Articles tagged with Europe
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Research finds that more than 64% of employed Russians work evenings, nights, or weekends, disrupting their biological and social rhythms. The negative effects include depression, headaches, burnout, and chronic fatigue, leading to workplace accidents and injuries.
Researchers studying Barilla Sustainable Farming in Italy found that partnering with different stakeholders can promote sustainability in agri-food supply chains. A two-level approach to implement crop diversification and sustainable management practices is suggested to achieve a more sustainable agricultural system throughout Europe.
A study found that a significant release of radioactive ruthenium occurred in October 2017, with highest levels detected over Romania. The release is believed to have originated from the Mayak nuclear complex in Russia, consistent with air mass movements and deposition patterns.
Viral hepatitis affects around 9 million Europeans, with over 50,000 newly diagnosed cases annually. Targeted testing is essential to reach those at risk and reduce undiagnosed infections.
A new study from the University of Notre Dame reveals that eliminating NAFTA would reduce standards of living in all three countries. Canada's per capita income loss is expected to be 2.11%, nearly two times that of Mexico's 1.15% and eight times that of the US' 0.27%.
Regional climate fluctuations, such as Medieval Warm Period and Little Ice Age, varied across the globe. The study found no evidence of uniform warm and cold periods across the world over the last 2000 years.
A study by ISGlobal found that women using kerosene lamps for lighting had significantly higher exposure to black carbon particles, leading to increased risk of tuberculosis, respiratory infections, and low birth weight. The study's findings highlight the need for alternative energy sources in rural areas.
Adolescents who skip breakfast tend to have higher waist circumference and body mass index, indicating an increased risk of weight gain. The study suggests that skipping breakfast can contribute to unhealthy habits and behaviors, potentially making adolescents more vulnerable to obesity.
A study by Zoological Society of London reveals 55 UK animal species have been displaced due to climate change, with invertebrates most affected. The research highlights the need for a centralized platform to track and mitigate the impacts of climate-driven species movement.
A study analyzing the NASDAQ100 index found that order deletions increase the bid-ask spread more often than trades do. The researchers also discovered that when the number of deletions exceeds the number of trades, stock prices become more varied across different stocks.
Research from Lancaster University shows that SMEs with a higher proportion of graduates are more likely to foster a culture of innovation. Effective support is needed for SMEs to employ graduates, including funding for graduate placements and internships, grants for graduate salaries, and management training opportunities.
Designated protected areas in Europe have reduced land cover changes, but the buffer zones around them still experience frequent changes
A new study examines the effects of different factors on life satisfaction among women and men in 34 OECD countries. The research finds that work-life balance accommodations are usually aimed at women's concerns, but surprisingly, men demonstrate a higher elasticity for personal and leisure time.
A recent study suggests that Mesolithic hunter-gatherers in Europe developed new hunting projectiles and changed their stone tool shapes in response to changing climate conditions. The research found frequent co-existence of different microlith shapes, which may have been used as symbols of group membership.
Researchers found that infants as young as 10.5 months can recognize communication through variable sound sequences, leading to increased attention towards target shapes in interactions with agents. This ability may play a crucial role in language acquisition and social-cognitive development.
A new study reveals that households in Europe will increasingly rely on air conditioners to adapt to climate change, generating more greenhouse gas emissions. The study shows that household wealth, presence of elderly family members, and environmental awareness are crucial factors in deciding to install AC.
Introduced parrot species can cause environmental damage, but severe impacts are rare and localized. Most reports of damage link to ring-necked and monk parakeets, which compete with native species for resources.
A large observational study found that a favorable lifestyle was associated with lower dementia risk, independent of genetic risk. The study followed over 196,000 adults and found that both unhealthy lifestyles and high genetic risk were linked to higher dementia risk.
A study by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control reveals a consistent rise in syphilis cases across Europe, mostly affecting men who have sex with men. The ECDC analysis highlights the need for public health control measures, including case finding, management, and educational activities to combat this trend.
An international team sequenced 67 ancient genomes to observe genomic changes in cattle over eight millennia. They found a widespread influx of zebu genetics around 4,000 years ago, likely linked to a multi-century drought and changing climate.
A long-term study of butterflies in Ohio found that common species are declining at a rate of 2% per year, resulting in an overall 33% decrease over 21 years. This trend is consistent with other monitoring programs in Europe and highlights the impact of environmental changes on insect populations.
The CARDIATEAM project aims to determine the unique characteristics of diabetic cardiomyopathy and identify new biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The study will collect data from 1,600 patients with various cardiometabolic disorders over three years.
A study on Arctic lead pollution reveals a significant increase in emissions from European industries during the Middle Ages, coinciding with technological advancements and economic growth. The pollution level declined substantially after pollution abatement policies were enacted, but still remains much higher than historical levels.
A study using Arctic ice cores shows that lead pollution levels correlate with economic growth and decline, indicating the impact of European events on the environment. The research found exponential increases in lead pollution during the past 1,500 years, with a significant decrease since the passage of pollution abatement policies.
A fossilized skull from the Upper Paleolithic period reveals two injuries at or near the time of death, consistent with consecutive blows from a bat-like object. The analysis suggests that the individual died as a result of intentional violence, pointing to the practice of homicide among early humans.
A team of scientists analyzed ancient genomes from Ashkelon, finding a European-derived ancestry introduced around the time of the Philistines' arrival. This genetic component was diluted by local Levantine gene pool over centuries, suggesting intense admixture between foreign and native populations.
A new study published in the European Journal of Neurology found that active sexual life is associated with reduced disability and improved quality of life in men with early Parkinson's disease. The analysis of 355 patients over two years suggests that exploring a patient's sexual life could be beneficial for their treatment.
The BioImage Archive is a large-scale resource hosting reference imaging data to facilitate global access and analysis. The archive aims to improve research quality, speed up scientific discovery, and advance knowledge in fields like human health, food security, and biodiversity.
Research from NTNU and others finds that some climate change mitigation strategies may increase land use and water consumption, offsetting potential emissions reductions. The study suggests a shift towards sustainable lifestyles and limited consumption could be more effective in reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
A new study found that surviving the Holocaust has a lifelong negative impact on brain structure, affecting stress response, memory, and behavior. Researchers also discovered reduced connectivity in offspring and grandchildren, suggesting a potential genetic component.
Researchers found that statin users had a 22% lower risk of all-cause death compared to non-users, as well as a 23% reduction in the risk of stroke. The protective effect was seen across various patient groups, including those with vascular dementia.
Brain diseases now account for 10% of global disease burden, affecting 50 million worldwide. A new national brain health strategy in Norway aims to prevent and cope with these conditions through research, innovation and holistic care.
A new study by the German Sport University Cologne compares the tactical performance of male and female football players in Europe, using advanced analysis methods. The findings aim to contribute to the development and professionalization of women's football, while promoting public awareness of the sport.
A new study analyzing participants from 35 countries found that near-death experiences (NDEs) affect around 10% of people, with common reported symptoms including out-of-body sensations and hallucinations. The study also found an association between NDEs and Rapid Eye Movement sleep intrusion into wakefulness.
The UNA Europa alliance, consisting of seven leading European universities, has received a €5M grant to launch a European university ecosystem. The project will focus on innovative education and research collaboration, with an aim to address societal challenges.
Researchers analyzed DNA from two 120,000-year-old European Neandertals, finding they shared a stable ancestry with late Neanderthals. The study suggests these early Neandertals may have migrated east and replaced some Siberian populations, providing new insights into their history.
A giant bird, Pachystruthio dmanisensis, has been discovered in a Crimean cave, estimated to weigh around 450kg. The bird is believed to be flightless but fast, and its discovery suggests it may have been a source of meat for early humans.
A study by Christopher Meir examines the transformation of European cinema through Studiocanal, finding it replicates American forms and increases job opportunities in Europe. The research reveals that European studios are reaching unprecedented levels of global success with films like Lucy, The Impossible, and Paddington.
A large multicentre study of almost 5000 patients found no benefit from ICSI in terms of fresh and cumulative live birth rate in non-male factor cases, challenging the global trend of ICSI adoption
Researchers have retrieved nuclear genome sequences from ancient Neandertal fossils, providing a unique glimpse into the early history of European Neandertals. The study reveals that these ancient individuals were more closely related to later Neandertals in Europe than to those in Siberia, shedding new light on human migration patterns.
Researchers have discovered rocks in Santorini cove similar to Martian basaltic material, with properties comparable to those of the Spirit and Curiosity rovers and Martian meteorites. The findings suggest that Santorini can serve as a low-cost resource for experiments and characterization of geological processes on Mars.
Pregnancy rates from IVF and ICSI in Europe have reached a peak, with success rates stabilizing after increasing for conventional IVF cycles. Frozen embryo cycles show the highest pregnancy rate at 30.5%, indicating an upward trend in outcomes.
A study by archaeologists at the University of Helsinki reveals that copper in ancient Finnish jewellery originated from southern Europe, particularly Greece and Bulgaria. The findings demonstrate extensive exchange networks between continental Europe and Finland across the Baltic Sea.
The B-GOOD project aims to create a EU-wide management and health data platform to assist sustainable beekeeping. The platform will utilize real-time data from six different monitoring tools to provide comprehensive analysis and advice for beekeepers.
Since 2008, chronic hepatitis B infections have increased steadily in Europe, with 58% of newly reported cases classified as chronic in 2017. Successful national vaccination programmes have contributed to a decline in acute cases, but incomplete data and varying surveillance systems hinder detailed epidemiological analysis.
Researchers analyzed ceramic vessels from Mont Lassois to determine ancient Celtic drinking habits. They found that the Celts consumed imported Mediterranean wines and local beers, contradicting the assumption that only elites drank foreign wine.
New research highlights the importance of diverse genetic data in understanding complex traits and diseases. By studying a large number of groups together, scientists have discovered dozens of discoveries that would not have been possible in single-population studies.
A recent study found that adequate protein intake is associated with a reduced risk of frailty and prefrailty in older women. Protein sources such as animal-based foods may also play a role in preventing frailty. The recommended daily protein intake for older adults is around 77g, equivalent to about 1.1-1.3g per kg body weight.
A new study debunks the myth that intensive breeding has made modern wheat cultivars weaker. Modern wheat varieties actually out-perform older ones in both optimal and sub-optimum growing conditions. This finding could have significant implications for raising productivity in organic cropping systems.
A new study shows climate change led to the decline of Amazon communities, with those who adapted to their environment being less affected. Researchers analyzed pollen and charcoal remains, sediments, and archaeological evidence to understand the impact of changing weather patterns on these ancient societies.
The Cyprus League Against Rheumatism has successfully implemented the first rheumatology nurse educational program in Cyprus, improving patient care and safety skills. A randomized controlled trial shows that nurse-led patient education can significantly improve essential safety skills in patients with inflammatory arthritis.
A pilot study presented at EULAR 2019 suggests that electro stimulation of the vagus nerve can reduce signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. The study showed a significant reduction in disease activity and improved response criteria, with two-thirds of patients meeting good or moderate response criteria.
A study of 496,989 US patients found that those employed 6 months prior to dialysis initiation had lower mortality rates and higher transplant rates compared to unemployed individuals. The study highlights the importance of employment in improving quality of life and health outcomes for haemodialysis patients.
The Nephrology and Public Policy Committee (NPPC) has outlined a research plan to stimulate collaboration and grant applications in Europe. The plan focuses on addressing the global spread of kidney diseases, improving diagnostic tests, and enhancing patient care.
A large pan-European survey found significant gaps in rheumatoid arthritis care, with 'diagnosis within six weeks' being the most concerning standard of care. The study highlights the need for improved care in essential aspects of rheumatoid arthritis care.
A survey of over 900 RMD patients revealed that pain caused one in ten to have suicidal thoughts, highlighting the huge impact of pain on mental health. Poor sleep quality also had a negative influence on pain, with two thirds of patients rarely or never feeling fully rested.
A study at EULAR 2019 found that RA patients with IBD and type I diabetes have higher rates of venous thromboembolism, epilepsy, and heart attacks compared to controls. These findings suggest that these conditions may be novel comorbidities for patients with RA.
A study of 71 post-menopausal women found that those receiving zoledronate prior to denosumab had significantly lower risk of BMD loss. Younger age and higher bone turnover markers increased the risk of BMD loss after denosumab discontinuation.
Overweight four-year-olds have a doubled risk of high blood pressure by age six, with excess weight being the most common cause. Regular exercise and healthy diet can help prevent childhood obesity and its consequences, including cardiovascular disease.
The €2m High Performance Computing (HPC) project aims to optimise the sustainable exploitation of wind power. Annual energy production by wind turbines reached around 10.4 per cent in the EU, with Brazil experiencing over 10 per cent annual growth.