Articles tagged with Education Research
A new study found that older adults with chronic illnesses can benefit from wellness programs regardless of whether they are conducted in a classroom setting or at home. The programs produced significant improvements in anxiety and depression symptoms, as well as reductions in medical symptoms and better sleep quality.
Researchers used a copula model to analyze joint mortality data, finding that considering two covered lives as dependent rather than independent reduced annuity values by about 5 percent. The study's findings have significant implications for actuarial research and annuity valuation.
The UCSF report reveals significant variations in cardiovascular risk factors among different ethnic/racial groups and regions in California. High blood pressure and diabetes rates are disproportionately affecting African Americans and Hispanics, with 41.5% of African American men and 35% of African American women having high blood pre...
The National Patient Safety Foundation has awarded four grants totaling $350,000 to researchers studying various aspects of patient safety, including clinical expertise and drug name confusion errors. The grants aim to reduce preventable healthcare errors and promote patient safety as a distinct field of research.
NSF-supported astronomers discovered that the expansion of the universe is accelerating, driven by a yet unknown force. Circadian rhythms research also made significant progress, with discoveries on genes regulating molecular cycles in fruit flies and cyanobacteria.
A newly discovered glycosphingolipid receptor may help explain susceptibility to urinary tract infections and provide a potential new treatment strategy. The receptor, called sialosyl galactosyl globoside (SGG), is suspected to be on urogenital tract cells in about 30% of all men and women, binding strongly to E. coli bacteria.
Chemists have discovered a key to enhancing hydrodesulfurization, the most widely used process for removing sulfur compounds from crude oil. By observing individual molecules on surfaces, they found that nickel atoms can act as 'sticky ballbearings,' capturing thiophenes and helping them bind at optimal edge sites.
A global plan has been launched to cut childhood asthma deaths by 50% through improved education, increased accessibility of effective anti-asthma therapies, and enhanced research into the disease's causes and treatment. The plan targets significant reductions in mortality, morbidity, and school days lost due to asthma.
A study of over 400 premature and low birth-weight children found that early intensive intervention significantly improved short-term academic achievements. However, by age 9, the benefits of this intervention had faded, leaving further investigation into long-term outcomes needed.
Cathleen Synge Morawetz, a NYU professor emerita, is the first woman to receive the National Medal of Science for mathematics. Her pioneering work in partial differential equations and wave propagation has led to applications in aerodynamics, acoustics, and optics.
Researchers at Amgen have demonstrated how a newly discovered protein regulates feeding behavior, suggesting a potential treatment for obesity. The study found that the protein blocks alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone, leading to increased food consumption.
Researchers found that single mothers and single fathers have similar success rates in raising well-behaved and high-performing children. However, single mothers tend to face socioeconomic disadvantages that can affect their ability to provide a positive family environment.
The new detection system, developed by Dr. Gregg Henderson and his team, samples the air in building walls to analyze for termites' unique gases. Early detection could prevent significant damage, saving homeowners millions annually.
A study found that smoking-related illnesses and deaths have risen sharply in the US and France, with increased female smoking causing a steady increase in disease and mortality. The proportion of deaths attributable to cigarette smoking rose from 16.7% to 47.4% among American women.
Protein folding research is undergoing explosive growth, revealing secrets of spontaneous self-assembly process, according to an editorial by Jay Winkler and Harry Gray. The study focuses on chemical kinetics and includes real-time observations, advancing efforts to design new drugs and decode genetic information.
Researchers found that dissolved humic material can bind radionuclides, speeding contaminant migration. This process has significant implications for existing and future waste facilities, as low levels of humics in groundwater can facilitate transport.
The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory has established a new adjunct organization to coordinate nuclear nonproliferation programs, research, and policy work in the region. The center aims to promote collaboration among stakeholders for proliferation prevention and arms control policy.
Researchers found that low SES patients experience worse quality of life after treatment despite aggressive cardiac procedures. They require significant lifestyle changes, physical rehabilitation, and medication management, which can be inaccessible or misunderstood by this group.
A study by U-M epidemiologists found that Americans living in cities with greater income disparities are more likely to die than those in cities with lower disparities. Researchers also examined the characteristics of individuals using emergency contraceptive pills and proposed a plan to improve home care efficiency.
A University of Pittsburgh study found that electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) can predict the development of heart disease in women with high accuracy. The test measures calcification in coronary arteries and aorta, indicating the presence of atherosclerosis.
The Wistar Institute has received a three-year grant to recruit and equip laboratories of new scientific investigators in regeneration, signal transduction, and brain tumor research. The institute is grateful for the support, which will help transform its programs and attract high-quality scientists.
A study of 95 men and women found that pharmacist intervention increased blood pressure control by 55% compared to medical care alone. Pharmacists' counseling on diet, exercise, and medication adherence led to improved outcomes, especially among high-risk minorities.
Researchers at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center have shown that arsenic effectively induces remission in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), a potentially fatal type of cancer. Eleven out of 12 patients achieved remission after treatment with low doses of arsenic trioxide, experiencing mild side effects.
Researcher Jasna Jovanovic's study found that girls are less interested and confident in science due to systemic issues outside the classroom. The study of 165 students in innovative science classrooms showed a decrease in girls' self-perceived scientific abilities, highlighting the need for broader solutions.
A study of over 500 couples found that marriage leads to a temporary increase in physical activity, particularly among new brides and grooms. However, this effect is short-lived, and all groups show similar activity levels by the tenth year.
Researchers at UCSF and the Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease have discovered a gene that encodes DGAT, a key enzyme in fat production. This finding has implications for understanding human energy cycles, obesity, and cardiovascular disease.
Researchers from the University of Michigan, Northwestern University, University of Minnesota, and University of Wisconsin have formed a virtual center to facilitate collaboration. This innovation uses collaborative tools and technology to enable researchers to work together as if they were in the same location.
The Whitaker Foundation has awarded more than $30 million to The Johns Hopkins University and the University of California, San Diego for biomedical engineering programs. This marks the largest individual grants in its 23-year history.
A University of Michigan study reveals that surrogate mothers express some degree of disappointment about their roles, with those who have satisfied relationships with adoptive parents experiencing better outcomes. The quality of the relationship post-birth significantly impacts long-term satisfaction and regret among surrogate mothers.
The University at Buffalo has received a $350,000 grant from the National Science Foundation to connect its high-performance network infrastructure to the VBNs, allowing for faster research collaboration and data transfer. The university's joining Internet 2 will also enhance its competitive position in research and education.
The University at Buffalo has established a multidisciplinary doctoral concentration in geographic information science, supported by a $2.2 million NSF grant. Doctoral students will take core and elective GIS courses while earning degrees from seven participating departments.
The Johns Hopkins University Center will combine advanced information technology with surgical expertise to create dramatic changes in medical care. The center will focus on developing computer vision, sensors, and robotic devices for computer-assisted surgery.
The university will use the funds to enhance science classrooms, provide research opportunities, and strengthen outreach programs for middle and high schools. The grant will also support the development of a new computer laboratory and introduce active learning experiences in biology courses.
Scientists have identified a correlation between activated CD44 and disease flare-ups in pediatric patients with lupus and rheumatoid arthritis. The study suggests that monitoring blood levels of activated CD44 may enable early prediction of exacerbations, potentially leading to improved treatment outcomes.
Scientists at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center successfully treated melanoma in mice with a new DNA-based vaccine, inducing an immune response that attacked cancer cells and prevented tumor spreading. The vaccine also caused autoimmunity, a condition that may indicate a good outcome for patients.
Virginia Tech is conducting a national study on long-haul drivers' sleep quality and performance. The research aims to evaluate the effects of sleeper berth use on driver alertness and driving performance.
A study found that children of divorce are more likely to become smokers and problem drinkers as adults. For boys, divorce increases the likelihood of problem drinking, while girls from divorced families have similar rates of smoking and problem drinking as those from intact families.
Scientists identify a new pathway through which HIV can disturb the function of uninfected cells, leading to a sudden decline in immune function. The research suggests that blocking HIV binding to CXCR4 could stop advanced AIDS progression in patients with certain strains of the virus.
The Whitaker Foundation has awarded over $7.5 million to biomedical researchers at 29 universities to tackle medical problems and improve human health. The grants support innovative research in areas like regenerative medicine, biomechanics, and tissue engineering.
Researchers identified two distinct forms of prostate cancer, with one being more aggressive. The study also found that p27 plays a role in Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH), which is genetically different from prostate cancer and not a precursor to its development.
Researchers will evaluate traumatic brain injury treatment at OHSU and Legacy Health System's hospitals, rehabilitation services, and outpatient care. The study aims to better understand long-term outcomes for patients with brain injuries.
Researchers developed a unique micro-scratch tester to examine tiny scratches in real-time, revealing that small cracks appear and create voids before material loss. This discovery led to the creation of new coatings with improved scratch durability, which have been applied to cars for field testing.
Researchers at Spalding Sports Worldwide aim to create a golf ball that travels up to five yards farther when hit by the average amateur golfer. They are exploring solid-core balls with modified cores and new crosslinking agents.
A study by Penn State researcher Valarie King found that church-going grandparents have closer, more involved relationships with their grandchildren. The research, which collected data from over 500 White families, showed a moderate correlation between religiousness and grandparent involvement.
A new study by Dawn Stauffer and Rukmalie Jayakody found that 23% of welfare recipients had major depression, anxiety disorders, or other mental health problems. This rate is significantly higher than previously estimated, highlighting the need for comprehensive mental health services in welfare reform.
Four Pennsylvania science teachers participated in a research expedition to study hydrothermal vents and active volcanoes on the ocean floor. The teachers worked with international scientists to understand how communities of animals live on these structures and developed new lesson plans for their students.
The center will focus on 'designed' materials using computer-based analysis, modeling, and simulation to create tailored fibers and films. The project aims to reduce operating costs exponentially and generate over $200 billion in industry-wide revenue.
Scientists discover that adding defects to materials can enhance their performance in semiconductor devices, leading to breakthroughs in information technology, high-speed communications, and the development of new LED technologies. Researchers are also exploring ways to exploit defects in optical fibers to increase bandwidth capacities.
A new educational program for third and fourth-grade children significantly lowers cholesterol levels and improves cardiovascular health within eight weeks. The classroom-wide approach is more effective than targeted small groups, suggesting a need for policy changes at the elementary school level.
The Westwood-Squibb Center for Dermatology Research will examine the impact of managed care on dermatology and advance the specialty through dissemination of information and examination of ethical practices. The center aims to improve skin care and address economic, ethical, and policy issues in dermatology.
A recent study highlights the importance of delivering bad news effectively to patients with cancer and other serious illnesses. The findings emphasize that withholding information or breaking bad news abruptly can exacerbate distress, while honest and empathetic communication can lead to better adjustment in the long term.
A new University of Michigan study suggests that Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) in California are doing a better job of selecting high-quality hospitals for their patients. In the study, researchers found that HMO enrollees were more likely to receive care from above-average hospitals compared to those with other insurance plans.
Researchers at Purdue are testing the effectiveness of golf courses in filtering surface water and studying urban environmental issues. The course is also being used to investigate various creeping bentgrass cultivars and methods to control annual bluegrass, with goals including reducing transplant shock in newly planted trees.
A Duke University Medical Center study found that biological differences and later diagnosis contribute to the disparity in survival between black and white prostate cancer patients. The study surveyed 231 men from North Carolina and ruled out unequal treatment as the root cause of the higher mortality rate among blacks.
The DFG's new programme aims to promote the independence of young scientists by providing funding for research work abroad and independent research at German universities. It targets especially qualified young scientists and will handle 100 new grants per year, with up to DM 120 million in funding.
Researchers suggest that anti-smoking programs should focus on countering the influence of parent smoking, rather than just peer pressure. Early interventions may help modify risk factors such as low behavioral self-control and parental monitoring.
A new study found that the biggest factor in student cheating is the instructor, with tenured or tenure-track faculty reducing cheating. Professors can reduce cheating by offering multiple exam versions, giving verbal warnings, and using additional proctors, making students 25-13-11 percent less likely to cheat.
The new CERIAS center will address information security issues from various perspectives, including sociology, psychology, criminology, and economics. It will provide training opportunities for students and work with industry and government researchers worldwide.
The Society of Actuaries (SOA) honored ten authors with top awards for their research in actuarial modeling, including the Lew Award and Anderson Memorial Award. The SOA's Committee on Knowledge Extension Research chose winning papers based on achievement in actuarial modeling research.
Researchers at Eastern Oregon University developed a new method to assess salt content in fish, reducing waste and ensuring food safety. The technique uses near-infrared spectrophotometry to analyze the salt content of live fish, allowing for precise addition of salt to meet safety standards.