Articles tagged with National Laboratories
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study using multi-messenger astronomy has estimated the radius of a typical neutron star to be around 11.75 kilometers and provided a novel calculation of the Hubble constant, which indicates the rate of universe expansion. The researchers' analysis combined gravitational-wave signals and electromagnetic emissions from neutron st...
Researchers at UVA, Caltech, and Argonne National Laboratory have developed a new catalyst using cobalt and titanium that can efficiently split water molecules into oxygen and hydrogen. This breakthrough has the potential to make solar energy practical on a large scale.
Researchers used X-ray beams to examine a 1,900-year-old mummy, revealing details about the child's body and burial artifacts. The examination confirmed the presence of a sacred calcite amulet and provided insights into the preservation process used by ancient Egyptians.
Researchers use ultra-bright X-rays to measure ion velocity and concentration, providing unprecedented insight into battery performance. The breakthrough discovery opens doors to optimizing battery designs for specific uses.
Research team discovers endophytes can break apart phosphorus complexes, making it accessible to plants. This natural approach reduces environmental harm from chemical fertilizers and promotes more sustainable food production.
Scientists have created a new platform to rapidly create and characterize blends of materials, significantly accelerating material development. The platform uses electrospray deposition and x-ray scattering to explore complex compositional dependencies in a matter of days, reducing the time from months or weeks.
The Argonne team developed a high-performance, iterative reconstruction system for noninvasive imaging at synchrotron facilities. Their novel optimizations enabled reconstruction of large 3D volumes in under 3 minutes using 24,576 GPUs.
Sandia National Laboratories successfully completed the first flight test of the B61-12 nuclear bomb on the F-35A Lightning II fighter jet, demonstrating its compatibility and versatility. The test was part of a larger program to increase confidence in the bomb's reliability and effectiveness.
A 3D-printed weather station was found to be accurate and viable for shorter campaigns, according to researchers. The low-cost sensors measured temperature, pressure, rain, UV, and relative humidity with accuracy comparable to commercial-grade stations.
A new research study discovered that patients with diabetes may experience reduced benefits from dexamethasone treatment due to altered binding properties of serum albumin. The findings suggest re-evaluating prescribing practices for this medication, potentially leading to more effective treatments.
An MIT-led team simulates nuclear interactions, finding a universal short-range pairing behavior that applies to all types of atomic nuclei. This discovery helps investigate neutron stars and heavy radioactive nuclei.
The University of Kansas has formed a new research team to participate in the ALICE experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, exploring unique opportunities for physics research. The team will study the initial state of QCD matter and probe quantum entanglement with a novel technique.
Researchers have created fundamental electronic building blocks out of quantum dots and assembled functional logic circuits. This innovation promises a manufacturing-friendly approach to complex electronic devices that can be fabricated in a chemistry laboratory via simple techniques.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories have developed a machine-learning technique to improve the control of nuclear fusion reactions, which could lead to more efficient and environmentally friendly energy production. By modifying reactor walls using computer-generated data, they aim to reduce damage from plasma interactions and i...
The University of Texas at Austin has been selected by the Department of Energy to establish a Multidisciplinary Simulation Center, focusing on developing next-generation exascale predictive simulation capabilities. Researchers will combine computational simulations and physical experiments to improve predictive power.
Lithium-rich oxides offer a promising solution for more sustainable and cost-effective batteries, made predominantly of Earth-abundant elements like manganese. The discovery reveals that the movement of elements other than oxygen is the primary cause of energy inefficiency in these materials.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory develop nuclear physics model to study neutrino interactions, shedding light on why neutrinos change flavors during space or matter travel. The team's findings are crucial for understanding the universe's matter-antimatter imbalance and fundamental questions about its origins.
Berkeley Lab scientists develop a tool using machine learning algorithms to guide synthetic biology development systematically. The Automated Recommendation Tool (ART) predicts how changes in a cell's DNA or biochemistry will affect its behavior and recommends the next engineering cycle.
Scientists have published a new calculation to test for tiny differences between matter and antimatter, building on the 1963 Nobel Prize-winning experiment that observed a slight difference in kaon decays. The new calculation provides more accurate predictions for kaon decays and offers a way to search for effects beyond the Standard M...
Scientists at Argonne National Laboratory developed a new nanocatalyst that uses gold to eliminate platinum dissolution, increasing fuel cell durability. The discovery is a breakthrough for PEMFC-powered transportation, offering a solution to the current performance limitations.
Researchers discovered a topological insulator that exhibits two electronic states with opposite spin, but only one responds to magnetism. The findings challenge our understanding of exotic physics and raise questions about the properties of this material.
Scientists at UC San Diego have developed a new anode material that enables safer, faster lithium-ion battery charging. The Li3V2O5 disordered rocksalt offers improved safety and energy density, with the potential to replace graphite and lithium titanate anodes.
Researchers at Ohio State University have discovered a novel way for bacteria to produce ethylene gas, a crucial chemical in plastics manufacturing. This breakthrough could lead to new methods for producing plastics sustainably, replacing fossil fuels.
The Quantum Systems Accelerator will harness quantum information science for discoveries that benefit the world and accelerate commercialization. The center will co-design solutions needed to build working quantum systems outperforming today's computers.
Scientists developed an integrated approach to track energy-transporting ions in ultra-thin materials, potentially leading to faster charging and longer-lasting devices. The study focused on MXenes, a class of two-dimensional materials with promising energy-storing capabilities.
A new AI system has been developed to detect cryptocurrency miners hijacking supercomputers for illicit mining. The system compares programs based on graphs, identifying malicious codes and preventing computing power theft.
Researchers developed a low-cost, visible-light activated coating for water filtration membranes that breaks down foulants and renders the membrane clean. The coating increases photocatalytic efficiency under sunlight by 24-fold compared to regular titanium dioxide.
A team led by Argonne National Laboratory has discovered a new electrocatalyst that converts carbon dioxide (CO2) and water into ethanol with very high energy efficiency, selectivity for the desired final product, and low cost. This process could contribute to the circular carbon economy by reusing CO2 from industrial processes.
A team of scientists used positron beams to study radiation damage in iron films, revealing new insights into defect formation. The research provides critical data on the nature of defects and improves understanding of radiation effects in materials used in nuclear reactors and other extreme environments.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab used Advanced Light Source to produce 3D reconstructions of magnetization patterns in two rare meteorite samples. The study reveals a parent body with both melted and unmelted parts, pointing to a large planetesimal with a molten metallic core.
The SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has successfully produced its first X-ray beam using the upgraded LCLS-II facility, demonstrating significant advancements in X-ray technology. The new undulators offer dramatic new capabilities, including precise control of X-ray beams and unprecedented repetition rates.
A new atomtronic device is being developed to test the boundary between the quantum and classical worlds. The device uses neutral atoms instead of charged electrons to create a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), which can detect mechanical rotation with high sensitivity.
Researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory have developed 3D printed fractal cubes with closely spaced voids that dissipate shockwaves five times better than solid cubes. The innovative design could lead to new types of lightweight armor and structural materials effective against explosions and impacts.
The US Department of Energy has awarded $3.15 million to Argonne National Laboratory to support collaborations with private companies. This funding is part of the Technology Commercialization Fund, which aims to advance energy technologies and strengthen partnerships between DOE's National Laboratories and industry partners.
Researchers have found that neutral pions emitted in the very forward area of polarized proton-proton collisions retain a large degree of left-right asymmetry. This finding suggests reevaluation of previous theories on particle generation. Further study is needed to understand the mechanism underlying this phenomenon.
A team of scientists at Berkeley Lab has discovered a new form of the element mendelevium, creating the lightest known isotope, mendelevium-244. The discovery was made using the lab's 88-Inch Cyclotron and provides evidence for the existence of two separate decay chains with half-lives of 0.4 seconds and 6 seconds.
Researchers characterized carp scales using X-ray imaging, revealing a toughening mechanism called adaptive reorientation. The study's findings may inspire the design of advanced synthetic materials.
Scientists developed a new method to add deuterium to benzene, improving drug efficacy. Forest research found forests worldwide are dying due to environmental changes. The ITER project began assembling the world's largest fusion reactor, while Oak Ridge National Laboratory improved cancer treatment through isotope separation.
Scientists discovered a theoretical breakthrough in quantum fluid rotation, revealing a corkscrew-shaped mechanism that drives the fluids into rotation without viscosity. This phenomenon allows superfluids to transfer angular momentum through quantum mechanical interactions.
Argonne researchers created a new active material by self-organizing microscopic spinning particles into a lattice-like structure. The material exhibits interesting transport properties, allowing cargo particles to move through it quickly and efficiently.
Researchers from Los Alamos National Laboratory have developed a new technique that separates industrial noise from natural seismic signals using cloud computing. The approach allows for large-scale seismic analysis ten times faster than traditional methods and has the potential to transform the field of seismology.
Researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory have developed high-efficiency quantum-dot solar cells without toxic elements like lead or cadmium. These devices exhibit remarkable defect tolerance, making them promising for practical utility.
Scientists use artificial intelligence to analyze millions of medical journal articles for COVID-19 connections, while researchers also explore Arctic plant growth rules and develop a new solid-state electrolyte for lithium metal batteries.
Scientists analyzed 13,000-year-old beetle fossils using X-ray scattering techniques and found that the expected photonic nanostructures were perfectly preserved. The blue and green structural colors studied had not changed over time, with modern beetles of the same genus showing very similar colors.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory found that electrolyzer materials exhibit dynamic stability on an atomic scale, allowing for better oxygen production. This discovery will guide the design of new materials for electrochemical fuel production.
Researchers have produced a new theoretical calculation that refines one piece of the muon anomaly puzzle, sharpening the understanding of how subatomic particles interact. The study uses lattice QCD to analyze hadronic contributions and controls for errors, providing new insights into particle physics.
Researchers have used a multi-institutional approach and the Mira supercomputer to refine one piece of the complex puzzle surrounding the muon anomaly. They found a new result for the hadronic light-by-light scattering contribution, which could indicate a real discrepancy between experimental results and theoretical predictions.
Scientists at Argonne National Laboratory developed a single-crystal electrode that provides a deeper understanding of charge-discharge processes in advanced batteries. The study reveals new information about the cathode chemistry, including the origin of extra capacity and the formation of detrimental phases during cycling.
A team of researchers from Argonne National Laboratory has developed a simple pretreatment step that enables membranes to be enhanced using atomic layer deposition (ALD). The method involves dipping membranes in tannic acid, which provides nucleation sites for ALD coatings. This technique now opens up new possibilities for improving me...
Researchers have discovered a novel way to couple the excitations of magnetic spins in two different thin films, leading to strong coupling and potential applications in spintronic and quantum systems. This dynamic coupling enables the exchange of energy between the two layers, allowing for longer-lasting magnetization dynamics.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have developed a new class of X-ray detectors based on layered perovskites, which are 100 times more sensitive than conventional detectors. The detector can detect X-rays over a broad energy range, making it suitable for various applications such as medical imaging and airport security.
Researchers have made a breakthrough discovery that could help establish optically controlled quantum computation by using light to steer quantum states in a Dirac semimetal. This new mechanism enables the creation of topological transistors and quantum computing devices with high speed and low energy consumption.
The perovskite-based detector is 100 times more sensitive than conventional silicon-based detectors, enabling low-dose dental and medical images with reduced risks. The new technology also enhances resolution in security scanners and X-ray research applications.
Scientists at Argonne National Laboratory develop a novel approach to ultrafast imaging of single sucrose nanoclusters using XFEL pulses, finding that shorter pulse lengths are better for optimal signal degradation. The study's computer modeling will help optimize future experiments.
Scientists at Oak Ridge National Laboratory use focused electron beams to create artificial molecules in graphene, allowing for controlled manipulation of atomic structures. Meanwhile, researchers develop a non-destructive neutron imaging technique to visualize the interior of uranium particles without damaging them.
Researchers at Brookhaven Lab have direct spectroscopic evidence for a pair density wave coexisting with superconductivity, revealing modulating energy gap structures and pairing of electrons. This finding may help understand the complex phase diagram of high-Tc cuprate superconductors.
Researchers confirm Lorentz Invariance holds true at record-breaking high-energy gamma rays, extending the range where relativity's constant speed of light is valid. The High Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory detected gamma rays from distant galactic sources, providing powerful proof of Einstein's theory.
Sandia's Resilient Energy Systems campaign aims to defend large electrical utility systems against cyberhacks, electromagnetic disturbances, and natural disasters. The Assured Survivability and Agility with Pulsed Power research campaign explores technologies to simulate nuclear explosions without actual tests, aiming to maintain the U...
Scientists at Berkeley Lab have discovered a natural mosquito-killing compound that could lead to safer and more effective anti-mosquito products. Researchers have also made progress on developing fast-charging batteries and created a new library of artificial antibodies with molecular precision.
Researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory have developed a flat-panel reflector that can control microwave communications and beam steering electronically. This innovation promises to replace traditional 3-D antennas with compact, versatile, and adaptive designs for various applications.