Articles tagged with Animal Research
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A recent study published in the New Zealand Journal of Ecology found that alpine-based hedgehogs hibernate in the same areas they used in summer and do not migrate to lower elevations. This discovery suggests that hedgehogs are residents in these zones, rather than just visitors.
The study contributes to deciphering genetic background of unique marsupial characteristics by creating genetically modified opossums. The researchers successfully edited a gene responsible for body pigments, producing albino offspring with inherited genes.
The study reveals that the structure of cytolysin subunits is crucial for their activity, with macrocycles playing a key role in stabilizing the molecule. The researchers also identified a hinge region important for the subunit's shape and membrane penetration capabilities.
A new decision tree tool has been developed to differentiate the endangered salt marsh harvest mouse from its abundant look-alike, the western harvest mouse. The tool uses machine learning to analyze characteristics such as belly color and tail hair, allowing for accurate identification with high accuracy.
Pikas reduce their metabolism to conserve energy during harsh winters, resulting in a 30% decrease in daily energy expenditures. In areas with high yak populations, pikas exploit an easily accessible food source, yak feces, which may help explain their relatively abundant presence.
Researchers at the University of Bern created an in vitro cell culture model biobank from 12 different animal species to assess their susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study found that rhesus macaques and cats may be particularly vulnerable, highlighting the need for close surveillance and early detection programs.
A recent study published in BMC Biology found that fruit bats in Tel Aviv enjoy a rich variety of food in the city, visiting multiple trees each night. In contrast, rural bats focus on one or two fruit trees and may migrate to cities for food, showcasing their adaptability.
A study published in Human Dimensions of Wildlife found that 96% of shark films portray sharks as a threat to humans. Dr Briana Le Busque and Associate Professor Carla Litchfield warn that sensationalized depictions can harm conservation efforts by perpetuating misconceptions about shark behavior and risk.
Jumping spiders can recognize biological motion, a visual cue that refers to the movements of living organisms. The ability is critical for survival and has been found in vertebrates, but this study demonstrates its presence in an invertebrate, challenging our understanding of evolutionary history.
A new model calculates maximum running speeds for animals of any size, revealing that medium-sized animals achieve top speed due to their body shape and leg structure. Larger or heavier animals are limited by the weight and stiffness of their bones, resulting in lower top speeds.
A long-term study tracked macaw movements using satellite telemetry over eight years, revealing large home ranges and daily travel distances. The research highlights the importance of conservation strategies for the scarlet macaw and similar species, which share habitats with endangered species and influence ecosystems.
Researchers discovered that storks are attracted to the smell of freshly cut grass, using their sense of smell to locate food sources. This finding suggests that the sense of smell may play a greater role in other birds than previously thought, contradicting previous assumptions about bird behavior.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University have developed a groundbreaking technology that restores tactile sensation via an electric current transmitted from a healthy nerve. The sensor, implanted on a damaged nerve, recreates the feeling of touch without requiring an external power source.
A new study reveals that light therapy's benefits come from activating the Period1 gene in a brain region involved in mood regulation. Exposure to light at the end of the dark period has an antidepressant effect on mice.
A University of Notre Dame study found that most gut microbiome traits are heritable, with 97% variation influenced by genetics. The research team discovered that environmental factors also play a significant role in shaping the microbiome, particularly across seasons and age.
A single-dose, intranasal COVID-19 vaccine has been shown to fully protect mice against lethal infection and block animal-to-animal transmission of the virus. The vaccine targets mucosal cells in the nasal passages and airways, where SARS-CoV-2 infections occur.
Researchers observed an egalitarian community among female vampire bats, with no specific quality predicting dominance. The study found that adult females had an equal opportunity to rank high or low in a dominance scale, and young males were subordinate to adults.
A study published in Journal of Experimental Biology found that Arctic seabirds are poorly adapted to cope with rising temperatures, leading to increased mortality rates. The researchers discovered that murres have an extremely poor ability to dissipate heat, making them more vulnerable to heat stress.
Researchers at UC Davis discovered that a cat's DNA influences its response to clopidogrel, a common medication for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in cats. Nearly 20% of cats showed resistance to the therapy, highlighting the need for personalized medicine.
Scientists from St Petersburg University describe the detailed structure of crocodylian braincases, revealing evolutionary features that enabled powerful jaws. The study resolves long-standing contradictions in the genealogical tree of reptiles and sheds light on developmental mechanisms behind the akinetic skull structure.
The article emphasizes the importance of integrating different disciplines and stakeholders in conservation efforts. Key findings include the need for increased funding and expert guidance for transdisciplinary research, as well as the benefits of such approaches, including improved data quality and innovation.
Researchers discovered how flies choose their food based on neural activity and hunger levels, with findings that may apply to human food choices too. Hungry fruit flies prefer sweet, nutritious food over lower-calorie options when hungry, but adapt their preferences when presented with novel foods.
Researchers discovered a large resting colony of Guadalupe fur seals on El Farallón de San Ignacio Island in the Gulf of California, bringing the total number of sites to four. The population is believed to reach 41,000 individuals and is growing at an annual rate of 10-11%.
Great snipes and great reed warblers have been found to fly at much higher altitudes during the day than at night, with one bird reaching an altitude of 8,700 meters. This pattern may be a general trait among migratory birds, which could help explain their behavior and migration patterns.
A study found that cats are more susceptible to COVID-19 than dogs, with 67% of owned cats testing positive for antibodies. Cats that sleep on their owner's bed are particularly at risk, and prolonged contact with owners may increase the chance of infection.
A new study evaluated eight miRNA applications to simplify the process of discovery and characterization. Two programs, sRNAbench and miRExpress, stood out for their high sensitivity and low run times, making them suitable for use in plants with varying genome sizes.
A new beetle species, Triamyxa coprolithica, has been found in 230-million-year-old fossil feces attributed to a dinosaur ancestor. The beetles were preserved in the coprolite fragment, providing a detailed description of the new genus and insights into early insect evolution.
A study found that wildfires alter male red-backed fairywrens' plumage, making them less attractive to females, while also lowering circulating testosterone. This suggests an evolved response to minimize breeding during unfavorable environmental conditions.
Researchers used genetic techniques to show that bobtail and bottletail squids share a recent common ancestor, with major biogeographic events influencing their evolution. The study found that these events led to the diversification of many species, with some lineages emerging in response to changes such as the closure of the Tethys Sea.
A new Cal Poly study suggests rattlesnakes will thrive in a warming climate, with preferred body temperatures ranging from 86-89 degrees Fahrenheit. This could lead to longer hunting seasons and reduced energy needs for survival.
Researchers found that spiders from 11 different families can catch and eat snakes, including species up to one meter in length. The venom of these spiders also has a similar effect on snake nervous systems as it does on humans.
Researchers study rare warbler hybrid with mismatched color patterns to disentangle genetic drivers of traits usually inherited together. The team identifies new location in genome linked to black face mask and confirms previously identified region for black throat patch.
The Horizon 2020 projects RISK-HUNT3R and TOX-Free aim to develop animal-free strategies and tools for chemical risk assessment, combining in vitro and computational approaches. The projects will improve the accuracy and efficiency of safety assessments, enabling the development of sustainable alternatives.
A new study uses machine learning to predict over 20,000 unknown virus-mammal associations, expanding our knowledge of zoonotic diseases. The model identifies bats and rodents as key hosts for emerging viruses, highlighting the need for targeted surveillance and mitigation strategies.
Research from the University of Colorado Boulder reveals that Toxoplasma-infected hyena cubs are more bold and approach lions from closer distances, leading to a higher risk of death. The parasite has a direct and detrimental impact on hyena fitness.
Researchers from Stockholm University found that animal sperm evolve rapidly only when fertilization occurs inside females. Sperm size varies dramatically among species, but internal fertilization leads to supersized sperm.
Researchers report that solar energy can produce microbial protein-rich biomass with significantly higher yields than traditional crops. This photovoltaic-driven process uses land and sunlight efficiently, offering a resource-efficient food source for a growing global population.
Research suggests that combination therapies made from two antibodies retain potency against a wide range of COVID-19 variants, preventing emergence of drug resistance. The findings support the use of combination therapy for treating infections with this virus as more variants emerge.
A novel mRNA-based vaccine has shown high levels of protection against malaria in animal models, offering new hope for combatting this deadly disease. The vaccine uses a lipid nanoparticle to stimulate the immune system and trigger a protective response.
A team of researchers from the University of Freiburg has developed a new technology that enables controlled introduction of target genes into individual selected cells. They achieved this by introducing genetic information with an optical remote control, allowing only cells illuminated with red light to take up desired genes.
Researchers warn that biological controls have failed to stop the spread of coconut rhinoceros beetles in Pacific islands, putting Australian gardens and industry at risk. The beetles' population genetics reveal multiple virus variations, complicating control efforts and highlighting the need for urgent research.
Mesobot, a versatile underwater robot, provides unprecedented insight into the mid-ocean twilight zone. The robot tracks and records high-resolution images of zooplankton, gelatinous animals, and particles, greatly expanding scientists' ability to observe creatures in their mesopelagic habitat with minimal disturbance.
A study finds that scientific papers on Alzheimer's disease research conducted in mice are more likely to be covered by the media if they don't mention mice in their titles. This results in exaggerated news headlines and limited reporting of the actual limitations of animal-based research.
A new study identifies a separate species of tree hyrax, Dendrohyrax interfluvialis, which inhabits the wet and dry forests between the Volta and Niger rivers in West Africa. The species is characterized by distinct barks, anatomical differences, and genetic distinctness from other hyrax lineages.
The study found that animals have evolved to prefer tastes that correspond with their elemental needs, helping them prioritize nutrient-rich foods. Convergent evolution was observed across mammalian, fish, and insect groups, highlighting the importance of taste in foraging and nutrient cycling.
A new study using near-infrared (NIR) spectrum cameras has shown that these small, mobile cameras can help detect more snakes and could lead to an automated python tracker. By utilizing NIR cameras, pythons can be detected 20% farther away than with visible cameras.
A study by West Virginia University found that most animal studies disregard the rodents' natural circadian rhythms, leading to issues with reproducibility and validity. Researchers recommend using techniques such as housing animals in darkness during the day to simulate nighttime conditions.
Researchers found that larger amphibian females lay more eggs, reducing extinction risk, while large mammals bear fewer offspring per birth. This challenges the long-held theory that larger species are more at risk of extinction.
The first-ever nationwide mammal survey in the US has been published, utilizing 1,509 motion-activated camera traps from 110 sites across all 50 states. The data reveals that urban areas tend to have higher overall mammal detections, with three top sites being urban locations.
Researchers observed porpoises taking on six different roles during group hunts, including a distant gatherer and shepherd, which led to successful captures of fish. This collaborative hunt is more sophisticated than previously thought, with individual animals sharing information and coordinating their actions.
A new research project, PROFERMENT, aims to create sustainable plant-based foods by optimizing plant-based protein sources through fermentation. The researchers use Bacillus bacteria and moulds to increase nutritional value and create desirable taste and structure, with the goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Researchers discovered larger touch receptors on male turtle-headed sea snakes, potentially sensing vibrations made by swimming mates, prey or predators. These receptors may help males orient towards the female's direction during mating.
Researchers discovered a link between chronic high blood pressure and elevated intracranial pressure, validating a non-invasive monitoring method. The study proposes treating high blood pressure with losartan to prevent intracranial hypertension and its complications like stroke.
A new study suggests that increasing a protein in brown adipose tissue remodels white fat to lower diabetes risk. The research found that genetically engineered mice with extra protein had lower blood sugar and insulin sensitivity.
Researchers are collaborating to evaluate detection canine technology and eDNA detection sensitivity for preventing invasive mussel invasion in Texas. Detection canines have shown great success in detecting mussels at all stages of life, but their limits for late-stage larval detection have not been studied.
A new study uses cultural data to inform gray wolf recovery efforts in the US, highlighting Colorado's supportive social environment for wolf reintroduction. The research reveals a shift towards mutualism, where people view animals as companions and part of their social networks.
Scientists have found that exceptionally well-preserved fossils in the Burgess Shale, Canada, could have been moved by mudflows without damage, throwing doubt on the idea that they all lived together. This discovery suggests that early marine animal communities may be more complex and diverse than previously thought.
Researchers analyzed Raman spectral analysis data from nine geological formations to estimate oxygen levels during the Proterozoic Eon, finding minimum oxygen levels were 2-20% of present levels. This suggests that oxygen did not hinder eukaryote and early animal evolution during this time period.
Researchers analyzed YouTube comments on exotic animal videos and found overwhelmingly positive reactions to human-animal interactions. The study highlights concerns about the normalization of exotic pets and the exotic pet trade due to platform portrayals.
A research team at ETH Zurich has created a comprehensive bovine genome reference by integrating data from six breeds, revealing numerous new genes and functionalities. These newly discovered sequences show connections to immune functions and may provide insights into genetic variants lost during domestication.