sociologist Jennifer Laird finds that African-American workers disproportionately lost jobs in the public sector during the Great Recession, leading to widening racial disparities. Black civil servants, especially women, faced higher rates of unemployment than their white counterparts.
A University of Kansas researcher studied Chapter 205, the state's quarantine law from 1917 to 1942, and found that it punished poor women disproportionately. The study highlights the social control of sexuality and how social inequalities influenced its implementation.
Researchers at NTU Singapore have developed a novel adhesive called Voltaglue that can be activated by electricity, allowing for the creation of strong yet reversible bonds. This breakthrough has far-reaching implications for various industries, including transportation and medicine, and could potentially revolutionize the way adhesive...
A study by Indiana University researchers finds that women working in highly male-dominated occupations exhibit less healthy cortisol patterns due to exposure to negative workplace climates. This can lead to vulnerability to disease and mortality through chronic stress exposure.
The shift to technified coffee production has worsened economic and ecological conditions for farmers in poor nations like Honduras, Colombia, and Vietnam, due to increased water usage and monoculture farming practices.
Couples with more egalitarian childcare arrangements have better relationship quality and sex lives. Men taking on most childcare responsibilities do not negatively impact relationships, and female partners of men in these roles report the highest quality sex lives.
The Keystone XL Pipeline debate in Nebraska pitted economic benefits against environmental concerns, with supporters framing job creation as a key selling point. Rural landowners and farmers opposed the project due to fears of aquifer contamination, while proponents stressed national security and energy independence.
A University of Kansas study found that American women use their book club memberships to increase their popularity in the dating field. They also utilize reading as a means to develop self, social capital, and construct their sexual identities. In contrast, Irish women do not find this relevance and join book clubs for different reasons.
A study by Queen Mary University of London found that effective family functioning is a significant predictor of healthy dietary habits in children. Children from more functional families were 67% less likely to consume sugary foods and drinks daily.
The XENON100 detector achieved high sensitivity, challenging traditional dark matter models. The team recorded faint annual modulation signals in the data, raising questions about the nature of dark matter.
A multicenter observational cohort study found that no single genetic strain of C. difficile appears to be more harmful than others, contradicting previous research on Ribotype 027. The study's findings highlight the importance of clinical severity markers in predicting severe patient outcomes.
Researchers at Chapman University have published two studies revealing widespread mislabeling of meat species in consumer commercial products, including ground meat and game meats. The studies identified significant discrepancies between product labels and actual species, highlighting the need for improved quality control measures.
A study by Florida Atlantic University finds that black borrowers, especially low-income black women, pay significantly higher interest rates on home mortgages compared to their white counterparts. The rate difference can be substantial, resulting in additional monthly mortgage payments and lost wealth over time.
A study by Ben-Gurion University researchers highlights the importance of social media in emergency situations. The public is often the first to adopt social media platforms during emergencies, creating a self-regulating environment where users can correct misinformation and share relevant information.
A new study found that children with larger oral vocabularies at age 2 arrive at kindergarten with greater reading and math achievement, better behavioral self-regulation, and fewer acting out or anxiety-related problem behaviors. Early intervention efforts, such as home visitation programs, may help target these high-risk children.
A review of 90 published studies on contact precautions found no high-quality data to support or reject the practice. Local needs and resources, not mandates, are recommended to drive infection prevention practices. Alternative methods, such as horizontal infection control, may be effective in reducing hospital-acquired infections.
Researchers at the University of Sheffield have discovered that MRI scanners can steer cell-based tumour busting therapies to specific target sites in the body. This targeted approach increases treatment efficiency and reduces drug doses, alleviating side effects.