Articles tagged with Vaccine Development
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Scientists have discovered that pneumolysin triggers an immune response by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome, which provides protection against infection caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. This breakthrough could lead to more effective vaccines for pneumococcal diseases.
USDA scientists have developed vaccines to protect farm-raised catfish against key diseases, including Streptococcus iniae and S. agalactiae. The modified live vaccine has been shown to create a lifelong immunity in fish, with previous research breakthroughs benefiting the catfish industry.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has awarded contracts to develop three biodefense vaccines to protect against dengue, anthrax, and other emerging infectious diseases. The vaccines aim to improve vaccine delivery and immune response for large-scale protection.
The Aeras Global TB Vaccine Foundation has received a $362,102 grant from the US FDA to develop new biological and immunological biomarkers for TB vaccine development. The project aims to evaluate four mycobacterial growth inhibition assays and identify T-cell immune responses associated with protective vaccines.
A new TB vaccine candidate called AERAS-422 is undergoing clinical trials to evaluate its safety and immunogenicity. The vaccine aims to interrupt TB at all stages of infection, including initial infection, latency, and reactivation.
The Phase II study will establish the optimal dosing regimen and then be tested in Kenya, Mozambique, South Africa, and Uganda. The TB vaccine candidate has been shown to have an acceptable safety profile in early-stage clinical trials.
The formation of AVAN, the AIDS Vaccine for Asia Network, aims to accelerate research and development of an AIDS vaccine through government advocacy and improved coordination. With over 5 million people infected and 500 million at risk, regional efforts must be strengthened to combat HIV in Asia.
A new hepatitis E vaccine has demonstrated 100% efficacy in preventing infection, with protection offered across all age and sex subgroups. The vaccine is safe and can be used in both rich and poor countries, as well as for tourists, making it a crucial development in outbreak control.
A South Korean study has shown that patients infected with hepatitis B are around twice as likely to develop non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The study found an increased risk of NHL and malignant immunoproliferation in HBV-positive individuals.
Researchers at University of Miami use computer algorithms to design live vaccines, which are then synthesized to specification. This approach allows for a wide margin of safety against potential mutations, enabling the creation of safe and effective vaccines against various types of viruses.
Researchers found that HPV vaccines are not covered by patent claims granted in India, leaving room for production of biosimilars offering protection against the two most common HPV strains. This could improve access to the HPV vaccine in low-income countries.
Experimental vaccines developed with these approaches produced strong immune responses in mice, potentially safer than the only available RVF vaccine. Researchers are hopeful that these new strategies may be advantageous to controlling RVF, providing a safer alternative to existing live virus vaccines.
Researchers at Mount Sinai School of Medicine have developed a new influenza vaccine that targets the HA globular head, bringing science closer to a universal influenza vaccine. The vaccine was shown to be effective against multiple strains in mice, with all vaccinated mice surviving and unvaccinated mice dying.
A newly developed experimental Ebola vaccine has shown protection in monkeys against a newer Ebola virus species identified in 2007. The vaccine induces a robust T-cell response that can cross-react with other Ebola virus species.
Researchers have developed a novel influenza vaccine that could represent the next step towards a universal influenza vaccine eliminating seasonal immunizations. The vaccine uses headless hemaglutinin (HA) protein, inducing a broader and more robust immune response in mice.
Experts argue for shifting focus from biomedical mechanisms to socio-environmental aspects of neglected tropical diseases. Mass drug administration is recognized as a cost-effective approach for controlling these diseases, while integrating biomedical and social approaches through 'social offsets' may complement this strategy.
Scientists have developed an immune-deficient mouse model to study CCHF virus behavior in humans, a significant step towards vaccine and antiviral development. The model can help evaluate the safety and effectiveness of potential treatments, addressing the lack of suitable animal models for testing.
A study found that south-south collaborations between biotech firms in developing countries are increasing, enabling the production of affordable health products. These collaborations have already led to successful vaccine development and distribution, such as the Brazil-Cuba collaboration during Africa's meningitis outbreak.
The dry powder, inhalable vaccine has been shown to be stable under challenging environmental conditions and is estimated to cost only 26 cents per dose. Phase One clinical trials are set to start in India this summer, followed by Phase Two trials involving a larger number of patients.
A new HIV modeling system developed by Chinese researchers suggests that CD8+ T cells could be useful in developing an AIDS vaccine. The model incorporates random patterns in the virus' mutation and immune response, mirroring real-life clinical behavior.
Researchers have developed a new vaccine strategy using the Giardia parasite's surface proteins to prevent or mitigate future infections. The engineered parasites work as effective vaccines when given orally to gerbils, offering a promising approach for delivering oral vaccinations in developing countries.
The Lancet Editorial calls for increased public commitment to combat malaria, citing a 20-year development timeline and £500 million investment. A broader public-private partnership is needed to support the development of an effective vaccine, with $20 billion pledged by Bill Gates.
A new study by the University of Edinburgh found that respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) claims the lives of up to 200,000 children globally each year. The research also showed that about 3.4 million children require hospital treatment for severe lung infection caused by RSV.
Researchers developed a vaccine targeting an abnormal protein MUC1, found in both IBD and colon cancer. The vaccine delayed IBD development and reduced inflammation, reducing cancer risk.
Researchers have developed an experimental vaccine for chikungunya virus, which has already infected millions of people in Asia, Africa, and Europe. The vaccine, composed of virus-like particles, successfully protected monkeys from infection.
The American Society for Microbiology honors Samuel L. Katz with the Maurice Hilleman/Merck Award for his decades-long work on vaccine development. Katz, a renowned expert in vaccine research, has made significant contributions to pathogenesis, vaccine discovery, and disease prevention.
A research program aimed at understanding malaria infection and developing effective treatments and vaccines has been awarded $12.7 million. The program will investigate the parasite's ability to evade the immune system and develop resistance to existing drugs.
Scientists have developed a simple and cheap way to make vaccines stable at tropical temperatures, eliminating the need for refrigeration. The method involves mixing vaccines with sugars and drying them on membranes, preserving the active part of the vaccine and allowing it to be shipped at normal temperatures.
Scientists at Oxford University have developed a new method to make vaccines stable at tropical temperatures using Nova Bio-Pharma Technologies' patented HydRIS system. This technology has the potential to revolutionize vaccination efforts, particularly in the developing world where infectious diseases kill millions of people every year.
Researchers developed peptide vaccines that stimulate T cells to attack cancer cells in mice, achieving 100% tumor-free survival for at least 60 days. The successful vaccines stimulated T cells recognizing both the peptide vaccine and natural antigens, producing a large population of activated T cells.
Researchers have proven that subneutralizing levels of dengue virus antibodies exacerbate the disease, contradicting the normal function of antibodies. This finding has major implications for developing a vaccine against dengue virus, which annually infects 50-100 million people worldwide.
Researchers have developed a new malaria vaccine that has shown strong and long-lasting immune responses in young children, surpassing antibody levels found in adults. The vaccine, FMP2.1/AS02A, targets the blood stage of the disease and was tested in 100 Malian children, with all doses proving safe and well-tolerated.
Pneumococcal disease is a leading vaccine-preventable killer of children under age five, causing life-threatening infections. Dr. Thomas Cherian's work has helped advance medical science and inform policy to overcome obstacles in awareness, financing, and vaccine access.
Scientists have developed an experimental VLP vaccine that protects macaques and mice against chikungunya virus, a debilitating disease with no current treatment. The vaccine, using non-infectious virus-like particles, elicits immune responses and provides complete protection from infection.
The rotavirus vaccine has been shown to prevent severe diarrhoea in African children, with a 61.2% reduction in incidence. The vaccine's efficacy was lower in Malawi compared to South Africa, but it still demonstrated significant impact in reducing mortality rates.
Researchers at Uppsala University have identified a biodegradable substance with higher activity than existing adjuvants, paving the way for therapeutic vaccines to be used as cost-effective treatments for diseases like cancer and allergies.
The HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine (Cervarix) induces a strong and sustained antibody response and has a favourable safety profile. Vaccine efficacy against incident infection with HPV-16/18 was 95% and against 12-month persistent infection was 100%.
The Elsevier journal Vaccine has released a supplement dedicated to vaccines for biodefense, showcasing significant advancements in vaccine development against diverse human and veterinary pathogens. The publication acknowledges the shift from traditional military focus to protecting both civilian and military populations.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases has awarded approximately $208 million to two programs that support research on the human immune response to emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. This funding aims to identify new vaccines and drug targets, with a focus on developing prevention tools and therapeutics.
Researchers identified 78 homegrown health biotechnology companies producing innovative products for all neglected diseases, including the Big 3. A proposed 'Global Health Accellerator' service aims to connect these firms with expertise and funding to reach additional villages worldwide.
The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute has received a US$100,000 Grand Challenges Explorations grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to develop a genetically attenuated live malaria vaccine. The project aims to provide strong and lasting immunity against Plasmodium falciparum, the parasite that causes deadly human malaria.
A systematic review of six randomized trials found pneumococcal conjugate vaccines reduced vaccine-type IPD by 80%, all-serotype IPD by 58% and x-ray defined pneumonia by 27%. The vaccines also prevented 11% of child deaths.
A study published in Virology demonstrates that the ancient pathogen cowpox still has much to teach us about developing novel vaccines. Researchers identified 9 new protective components of the virus, which offered superior protection in a mouse model compared to existing vaccines.
The Government of Canada is supporting scientific research to deepen knowledge of the H1N1 flu virus. Five new projects, totaling $2.4 million over two years, will investigate how to manage health-care resources during a pandemic, impact on pregnant women, and development of new drug therapies.
A new method of delivering measles vaccines, using an inhalable powder, has shown promise in test animals. The powder is produced by mixing a weakened measles virus with high-pressure carbon dioxide and can remain stable for at least eight weeks at room temperature.
The MSD Wellcome Trust Hilleman Laboratories aims to develop new vaccines to prevent diseases affecting low-income countries. The not-for-profit joint venture will work on optimizing existing vaccines and developing new ones, with the goal of increasing vaccine impact in resource-limited settings.
Researchers at Oregon State University have developed a new vaccine adjuvant using lecithin nanoparticles, which showed improved immune response and reduced toxicity compared to existing alum-based adjuvants. The new adjuvant could potentially become a universal carrier for vaccines and help tackle various diseases more effectively.
The new initiative will characterize the human immune system under normal conditions and following infection or vaccination, using systems biology approaches. Researchers will analyze human samples from well-characterized cohorts to identify specific patterns of immune molecules that reflect immune system function.
A dry powder inhalable measles vaccine is being developed for clinical trials in India, which could save millions of lives annually. The vaccine uses a patented process called CAN-BD to create an inhalable powder that can be administered via a simple inhaler.
Researchers at Yerkes National Primate Research Center propose alternative approaches to developing an effective AIDS vaccine, including making infected individuals resistant to disease progression or reducing the number of cells the virus can infect. They draw inspiration from African nonhuman primates that adapt to HIV-like viruses i...
The University of Rhode Island has been awarded a $13 million grant from the National Institutes of Health to develop vaccines for emerging infectious diseases. The grant will fund research on immunome-derived vaccines, which have the potential to be safer and more effective than traditional vaccines.
A new study by IVI-NICED found that the Vi polysaccharide vaccine is highly effective in protecting young children against typhoid fever, with 80% protection rate in children under five years old. The vaccine also conferred substantial herd protection, reducing typhoid risk among unvaccinated neighbors by 44%.
Researchers have developed a malaria vaccine that effectively blocks the parasite's sexual development, critical for transmission. The vaccine induced a significant immune response in mice and non-human primates, with a 93% transmission-blocking rate after a single dose.
Nearly half of the world's population is at risk of malarial infection, causing over 250 million clinical episodes and one million deaths each year. Researchers identified key challenges in developing a protective malaria vaccine, including identifying which proteins provoke a strong immune response.
The Immune Epitope Database and Analysis Resource (IEDB) is the world's largest collection of scientific data on how the immune system responds to infectious diseases. With its 2.0 launch, researchers worldwide can now easily access and analyze over 95% of published information on immune epitope responses.
A MSU researcher has developed a working vaccine for Enterotoxigenic E. coli, responsible for 60% of all E. coli diarrheal disease. The vaccine could save untold lives and also provide relief from post-operative complications such as paralytic ileus and urinary retention.
A researcher at Northwestern University has developed a new oral vaccine using probiotics that induces a powerful immune response, protecting against diseases such as anthrax and breast cancer. The vaccine harnesses the body's primary immune force in the small intestine, bypassing traditional injection methods.
A study found that a tissue-cultured smallpox vaccine elicited high levels of seroconversion and an effective booster response in adults, with no severe adverse events reported. The vaccine's safety and immunogenicity were demonstrated in both previously vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals.
The Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health (PERCH) initiative aims to study the causes of pediatric pneumonia in five to ten countries, using modern diagnostics and methods to guide vaccine and treatment development. This effort could help prevent many pneumonia deaths and develop tools to tackle even more cases.
Researchers at UT Health Science Center are developing a vaccine targeting alpha-synuclein to prevent Parkinson's disease progression. The vaccine has the potential to slow symptom onset, a current challenge in treatment.