Articles tagged with Animal Research
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The Andean condor flaps its wings only 1% of the time during flight, with most movement occurring through air currents. Research using high-tech flight-recorders revealed that over 75% of wing movements are associated with take-off.
A recent review in the Journal of Intelligence identifies two main problems hindering research in comparative psychology: anthropocentrism and a narrow view of cognition. The authors argue that studies should take a biocentric approach, considering each species in its own right, and focus on cognitive abilities unique to each species.
New research shows road verges can provide vital food and shelter for bees, butterflies, and hoverflies. By mowing less, limiting street lighting, and reducing pollution, managers can create 'corridors' to aid pollinator conservation.
A recent article in Nature Reviews Microbiology calls for more research into bats' molecular biology and ecology to predict and prevent the next pandemic. Bats carry a vast number of viruses, with evidence linking different species to human outbreaks of SARS, MERS, Ebola, and other diseases.
Researchers at Yale University have discovered a novel approach to finding biological signals in ancient fossils, providing insights into major evolutionary questions. The study has already revealed valuable information about the soft shells that encased early dinosaur eggs and identified an ancient creature known as the Tully Monster.
Researchers used ATLAS to track Egyptian fruit bats and found they use a cognitive map to navigate their environment, remembering locations of food sources and roosting caves. This study provides the most comprehensive evidence for a cognitive map in any wild animal.
A decentralized global system could screen wild animals and their products for disease-causing viruses, allowing for early detection of potential pandemics. The proposed system would use rapid genetic sequencing on site and upload to a central database for analysis.
A new study from UChicago found that rats are less likely to help a trapped companion if they are with other rats that aren't helping. However, the presence of confederate rats made of an antianxiety drug can actually increase helping behavior in duos and trios.
Researchers found that certain immune cells in belly fat can reverse age-related impairments and chronic low-grade inflammation. This therapy promotes rejuvenation and improves physical fitness and vaccination responses in aged animals.
Researchers report a small fossil reptile named Kongonaphon kely, related to dinosaurs and pterosaurs, which suggests that these giant animals originated from extremely small ancestors. The analysis of body size evolution and fossil wear indicates a diet of insects.
A new review of lizard data reveals that up to 2.75% of all lizards may have two or more tails, with potential ecological impacts on individual fitness and population dynamics.
Ornithologists at the University of Utah found that community science bird data shows different trends in bird populations than professional surveys, especially in developing countries. The researchers hope to encourage more conscientious recording and connection between birders and professionals to fill data gaps.
Researchers found that animals exhibited unusual behavior up to 20 hours before earthquakes, with stronger reactions closer to the epicenter. The movement data were evaluated using statistical models, suggesting a potential for an animal-based earthquake early warning system.
Researchers have found snake-like venom glands in the ringed caecilian, a limbless amphibian, which may indicate an early evolutionary design of oral venom organs. The discovery suggests that caecilians could be the oldest land-dwelling vertebrates with oral venom glands.
Researchers at Kumamoto University have developed a novel sperm selection technology that uses microfluidic chip technology to improve in vitro fertilization (IVF) rates. The technique successfully collects and selects fertile sperm with high viability, resulting in higher fertilization rates.
A new study found widespread use of products made from vulnerable species like sun bears, Asiatic bears, and serows in northern Laos. The demand for these products poses a significant threat to their populations, highlighting the need for conservation efforts to reduce unsustainable harvests.
Researchers tracked guineafowl movement using X-ray technology to study foot patterns below ground. They found that despite varying substrates, the birds' foot movement remained consistent, suggesting fossilized dinosaur tracks could be from the same species.
Scientists discovered colorful insect specimens in 99-million-year-old amber fossils, revealing the secrets of true coloration. The study sheds light on the behavior and ecology of ancient animals, providing insights into ecosystems in the deep geological past.
Scientists have identified similarities between ancient New Zealand penguins and Northern Hemisphere plotopterids, suggesting both groups were strong swimmers that used their wings to propel them deep underwater. The study sheds light on how birds evolved to use their wings for swimming instead of flying.
Researchers developed a new calcium indicator that accumulates only in neuron bodies, reducing crosstalk and improving signal accuracy. This breakthrough allows for more precise monitoring of individual neurons and their roles in brain functions.
Scientists successfully deliver healthy mitochondrial complexes to liver cells in rats, offering a new approach for treating liver diseases. The method, which uses a protein coating to target mitochondria to the liver, shows promise for addressing a significant gap in current treatments.
A survey of British Halal meat-eaters found that many would consider switching to stunned meat if assured it complies with Islamic slaughter rules. The study's results suggest the UK may adopt a New Zealand-style model for halal meat production, which addresses animal welfare concerns and provides consumer reassurance.
A study by Oregon State University found that flappers are more effective than traditional PVC spirals in reducing bird fatalities from power lines. The research suggests flappers be used as the first choice when installing bird flight diverters, with comparable materials and production costs.
Research confirms that breeding areas with more open canopies do provide opportunities for timber rattlesnakes to reach required body temperatures, but also increase risk of hawks and bobcats. Forest managers should balance canopy cover and predation risk during future conservation efforts.
A new method using environmental DNA (eDNA) detection can efficiently monitor captive animals for pathogens, reducing the need for huge sample sizes and costly processes. eDNA sampling from tank water is more efficient than testing individual samples, according to Washington State University researcher Jesse Brunner.
Researchers found that long-tailed tits use distinctive calls to recognize close relatives and avoid inbreeding. The study reveals a potential mechanism for these birds to minimize the risk of reducing reproductive success.
Researchers show that hamsters infected with SARS-CoV-2 develop protective immunity against reinfection, while treatment with convalescent serum limits virus replication. The study demonstrates the potential of hamsters as a model for COVID-19 research and suggests a possible effective treatment using convalescent plasma.
A recent genetic study involving 378 Arabian horses from 12 countries found a larger degree of genetic diversity than previously thought, contradicting popular notions about the breed's history. The research also revealed that the modern-day Thoroughbred does not contribute genetically to the Arabian horse, contrary to common belief.
Researchers found that northern bobwhites are drawn to habitats based on the presence of other birds, which could aid in conservation efforts. This phenomenon, called conspecific attraction, was studied using recordings of bobwhite songs.
Researchers warn that SARS-CoV-2 can infect various animals, posing a risk of transmission to humans. Implementing surveillance programmes is crucial to detect infected animals and prevent outbreaks.
A recent literature review in Biological Reviews reveals significant knowledge gaps about crocodilians' ecological role, emphasizing the need for future research on population dynamics, feeding and nutrition, and decline impact. The study also highlights San Diego Zoo Global's conservation efforts for crocodilians.
A new study found that rehabilitated Kemp's ridley and loggerhead sea turtles exhibit a substantial stress response when transported to release locations in the southern United States. Despite this, the turtles remained physically stable and ready for release, with minimal impact on their vital signs or blood data.
SlothBot, a slow-moving and energy-efficient robot, is being tested at the Atlanta Botanical Garden to monitor endangered species and the environment. The robot's unique design allows it to linger in the trees for months or years, providing new insights into critical ecosystems.
Researchers from the University of Bath have developed motion capture technology that can digitise dogs without a suit and using only one camera. This technology has various applications, including helping vets diagnose lameness and monitoring recovery in canine patients.
Scientists study cockroach movements to understand how animals overcome energy barriers in tricky terrain. By mimicking cockroaches' 'jittering' legs, researchers create robots that can transition between movements with ease.
New research reveals that guinea pigs were originally domesticated in the Andes region of Peru around AD500, and later introduced to the Caribbean through trade networks. The study used ancient DNA analysis to clarify the origins of guinea pigs found on islands in the Caribbean, contradicting previous theories.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute isolate powerful coronavirus-neutralizing antibodies from recovered COVID-19 patients and test their effectiveness in animals, achieving results in under seven weeks. The discovery offers hope for a rapid response to the pandemic and potential clinical trials for treatment and preventive measures.
A recent study found that seven patient samples contained M. orygis, a subspecies not typically associated with human TB, indicating potential zoonotic transmission in India. The researchers suggest broadening the definition of zoonotic TB to include other MTBC subspecies capable of causing human disease.
A study found that female great tits can reduce their body temperature at night when fed supplemental food during winter, increasing survival chances. In contrast, male great tits do not exhibit a similar response, suggesting males prioritize access to food.
Researchers found that animals' movement across their territories can lower the number of infected but increase disease persistence within populations. This finding challenges traditional views on disease transmission and highlights the importance of considering individual animals' movement in studies.
Researchers discovered ancient crocodile footprints with evidence of bipedalism, similar to that of dinosaurs. The discovery suggests that these prehistoric creatures may have walked upright on their hind legs.
A new study on extinct camelids provides the first quantitative characterization of their ecomorphology in ancient North American savannas. The analysis reveals that these ecosystems were drier than modern African savannas, leading to a decrease in ungulate diversity.
Two researchers received a prestigious award for their innovative methods in reducing animal use in poultry red mite testing and developing human and mouse embryonic stem cell cultures. Their work has significantly reduced the number of animals used in these fields, paving the way for further improvements in 3Rs research.
A new study found that European roads are a significant threat to wildlife, with over 194 million birds and 29 million mammals killed annually. The research ranked the most vulnerable species, including the hazel grouse and russet ground squirrel, which are classified as Least Concern but face high roadkill rates.
Researchers have developed a nanometric-scale theoretical model to create structures that kill bacteria by using elastic forces. The flexibility of these pillars is closely connected to their appearance, and varying the height of the pillars can determine their bactericidal efficacy.
Researchers found that less than 10% of protected areas are home to invasive species, but almost all are at risk due to nearby human activity and lack of monitoring. The study highlights the need for increased efforts to monitor and record invasive alien species in protected areas.
A new study finds that temperate insects are as threatened by climate change as tropical species due to their inactive periods. The researchers analyzed insect populations and found temperatures close to optimal or critical limits, risking population decline and ecosystem disruption.
Researchers at Rice University have developed an egg-based coating that protects fruits and vegetables from rotting, extending their shelf life comparable to standard coatings like wax. The coating, made from egg whites and nanoscale cellulose, is all-natural, washable, and non-toxic.
Researchers at Politecnico di Milano develop cutting-edge models for studying SARS-CoV-2 infection, accelerating the discovery of antiviral drugs and vaccines. Innovative tools like 3D supports, microfluidic chambers, and intravital microscopy promise to replace traditional animal research.
Research published in PLOS ONE found that social status, not body size, determines reproductive success for female mountain gorillas. High-ranking females produce offspring more frequently due to preferential access to males. Dominance rank is linked to reproductive benefits, even with abundant food supply.
Researchers advocate for heterogenization, deliberately including biological variation in study design to balance conditions and improve generalizability. This approach aims to maximize knowledge gain per animal and experiment while reducing the number of animals needed.
A new study reveals that metabolic differences in Humboldt penguins' blood can indicate their nesting habitat, with distinct patterns of sugars found in sheltered and exposed nests. The findings suggest that penguins in exposed areas are more likely to be exposed to air pollution.
Researchers at UCI have engineered human cells to mimic squid skin, allowing them to change their transparency and scattering of light. The study's findings offer a potential method for tuning light-scattering properties in human cells and may lead to new biomolecular markers for medical applications.
Scientists used ancient DNA to link fragments of Dead Sea Scrolls, revealing new insights into their meaning and historical context. The analysis found that scrolls made from the same animal skin were more likely to belong together.
An international team recommends integrating biological variability into experimental design to produce more generally valid results. This approach, called systematic heterogenisation, aims to reduce the number of experiments needed while increasing their reproducibility.
Research from Curtin University analyzed ancient DNA to understand the causes of animal extinctions during the Ice Age. The study found that while plant diversity recovered as climate warmed, large animal diversity did not recover, suggesting human hunting was a major factor in megafauna extinction.
Research by the University of Bristol found that certain fish perform better in disordered groups due to their increased alertness and ability to detect food sources. This challenges the traditional view of orderly group behavior as always beneficial for foraging, highlighting individual diversity as a key factor.
Researchers found that loggerhead sea turtles harbor thousands of microscopic organisms, including nematodes, on their shells. The study adds at least 111 new species to the list, revealing a complex relationship between turtle migration patterns and microbial communities.
A new method dubbed 'DEEP-Clear' allows researchers to visualize individual cells and their extensions in complex tissues like the brain. This approach enables scientists to capture 3D images of cells and tissues without sectioning, opening up new avenues for studying neural stem cell biology.
Researchers have developed a wearable device that uses external electric fields to trigger insulin release from bioengineered cells, stabilizing blood glucose levels in mice. The approach opens the door for remote-controlled diabetes therapies and represents an expansion of electrogenetic toolboxes for human therapeutics.