Articles tagged with Vaccine Development
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The primary COVID-19 vaccines provided adequate protection against transmission, hospitalization, and death, but their effectiveness waned in the face of the Omicron variant. The study found that vaccines developed prior to Omicron's emergence were 83% effective against infection at baseline, but this decreased to 47% by 40 weeks.
Scientists create B cell organoids to screen conjugate vaccine candidates, identifying antigen-specific antibodies with potential applications. The platform accelerates testing throughput, offering insights into the immune response to vaccines.
Researchers have developed an organoid-based method to assess the potency of glycoconjugate vaccines, speeding up the vaccine development process. This method uses tissue from a single mouse to create hundreds of immune organoids, allowing for the assessment of dozens or even hundreds of vaccine candidates in just four days.
The funding will support the development of next-generation delivery technology for mRNA vaccines and CRISPR-based genome editing. This will enable broader application of messenger RNA therapeutics, including for various diseases and immunological properties of nanoparticles.
A new study creates an experimental combo vaccine by adding a key protein from norovirus to a harmless strain of rotavirus, generating antibodies against both viruses. Mice produced neutralizing antibodies in response to the vaccine.
Researchers at the University of Chicago have found that adding small molecules called immunomodulators to vaccine adjuvants can regulate the body's response to vaccines, reducing negative side effects. The study increased antibody response in flu vaccine models and reduced inflammation in typhoid vaccine models.
Scientists discovered that B cells play a crucial role in controlling tuberculosis (TB) infections by directing helper T cells, known as T follicular helper (Tfh)-like cells, to granuloma tissue in the lungs where they can activate macrophages. This finding holds promise for developing better treatments and vaccines for TB.
A new live attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine administered through the nose has shown better immunity than injected vaccines in hamster models, reducing transmissibility. The vaccine stimulates local immunity by activating antibody immunoglobulin A and memory T cells, providing early protection against COVID-19.
An international project aims to discover modifiable cellular and molecular pathways of the developing infant immune system to improve infant vaccine responsiveness and prevent respiratory disease. By analyzing infants' immune systems from birth to five years old, researchers hope to identify biomarkers that predict vaccine responsiven...
Researchers at La Jolla Institute for Immunology have developed a high-resolution view of the LCMV glycoprotein, revealing its structure and potential vulnerabilities. The breakthrough enables the development of an engineered antibody that can prevent LCMV disease, offering a new route to treatment.
Researchers have created two novel adjuvants that significantly enhance the immune response to vaccines. The new adjuvants target toll-like receptors and are designed to be tailored for every individual vaccine, potentially reducing side effects and increasing effectiveness.
Researchers at the University of Maryland School of Medicine are using mRNA vaccine technology to combat various infectious diseases. A new clinical trial aims to test an mRNA-based vaccine against malaria, with hopes for a rapid adaptive response to virus evolution and the manufacture of combination vaccines.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and severe COVID-19 increase the risk of long COVID. Vaccination is protective against developing long COVID sequelae.
The study found that vaccination significantly reduces the risk of long COVID, while factors such as being overweight, female, smoker, or over 40 increase the likelihood of developing the condition. Vaccination halves people's risk of developing long Covid
A new subset of memory B cells, marked by the FcRL5 receptor protein, has been identified as a predictor of long-lived antibody responses to influenza vaccination. These effector memory B cells can be detected seven days after immunization and correlate with vaccine antibody responses months later.
The CoDe tool enables precise edits to genetic codes, making vaccines safer and more effective. It can also modulate gene expression in small sections, aiding vaccine design and basic research.
A global maternal Strep B vaccination program could avert over 200,000 cases and more than 31,000 deaths, as well as reduce disability in children. The study found that a one-dose vaccine program could cost $1.7 billion globally, while saving $385 million in healthcare costs.
A global study aims to better understand the burden of Human papillomavirus (HPV) among girls and women in low- and lower middle-income countries. The study will inform effective strategies to prevent infection and introduce HPV vaccine into national programs, protecting the health of girls and women and reducing rates of cervical cancer.
A Phase 1 trial of a thermostable tuberculosis (TB) vaccine candidate found it to be safe and stimulated both antibodies and cellular responses. The vaccine, ID93+GLA-SE, was well-tolerated and produced higher levels of antibodies in recipients compared to a non-thermostable formulation.
A Phase 1 clinical trial of AAHI's thermostable, freeze-dried single-vial ID93 + GLA-SE vaccine candidate showed higher levels of antibodies and favorable cellular immune responses compared to the two-vial presentation. The results represent significant progress in global efforts to combat TB.
A 21-person commission of public health experts calls for networked communities sharing accurate vaccine information to counter misinformation. The US has seen a surge in anti-vaccine activism, leading to vaccine hesitancy and increased illnesses.
The US government invested at least $337 million in critical research leading to mRNA COVID-19 vaccines before the pandemic, and $31.6 billion during it. These public investments saved millions of lives and have potential to address future pandemics and treat other diseases.
A recent study found that public investment in critical research contributed significantly to the development of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. The US government invested at least $337 million in research over 35 years, including basic science and vaccine development.
A new approach to boosting protein production has been discovered, which could lead to the generation of a universal booster for protein production. The breakthrough centers on Exin21, a sequence that increases mRNA synthesis and stability and protein expression and secretion.
Despite over 100 years of TB vaccine research, only one vaccine has been widely used, and a second is urgently needed to combat the ongoing pandemic. Promising new candidates are now in phase 3 trials, including an adjuvanted subunit vaccine that demonstrated 50% protection against TB infection in a phase II trial.
The NIH is conducting a clinical trial to assess the safety and efficacy of S-217622, an investigational antiviral drug, in hospitalized adults with COVID-19. The trial aims to determine if S-217622 can improve recovery times compared to a placebo.
A new Northwestern University study suggests that COVID-19 boosters may be less effective due to pre-existing antibodies from initial vaccinations. The study found that these antibodies can rapidly clear the booster from the body, limiting its efficacy. Increasing time between vaccinations is also beneficial for the immune response.
The Cleveland Clinic has launched a phase 1b clinical trial to evaluate the safety and immune response of a preventive breast cancer vaccine in high-risk individuals who have undergone prophylactic mastectomy. The study aims to recruit 6-12 patients and is expected to be completed by the end of 2023.
The Access to Advanced Health Institute has received a $9.9 million award to develop an intranasal bivalent influenza RNA vaccine candidate based on its self-amplifying RNA platform that targets both pandemic A(H5N1) and A(H7N9) influenza virus pathogens.
A new NIH-developed vaccine, VSV-SUDV, has been shown to completely protect cynomolgus macaques against a lethal Sudan virus challenge. The vaccine, based on the Ebola VSV vaccine concept, demonstrates cross-protective immune responses and provides rapid protective immunity to Sudan virus.
Researchers developed a new way to increase vaccine potency by changing the structural location of antigens and adjuvants. This approach, called 'rational vaccinology,' allows for precise dosing and tailored presentation of vaccine components, leading to improved immune response and cancer cell targeting.
A new vaccine has shown efficacy in protecting against three common fungal pathogens responsible for fatal fungal infections. The experimental vaccine targets Aspergillus, Candida, and Pneumocystis, with broad, cross-protective antifungal immunity demonstrated in preclinical animal models.
An experimental vaccine against Marburg virus demonstrated a good safety profile and induced strong, long-lasting immunity in a Phase 1 clinical trial. The vaccine candidate, cAd3-Marburg, induced an immune response in 95% of participants and maintained that response for over 48 weeks.
Researchers developed a vaccine platform that uses nanoscopic particles to deliver antigens, which can stimulate immune responses. The platform showed promise in early trials with mice, with improved survival rates against influenza and HIV.
A new COVID-19 vaccine has been tested in humans, showing a good immune response and few side effects. The effectiveness of the vaccine is currently being investigated, but initial results suggest it could provide long-lasting immunity.
A new paper proposes sharing intellectual property rights to vaccines with the global community to increase access and potentially save millions of lives. By doing so, companies can raise prices for medicines under patents and sell them only to those willing to pay the most to maximize profits.
A new study provides evidence on when OAS occurs and how it impacts seasonal vaccines and booster shots. The findings suggest that boosting against a new strain can be effective if the new strain is sufficiently different from the previous one.
Researchers found that high levels of mucosal IgA antibodies in the airways protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection for at least eight months, with a 90% lower risk of re-infection. Participants with prior infections generated stronger mucosal immune responses to Omicron breakthrough infections.
A large study found that most symptoms of long COVID resolve within a year after a mild COVID-19 infection. Vaccinated people were at lower risk of breathing difficulties, the most common effect to develop after mild infection, compared with unvaccinated people.
Researchers explore challenges and propose next-generation vaccine strategies for mucosa-replicating viruses, which evade full immune response due to short incubation periods and nasal mucosa replication. To overcome immune tolerance, significant knowledge gaps must be filled on ideal vaccine formulations, dosage, and techniques.
The immunization program costs in low- and middle-income countries are driven mainly by the cost of delivery, with a funding gap projected to decline in the coming years. To bridge this gap, both national-level scale-up and resource mobilization are essential for improving vaccine financing.
A study published in Journal of Hepatology found that efficient priming of HBV-specific CD4 T cells is crucial for the success of therapeutic hepatitis B vaccination. The researchers developed a novel heterologous prime-boost vaccine, TherVacB, which induced antiviral efficacy in preclinical mouse models.
Researchers developed a CSIC vaccine that fully protects against SARS-CoV-2 infection in the brain and prevents associated brain damage. The MVA-CoV2-S vaccine candidate demonstrates sterilizing immunity and was effective even after reinfection with the virus.
A new three-dose malaria vaccine demonstrated safety and efficacy in adults living with endemic malaria in Burkina Faso, providing up to 48% protection. Researchers reduced the number of required injections from five shots to three while improving vaccine efficacy.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital have developed a dual-action cell therapy approach to eliminate established tumors and induce long-term immunity. The vaccine, engineered using CRISPR-Cas9, is designed to kill tumor cells and stimulate the immune system to destroy primary tumors and prevent cancer recurrence.
Texas Biomed is at the forefront of developing a Sudan ebolavirus vaccine and antibody therapeutic to combat the ongoing outbreak in Uganda. The Institute has been awarded millions of dollars in contracts to run studies required for FDA approval, utilizing its BSL-4 laboratory facilities.
The Ebola vaccine trials found all three regimens safe in both age groups, with antibody responses detectable for one year. The study enrolled over 3,100 volunteers in Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Mali.
Researchers at La Jolla Institute for Immunology have confirmed that the smallpox vaccine MVA-BN (JYNNEOS) can teach T cells to recognize and fight the mpox virus. The study suggests that the JYNNEOS vaccine may provide protection against severe disease and could be effective in immunocompromised individuals.
Researchers at Scripps Research, IAVI, Fred Hutch, and VRC publish study data in Science, revealing a stepwise approach to producing antibodies capable of targeting wide range of HIV variants. The Phase 1 trial shows favorable safety profile and induces targeted response in 97% of vaccinated individuals.
Researchers have found that experimental vaccines, including a protein-based vaccine candidate with an adjuvant, provide superior protection against lung disease and higher levels of neutralizing antibodies compared to mRNA vaccines. The results inform the optimization and development of COVID-19 vaccines for young infant populations.
A new serological test, PepSeq, allows scientists to quickly test antibody binding against hundreds of thousands of protein targets, helping prepare for and respond to pandemics. The technology identifies specific antibodies that provide protection against infection, holding promise for developing effective vaccines and treatments.
A global Phase 2/3 clinical trial found that vaccination with SCB-2019 reduced the risk of transmitting SARS-CoV-2 infection to household members. The study showed a significant reduction in symptomatic cases among vaccinated household contacts and indicated that vaccines can play an important role in controlling future outbreaks.
Researchers found that antibodies against one of the two main domains of the SARS-CoV-2 viral entry machinery elicit a broad antibody response against many variants. This suggests strategies for clinical development of variant-resistant vaccines.
A new tablet-based vaccine has shown long-lasting protection against bacteria that cause urinary tract infections (UTIs) in mice. The vaccine was found to be comparable to antibiotics in efficacy, with durable antibody responses lasting for the lifetime of a mouse.
Biovac has concluded a licensing agreement with the International Vaccine Institute (IVI) to manufacture an oral cholera vaccine, addressing the critical shortage of vaccines needed to prevent cholera globally. The partnership aims to increase production volumes, reduce supply gaps, and support Africa's indigenous vaccine industry.
A new study published in PLOS Medicine found that COVID-19 vaccination provides significant protection against reinfection, with varying levels of effectiveness (60-94%) across different variants. The study analyzed data from over 200,000 people in Denmark and showed that vaccination offered up to 71% protection during the Alpha period...
Researchers have developed a new approach to stopping viral infections using a live-attenuated DNA virus vaccine. The method employs centanamycin to generate an altered virus that can't reproduce inside cells, stimulating the host's immune system to recognize and eliminate the invading virus particles.
The FDA's investigation into its own oversight of clinical trials reveals a concerning lack of surveillance, leaving room for scientific misconduct. Experts argue that the agency should inspect sites more frequently to ensure data quality and integrity.
A team of scientists at Boston Children's Hospital created a new tool to analyze vaccine responses, enabling better understanding of immune system reactions. The Immune Signatures Data Resource contains data from 53 studies covering 24 different vaccines.
Researchers have developed a new nasal vaccine that induces potent lung immunity and protects against SARS-CoV-2 infection in mice. The vaccine approach, which targets the nose, airways, and lungs, has shown promising results in preventing COVID-19 infection.