Articles tagged with National Laboratories
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers on the ISS National Lab have leveraged microgravity to study fundamental physical phenomena, such as heat transfer, combustion, and fluid dynamics. These discoveries hold potential for advances in pharmaceuticals, energy production, materials manufacturing, and more.
The National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) has received the Readers' Choice Award: Best HPC Collaboration and Editors' Choice: Best Use of HPC in Physical Sciences. This is the 14th consecutive year NCSA has been honored with an HPCwire award.
Scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory have demonstrated that complex calculations can accurately predict the distribution of electric charges in mesons. The new predictions match measurements from low-energy experiments and extend into the high-energy regime planned for future collider experiments.
Researchers have developed a new method to image nuclear shapes using high-energy particle smashups at RHIC, revealing subtle details about atomic nuclei. This technique complements lower energy methods and has implications for fields like nuclear fission, neutron stars, and exotic particle decay.
The project aims to identify and fabricate optimized first-wall materials using advanced computer simulations enhanced by machine learning, accelerating the discovery of new materials by 100-fold. The research will leverage synthesis, irradiation, and testing facilities to conduct a high-impact materials discovery campaign.
The Department of Energy awarded nearly $1 million to researchers at the University of Arkansas to develop a prototype for high-voltage power modules that can handle higher voltages and temperatures. The goal is to create smaller, more efficient, and more reliable fast-charging stations for electric vehicles.
Researchers developed a large-scale optical programmable logic array that can execute complex models like Conway's Game of Life, marking a significant advancement in optical computing. The array uses parallel spectrum modulation to achieve an 8-input system, significantly expanding the capabilities of optical logic operations.
Chemists at Brookhaven Lab develop new theoretical framework to accurately predict catalyst behavior, revealing how conditions like temperature and pressure can change a catalyst's structure, efficiency, and products. The study highlights the significant impact of reaction environment on catalytic performance.
Researchers have developed functional interlocking metasurfaces that offer more structural strength and stability than traditional techniques like bolts and adhesives. These metasurfaces can selectively disengage and re-engage on demand while maintaining consistent joint strength.
A team of researchers at Argonne National Laboratory has proposed a new type of optical memory that uses quantum defects to store data. By embedding rare-earth emitters in a solid material and transferring energy between them, the researchers aim to create an ultra-high-density storage method that could potentially exceed current limits.
Scientists from Brookhaven National Laboratory have developed a new type of qubit that can be easily manufactured without sacrificing performance. The constriction junction architecture offers a simpler alternative to traditional SIS junctions, using a thin superconducting wire instead of an insulating layer.
Juan Jimenez, a Goldhaber postdoctoral fellow at Brookhaven National Laboratory, has been recognized as a Blavatnik Awards Finalist for his work on developing new catalysts to convert greenhouse gases into industrially useful materials. His research focuses on minimizing hazardous byproducts and using solvent-free processes.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have validated a cathode hydrogenation mechanism as the cause of self-discharge in lithium-ion batteries. This discovery could lead to the development of smaller, lighter and cheaper batteries with improved lifespan.
A team of researchers discovered a class of materials that mimic the behavior of axons by spontaneously amplifying electrical pulses. These materials can harness internal instabilities to create spiking behavior and amplify signals, potentially leading to more efficient computing and artificial intelligence.
The RV Resilience, a 50-foot hybrid-electric research vessel, enables researchers to transport and install large equipment in Sequim Bay for marine energy testing. The vessel's electric mode reduces noise pollution and supports sensitive acoustic measurements.
Boscoboinik's work on nanocages that trap noble gases like radon and xenon could lead to affordable air purification methods and more efficient industrial production. The technology has market value worth hundreds of millions of dollars and could save lives by preventing lung cancer.
Researchers have engineered a catalyst that converts methane into methanol in a single step, reducing the need for multiple reactions and increasing efficiency. The new process has potential applications for local deployment of stranded natural gas reserves.
Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory's STAR Collaboration have discovered a new kind of antimatter nucleus, antihyperhydrogen-4, composed of four antimatter particles. The discovery was made using the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and analyzed details of collision debris.
Climate change is projected to increase hydropower generation in the US, with a 5% rise in near-term production and 10% increase in midterm. However, seasonal changes and regional variations may lead to significant decreases in some areas, such as the Southwest.
Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory used X-ray absorption spectroscopy to study promethium, a rare and radioactive element. The team successfully observed promethium form chemical bonds with neighboring oxygen atoms in an aqueous solution, providing new insights into its complex chemistry.
The International Space Station National Laboratory is collaborating with NASA to fund up to $4 million in research addressing significant diseases like cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disease. The joint solicitation aims to leverage microgravity to improve existing or develop new technologies for health problems ...
Mary Bishai, a Brookhaven physicist, has been recognized as a Distinguished Scientist Fellow by the DOE Office of Science. Her work on understanding neutrinos' properties has led to extraordinary leadership and service to the particle physics community. As a mentor, she is guiding the next generation of researchers.
Researchers developed a new technique to study charge density waves in materials, revealing two previously unobserved ways electricity can manipulate their state. The method allows for the observation of nanoscale lengths and nanosecond speeds, with potential applications in energy-efficient microelectronics.
An international team successfully realizes periodic oscillations and transportation for optical pulses using a synthetic temporal lattice. They observe the features of SBO collapse, including vanishing oscillation amplitude and flip of initial oscillation direction.
Researchers have discovered a new connection between the nanoscale features of a piezoelectric material and its macroscopic properties, providing a new approach to designing smaller electromechanical devices. The mesoscale structures reveal a complex tile-like pattern that aligns dipoles in a specific way under an electric field.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have made significant strides in understanding the mesoscale properties of a ferroelectric material under an electric field. The breakthrough holds potential for advances in computer memory, lasers, and sensors.
Xiao-Qing Yang, a physicist at Brookhaven National Laboratory, has spent his career studying and improving battery materials using advanced characterization tools. His work has led to a fundamental understanding of the relationship between structure and performance in battery systems.
Researchers successfully applied atomic pair distribution function (PDF) analysis at X-ray free-electron laser facilities to study ultrafast material transitions. They discovered a new material phase, resolving years-long scientific debate and paving the way for designing novel transitioning materials with commercial applications.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have developed a faster and more energy-efficient way to manufacture propylene, a key chemical in producing polypropylene. The new process uses zirconium combined with silicon nitride, yielding higher catalytic activity and lower operating temperatures.
Scientists have successfully created element 116 using a beam of titanium-50, marking a crucial step towards creating the heaviest element yet, element 120. This achievement validates the method of production and provides a promising path forward for researchers to explore elements at the extremes.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have developed biodegradable and recyclable luminescent polymers that can break down under heat or mild acid. The material showed a tenfold increase in light-emitting efficiency, making it suitable for applications such as displays and medical imaging.
Rocio Uria-Martinez, an energy and environmental economist at ORNL, was recognized for her work on the U.S. Hydropower Market Report detailing industry trends. Her research analyzed climate change impacts, pumped storage hydropower operations, and cost allocation in multipurpose projects.
Researchers have developed a new technique to overcome the perceived limitation of membranes with pores of consistent size, enabling unprecedented selectivity in size-based separations. By studying isoporous membranes, scientists uncovered a dynamic that could surmount hindered transport limitations.
A team of scientists at Argonne National Laboratory has discovered that a lithium nickel manganese cobalt (NMC) oxide degrades rapidly with charge-discharge cycling due to changes in its lattice structure. This finding could lead to the development of lower-cost electric vehicles with longer driving ranges.
Researchers have created a new efficient catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction, a crucial step in producing hydrogen from water. The catalyst is about four times better than the current state-of-the-art iridium catalyst, requiring less iridium to produce hydrogen at the same rate.
Researchers have developed a method to create and control optical qubits in silicon with high precision, enabling the fabrication of reliable quantum computers. This breakthrough could advance quantum computing and networking capabilities, paving the way for breakthroughs in human health, drug discovery, and artificial intelligence.
A new, high-yielding variety of camelina has been engineered with a gene that increases oil production by 21.4%. The modified seeds have lower levels of flavonoid compounds and mucilage, but higher levels of genes involved in oil synthesis.
Erin Webb, lead at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, elected Fellow of ASABE for significant contributions to sustainable agricultural and forest resource use. Her research focuses on biomass supply chain and logistics, circular agriculture, and renewable energy.
A novel mechanical metamaterial, 'Chaco,' exhibits history-dependent behavior, allowing it to remember the sequence of actions performed on it. This property enables potential applications in memory storage and robotics.
Researchers have discovered that a platinum nanoparticle catalyst can assemble and disassemble itself during reaction and post-reaction conditions. This reversible process may offer clues to the catalyst's stability and recyclability, with potential benefits for controlling long-term stability.
Researchers at JPMorgan Chase, Argonne National Laboratory and Quantinuum show a quantum algorithmic speedup for the QAOA algorithm on the Low Autocorrelation Binary Sequences problem. The team demonstrates a significant step towards reaching quantum advantage, laying the foundation for future impact in production.
Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory identified 28 trace metals in secondhand and thirdhand tobacco smoke, including cadmium, arsenic, and chromium. The study found that the predicted indoor air concentration for these metals exceeded California's cancer risk guidelines, highlighting the need to understand their contrib...
Researchers have discovered the detailed mechanism of sugar signaling in plants, which involves a protein called KIN10 that acts as a 'sensor kinase' controlling biochemical pathways. The study reveals how sugar levels affect plant growth and oil production, providing insights into potential engineering of proteins to increase oil prod...
F. William Studier, a senior biophysicist at Brookhaven National Laboratory, has won the 2024 Merkin Prize in Biomedical Technology for his T7 expression technology, enabling large-scale production of RNA and proteins for biomedical research and pharmaceuticals. His work has saved millions of lives with COVID-19 mRNA vaccines.
A new device uses small amounts of light to process information, offering significant energy improvements over conventional optical switches. This technology could enable quantum communications, providing a promising alternative for data security against rising cyberattacks.
A new roadmap proposes a holistic approach to reducing net-zero carbon emissions by converting various parts of the economy to run on renewable electricity. The approach includes developing non-carbon fuels, finding non-fossil sources of carbon, and keeping carbon in play through circular economies.
The US-based roadmap aims to reduce carbon emissions from transportation and industrial sectors by reusing existing carbon, not just capturing or sequestering it. Researchers from national laboratories are working to accelerate discovery of transformative technologies to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050.
By 2050, one-third of the world's basins may reach peak groundwater extraction, leading to significant shifts in trade and agriculture. Scientists analyzed patterns in nonrenewable groundwater usage over the next century to inform decision-making and adaptative measures.
Researchers developed a high-resolution lidar technique that can measure cloud droplet number concentrations remotely. The device provides unprecedented fine-scale structure at the base of clouds, enabling scientists to gain insight into aerosol-cloud interactions and their impact on climate.
Researchers visualize chiral interface state at atomic scale for the first time, allowing on-demand creation of conducting channels. The technique has promise for building tunable networks of electron channels and advancing quantum computing.
A new statistical-modeling workflow can quickly identify molecular structures of products formed by chemical reactions, accelerating drug discovery and synthetic chemistry. The workflow also enables the analysis of unpurified reaction mixtures, reducing time spent on purification and characterization.
The US Department of Energy has approved the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), a state-of-the-art particle collider for nuclear physics research. The EIC will be built at Brookhaven National Laboratory and funded primarily by the federal government, with a total project cost estimated to be $1.7-2.8 billion.
The UK has committed $58.8 million to support the development of the EIC's detector and accelerator infrastructure, a seven-year international collaboration. The EIC aims to study the building blocks of nature, including quarks and gluons, to gain insights into the universe.
Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory and University of North Carolina Chapel Hill develop a room-temperature conversion reaction strategy to convert carbon dioxide into methanol. The process employs a recyclable organic reagent and sunlight, producing an easily storable and transportable liquid fuel.
Researchers identified genes controlling sorghum flowering and found that overexpressing one gene can delay flowering, increasing plant growth and biomass. The study provides new insights into optimizing sorghum for bioenergy goals.
Scientists at STAR collaboration observe magnetic field's impact on charged particles, providing new insight into quark-gluon plasma's electrical conductivity. The findings give scientists a way to study QGP's fundamental properties, shedding light on the universe's most powerful magnetic fields.
Scientists at Brookhaven Lab demonstrate new genetic strategy to boost plant oil content by protecting the oil-protector protein, resulting in 54% more oil accumulation in leaves and 13% more in seeds. This approach can increase biomass energy content and provide sustainable fuels.
Researchers found that a thin layer of magnesium significantly improves tantalum's purity and raises its operating temperature as a superconductor. This could lead to increased quantum information retention in qubits, ultimately benefiting quantum computing.
The EIC is a unique facility that will collide high-energy polarized electrons with protons or heavier ions, revealing the structure and properties of atomic nuclei. France's National Center for Scientific Research and U.S. Department of Energy have signed a Statement of Interest to strengthen their joint interest in advancing fundamen...
Researchers successfully improved lithium metal battery charging rates by adding a cesium nitrate compound, while maintaining long cycle life. The new findings challenge conventional beliefs about effective interphase components and contribute to the development of high-energy density batteries.