Articles tagged with Europe
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Countries recovering from war are at risk of being left without effective policies to tackle noncommunicable diseases, which can lead to increased mental health problems and premature deaths. Experts argue that a strong policy response is necessary to address the growing burden of NCDs in post-conflict countries.
A study of nurses and physicians in ICUs found that perceived inappropriateness of care was common, associated with inadequate decision sharing, communication, and job autonomy. The main reported reason for perceived inappropriateness of care was a mismatch between the level of care and the expected patient outcome.
Scientists have discovered how to build doughnuts with Lego blocks using a novel material with internal nanostructure made of two chemically discordant polymers. The discovery sheds light on the self-assembly of these materials, which could lead to breakthroughs in data storage, nanoelectronics, and pattern creation.
A study by Juan Rodríguez Teruel found that half of Spanish ministers are specialists in their field and have a university degree, challenging the notion of low ministerial qualifications. The study also revealed that most ministers hold power for short periods, often changing offices after three years or less.
A new study measures brain function to assess the impact of aging on a nation's economy. Cognitive function is found to be a better indicator of the burden of aging than chronological age. The study suggests that education, nutrition, and health standards are key factors in maintaining cognitive ability across nations.
The European Society of Cardiology emphasizes the importance of measuring rates of rehospitalization following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) procedures. A US study found that 12.4% of PCI patients need unplanned readmissions, highlighting the need for improvements in care and better data in Europe.
Studies using echocardiography revealed early signs of myocardial damage and impaired ventricular relaxation in cancer patients treated with trastuzumab. ACE inhibitors and statins were found to deliver cardio protective effects, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.
Speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) enables accurate infarct size estimation in STEMI patients. A new study demonstrates the use of 3D speckle-tracking to estimate infarct size and necrosis transmurality, providing a more comprehensive assessment of cardiac damage.
A new study predicts that Europe's streams will be heavily polluted with insecticides in the future, particularly in Scandinavia and Central Europe. The researchers recommend drastically reducing pesticide use and setting up buffer zones to mitigate this issue.
The UK Government has committed £75 million to develop the ELIXIR research infrastructure, a pan-European effort to manage and share life-science data. The initiative aims to promote knowledge-based economic growth and facilitate innovation in areas like food security, energy, and health.
Baltic scientists have reinvented the centuries-old sourdough bread-making technique, which was used in ancient times, to meet the needs of the modern food industry. The project FERMFOOD found ways to deliver a better flavor, texture and longer shelf life while maintaining dietary fiber and reducing additives.
The EUROTAST project brings together young researchers to study the transatlantic slave trade's history and impact. The four-year project will explore captives' origins in Africa and physical quality of life, with a focus on interdisciplinary research and public dissemination.
A recent study published in the European Heart Journal found that patients with a history of psychiatric hospitalization have a higher rate of death from any cause and cardiovascular disease compared to those without such a history. This increased risk was seen across both men and women, particularly among younger individuals.
Professor James Vaupel received the prestigious prize for his groundbreaking research on aging, statistics of senescence, and public health longevity. He was recognized for extending human lifespan by two additional years every decade, highlighting no looming limit to human lifespan.
A recent study found that South Asian patients are almost three times as likely to require repeat angioplasty and urgent treatment compared to White European counterparts. Despite higher rates of social deprivation and younger age at onset, the two groups showed similar long-term death rates.
A new mathematical model developed by an international research group can predict the stability of European nations and identify regions more likely to break up. The model considers demographic, economic, cultural, and genetic factors, showing a correlation between population genetics and cultural distance.
Research from the University of Sheffield found that people are willing to pay extra for greener urban spaces, with greater tree coverage attracting higher payments. The study surveyed public opinions on various redevelopment scenarios and found a strong correlation between green space quality and willingness to pay.
Michael Mann, renowned climatologist, will receive the Hans Oeschger Medal from the European Geosciences Union. The award recognizes his groundbreaking work on Earth's climate system, including the 'hockey stick' chart and advocacy for climate action.
A European consortium, led by EUREKA, has developed global standards for 4G technology, which will enable new ecosystems for mobile systems and devices. The consortium brought together major telecommunications companies and research institutes to create faster and more reliable wireless internet connections on smartphones.
A new study suggests a possible link between radon exposure and non-melanoma skin cancer in the southwest region of England. The research found a correlation between areas with high radon concentrations and squamous cell carcinoma cases.
EPL has published its first paper submitted from space, detailing experiments conducted on the International Space Station by German and Russian researchers. The study reports on the measurement of the speed of sound within complex plasmas under microgravity conditions, providing new insights into material properties.
The UK Flusurvey, launched by the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, will track seasonal flu spread across Britain and compare data with European countries. The online survey aims to detect flu epidemics early and provide insights into vaccine effectiveness.
FlexGen's DNA-sequencing technology helps identify genetic causes of diseases and adapts treatment. The company is now working on new technologies to introduce to the market, aiming to understand diseases at their core.
Global health training programs should be evaluated by the quality of experience for trainees from all settings and by the incremental improvement in in-country care, infrastructure, and research. Investments in human resources are crucial to discovering and delivering innovations in prevention and treatment.
A British team has discovered over 100 fortified farms and villages with castle-like structures in Libya's south-western desert, uncovering new evidence of a lost civilization. The Garamantes were highly civilized, living in large-scale fortified settlements, predominantly as oasis farmers.
EMBO has selected 22 young researchers for its prestigious Young Investigator Programme, aiming to support their promising careers. The programme provides funding, networking opportunities, and mentorship to help them advance their research.
The European Metrology for Earth Observation and Climate (MetEOC) project aims to enhance the accuracy of climate data by developing a coordinated international capacity. The project will focus on optical domain calibration, ocean color measurements, and ground-based prototype development.
A study by the Bank of Spain and Pablo de Olavide University found that public sector salary changes directly affect the private sector. The researchers analyzed data from four EU countries, including Italy, Spain, Germany, and France, to determine the extent of this influence. They also highlighted the role of institutional design, su...
A new study published in European Obstetrics & Gynaecology shows that DuoFertility's monitoring and support service can achieve pregnancy rates comparable to IVF for many infertile couples. This viable, non-invasive alternative could save the NHS millions of pounds each year.
A fossil fragment from Kent's Cavern in southern England establishes the presence of modern humans in western Europe by 40,000 years ago. The discovery joins a human skull and lower jaw from Romania, confirming modern humans at both ends of Europe by this date.
A piece of jawbone excavated from a prehistoric cave in England is the earliest evidence for modern humans in Europe, dating back to 44,000-41,000 years old. The discovery confirms the coexistence of Neanderthals and anatomically modern humans during the last Ice Age.
The report highlights the need for Humanities researchers to build and access 'fit-for-purpose' digital Research Infrastructures, addressing issues like funding models, institutional transformations, and coordination. Digital infrastructures offer new ways to explore old questions and develop new ones in Humanities research.
Researchers have re-analyzed ancient deciduous teeth from Grotta del Cavallo, Italy, and found they belong to anatomically modern humans. The new study suggests that Homo sapiens arrived in Europe earlier than previously known, with dates ranging from ~43,000-45,000 cal BP.
The European Science Foundation's report highlights key findings from a public consultation on the correlation between gender and innovation, emphasizing the importance of addressing leadership gaps and incorporating gender dimensions in research and innovation. The results advocate for increased policy intervention, funding opportunit...
Researchers developed a new statistical method to assess the bending elasticity of biological membranes, improving accuracy by up to 80%. The method uses Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution and has potential applications in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.
Dr. Modesto Orozco has been awarded an ERC Advanced Grant for his project SimDNA, a computational biology initiative aiming to unravel the structure and properties of nucleic acids. The five-year grant provides funding of around 2-3 million Euros.
Patients with transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) treated by a specialized hospital team had significantly lower risks of subsequent vascular events. The study found that the team's co-ordinated care, including nurse-led counselling and fast-track surgery, led to a substantial reduction in stroke risk during the first three months.
The University of New Hampshire will provide instruments for the ESA's Solar Orbiter and JAXA's SCOPE missions. The Solar Orbiter will study the Sun's influence on its environment, while the SCOPE mission will investigate magnetosphere processes and solar flares.
Researchers have discovered a new Ebola-like virus, Lloviu, in bats from northern Spain, which is the first filovirus native to Europe. The study reveals that Lloviu may be a cause for concern as it was detected in deceased bats with signs of an immune response, but not in healthy bats.
The FUTURAGE Road Map provides a comprehensive European research agenda for ageing, focusing on tackling health inequalities and promoting active ageing. The project's key recommendations include engaging end users of research, improving coordination among existing and future research, and building capacity in ageing research.
The UK and Norway are among European countries taking a leading role in improving social determinants of health. The WHO European Region has set up a review to address the growing health divide, which shows vast differences in life expectancy within and between countries.
The BLUEPRINT epigenome project aims to generate reference epigenomes and study them to advance knowledge of biological processes and mechanisms. Genomatix will provide data analysis and visualization interfaces as part of the $41 million European-funded consortium.
The BioP@ss project has developed advanced chip cards with embedded software for biometrics-enhanced passports and identity cards, reducing queues at airports and frontier posts. The technology boosts European security while simplifying access to public services, improving passengers' safety.
A recent study examines the cultural context of drinking's impact on the relationship between alcohol consumption and harm. The research reveals a significant dose-response relationship between alcohol and health issues across five European countries, with stronger links in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Sweden.
A study analyzing 500 organic substances in four major European rivers reveals that 38% are present in concentrations potentially affecting organisms. Most pesticides, not currently on the EU's list, pose a risk to aquatic ecosystems.
The thesis analyzes three national appellate asylum procedures in Europe, comparing their evidentiary standards and relating them to the EU legal order and international law. The study finds that national impacts play a significant role in adapting national procedures to external requirements.
The BURDEN study estimated 5,503 excess deaths from MRSA and 2,712 excess deaths from third-generation cephalosporin-resistant E. coli infections in Europe. These infections resulted in 255,683 extra bed-days and an estimated €62 million in costs.
Genome-wide studies have identified new genes involved in melanoma susceptibility, including Caspase 8 and ATM gene. The study validates regions and genes already identified as significant for melanoma, reinforcing the role of cell cycle genes like CDKN2A and CDK4.
Researchers analyzed SEC23B gene mutations in CDA II patients and found that two variants, R14W and E109K, are more common in Italian population. The R14W variant is believed to have originated 3,000 years ago in Southern Italy, while E109K may have originated in the Middle East around 2,400 years ago.
A new study from Stanford University reveals that North American babies infected with toxoplasmosis in the womb are more likely to suffer severe complications, including brain calcifications, hydrocephalus, and eye disease. The study suggests that a lack of prenatal screening and treatment may be contributing to these outcomes.
Researchers observed dense groups of Wels catfish in the Rhone River, estimating a total biomass of up to 1132 kilograms. These aggregations could excrete large amounts of phosphorous and nitrogen, creating potential biogeochemical hotspots.
A collaborative network of scientists, including UNC's Cam Patterson, has been awarded a $6 million grant to explore the biology of heart failure and find new therapies. The project aims to define the role of proteotoxicity in clinically relevant models of heart failure.
Research from the University of Warwick suggests that the 'Protestant work ethic' in the 19th century gave northern Europe an educational advantage over southern neighbors, leading to higher incomes and a larger income gap. This historical factor is believed to have contributed to the North-South debt crisis.
The European Medical Research Councils' White Paper assesses the current status of biomedical research in Europe and its international collaborators. The report highlights five key recommendations to improve the quality of life for Europeans and address global challenges.
A randomized controlled clinical study demonstrated that RESPeRATE can significantly relieve symptoms of heart failure in elderly patients. After 4 weeks of twice daily treatment sessions, patients showed a reduction in the severity of CHF measured by NYHA classification and dyspnea.
A new study predicts that climate change will lead to a significant increase in ozone-related deaths in several European countries. The largest increases are expected in Belgium, France, Spain and Portugal, with predicted rises of up to 14%.
A new study found that moderately premature babies have reduced lung function at 8-9 years old, which can cause breathing difficulties. However, these issues may improve as the child grows older, according to a research presented at the European Respiratory Society Annual Congress.
A study found that children born after mothers received chemotherapy during pregnancy had normal cognitive and cardiac development, but those born preterm were more likely to experience developmental delays. Researchers recommend continuing cancer treatment during pregnancy unless preterm delivery can be prevented.
Researchers found that invasive species like the European green crab may have a major advantage when starting at the upstream edge of their range, particularly in environments with strong prevailing directions of water or wind currents. This can help inform control efforts and conservation strategies for native species.
A recent study found that mutations in the SF3B1 gene are associated with a milder form of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and better overall survival rates. The researchers also discovered a close relationship between the mutated gene and the presence of ring sideroblasts, abnormal precursors to red blood cells, which can cause anaemia.