Articles tagged with Field Studies
Researchers found that patients who had undergone vagotomy were protected against developing Parkinson's disease, with a risk halved after 20 years. The study suggests that Parkinson's disease begins in the gut and spreads via the vagus nerve to the brain.
Research comparing traditional hunter-gatherer communities with and without access to electricity reveals that those with electricity sleep an average of one hour less per night than those without. The study suggests that artificial light disrupts humans' natural circadian clock and sleep-wake cycle, leading to shorter nights.
A study of 39 female shift-working nurses found that longer rest periods between shifts improved recovery from work, as measured by increased parasympathetic activation and decreased sympathetic activation during sleep. This suggests that a forward-rotating shift system can promote better coping and well-being at work.
A new study found that genetically modified corn's Cry1Ab toxin has little impact on the corn earworm, contradicting earlier predictions. The results suggest that pest resistance to GM crops may be more widespread than initially thought, highlighting the need for ongoing monitoring and research.
A study found that smokers who quit successfully had greater connectivity between the insula and somatosensory cortex compared to those who failed. This suggests that targeting this neural pathway could be a strategy for improving smoking cessation outcomes. The researchers hope their findings will guide the development of new treatments.
A new foam water filter has been developed by Michigan State University researchers, which significantly reduces dangerous pathogens in drinking water. The filter combines existing treatment principles and features a unique biological layer that enables it to become more efficient over time.
Researchers have made significant strides in measuring preferential flow, a crucial factor in soil's physical, chemical, and biological functions. The study reveals unique water patterns depending on landform units, soil types, initial moisture, and precipitation features.
A field study by Lund University has shown that neonicotinoid pesticides harm wild bees, affecting their growth and reproduction. Researchers found no negative impact on honeybees, but warned of the need for new evaluation methods to predict risks in real landscapes.
A multi-institutional effort led by Berkeley Lab will develop a new ecosystem model to explore how tropical forests respond to climate change. The project, NGEE-Tropics, will carry out experiments in tropical forests around the globe to reduce uncertainty and improve future climate projections.
A study of 171 women found that those who slept more experienced greater sexual desire the next day. Each additional hour of sleep increased the likelihood of vaginal arousal issues
Researchers found that asking people to compare a donation to an indulgent product increases charitable donations. People feel less selfish when envisioning a treat, leading to more generous giving.
A study found that diverse small predators, like dragonfly larvae, reduce parasitic flatworm infections in frogs. The research suggests a link between dwindling global biodiversity and increased infectious diseases.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London analyzed over 4000 studies on online dating to provide dos and don'ts for a successful first date. They found that choosing an attractive profile name and using certain words in a headline message can increase interest, while avoiding complex language and being genuine is key.
Researchers have discovered a new way to manipulate electrons using the spin-orbit interaction induced by curvature in graphitic nanocones. The study found that defects can enhance this effect, leading to significant changes in electronic properties.
Charge ordering, a phenomenon that interferes with superconductivity, has been detected in electron-doped copper-oxide crystals for the first time. The discovery contradicts existing research suggesting charge ordering only occurs during the pseudogap phase. This finding opens new possibilities for understanding the problem and could p...
Researchers analyzed Darwin Award winners and found that 88.7% were male, supporting the idea that men are more prone to 'idiotic risk taking behaviour'. The study suggests males may engage in such risky actions as a rite of passage or for social esteem
Researchers found that a small group of pneumatic devices and wells with frequent liquid unloadings are responsible for the vast majority of methane emissions from natural gas production sites. The study confirms regional differences in methane emission levels, with highest emissions in the Gulf Coast and lowest in the Rocky Mountains.
A recent study by Dana Bardolph found that female authors are underrepresented in American archaeology journals, accounting for less than 29% of published articles. The research suggests a pervasive gender bias in academia and publishing, with potential factors including authorial behavior and the submission process.
Researchers observed large parties of chimpanzees foraging crops at night in maize fields of Kibale National Park, Uganda. Chimpanzees also presented few signs of vigilance and anxiety during nighttime crop-raids, indicating a high level of adaptability to human activities.
A recent study by UC Davis found that mountain lions in southern California are experiencing severe genetic diversity loss, with the Santa Ana Mountains displaying lower genetic diversity than other regions. The study highlights the urgent need to maintain connectivity for coastal mountain lions across I-15.
A two-year international project will analyze wave energy transformations between sea and cliffs, using laser technology to compile detailed profiles of coastal rock surfaces. The study aims to improve predictions of coastal erosion and provide a greater understanding of potential threats to rocky coastlines.
A new study published in Diabetologia found that fenofibrate is as effective in treating type 2 diabetes in women as it is in men. The research showed that fenofibrate reduced levels of adverse blood fats and cardiovascular events by 30% in women, compared to 13% in men.
A survey of 142 men and 516 women in scientific disciplines reveals that many experienced sexual harassment or assault while conducting field research. The majority of respondents reported experiencing inappropriate remarks or comments about physical beauty, with over 20% reporting unwanted physical contact.
A study found that logging, partial destruction by burning, and fragmentation result in the loss of nearly 54 million tons of carbon annually, equivalent to up to 40% of total deforestation. This degradation has a severe impact on the forest, with enormous quantities of stored carbon being lost into the atmosphere.
A new study from Columbia Business School reveals that hiring managers in STEM fields possess an extraordinary level of gender bias, often choosing less-qualified men over superiorly qualified women. The study demonstrates the cost of discrimination, leading to a less diverse workforce and detrimental effects on companies.
A study in the Journal of Consumer Research found that brand tourists, or fans of a luxury brand, can inspire feelings of membership pride and enhance the brand's prestige. This 'brand tourism effect' is distinct from brand immigrants, who claim group membership, and has positive implications for companies managing selective brands.
A study by University of Toronto researchers found that male black widow spiders overwhelmingly choose well-fed, unmated females as mates. The preference is driven by pheromones released by females indicating their nutritional status.
A field study has demonstrated that elevated carbon dioxide inhibits the conversion of nitrate into protein in a field-grown crop, compromising the nutritional quality of food crops. This finding indicates that the nutritional quality of food will suffer as climate change intensifies.
Researchers discuss catastrophic rock avalanches, evidence of ancient rainfall, and geological phenomena in the High Atlas Mountains, western United States, and Italy. The studies provide insights into Earth's history, including a 4.5 ka seismic event, tectonic settings, and paleoprecipitation patterns.
Dr. Carmit Katz's study found that drawing during questioning significantly improves the accuracy and detail of child abuse testimonies. Children empowered to draw reported regaining control and feeling hopeful, with richer descriptions provided compared to those not offered this opportunity.
A new study suggests that gift givers often prioritize desirability over practicality, leading to gifts that the recipient doesn't want. In contrast, receivers tend to value practicality more. Brands can help consumers consider the product's utility when buying as a gift, making the gift more appealing to both parties.
A study by Cornell University researchers found that the hybrid zone between Carolina and Black-capped Chickadees is moving northward at a rate of 0.7 miles per year, mirroring warming winter temperatures. The study uses genetic analyses and crowdsourced data to track the birds' movements and identifies females as leading the charge.
A recent study published in ZooKeys identified 186 new species of Microgastrinae wasps from Area de Conservación Guanacaste in Costa Rica. The findings suggest that parasitoid wasps are more specialized than previously thought, with most species only parasitizing a few moth or butterfly species.
Researchers found that people attribute more status and competence to individuals who display nonconformity in prestigious contexts. This phenomenon, dubbed the 'Red Sneakers Effect,' suggests that intentionally deviating from norms can be a powerful signal of success.
A new study by researchers at ETH Zurich found that scientists have differing opinions on how to describe invasive plant species and their environmental impact. The study suggests that broader participation of different expert groups could lead to more effective invasive species management.
A revised provision in new hours-of-service regulations for truck drivers has been shown to combat fatigue more effectively than the previous version. After a 2-night break, drivers with two or more nighttime periods in their restart breaks reported fewer lapses of attention and less sleepiness.
Richard B. Alley is awarded the Arthur L. Day Prize and Lectureship for his innovative studies on ice sheet flow and dating techniques, enhancing understanding of past climate variations. He will present a series of lectures summarizing current knowledge in ice dynamics and climate change.
A new study by Royal Holloway University of London found that prolonged exposure to a widely used pesticide causes smaller worker bees. The research revealed that the pesticide reduces the size of individual bees produced by a colony, potentially impacting colony success.
A new study published in Psychological Science found that people who use the risk of losing their monthly healthy food discount as a motivational tool are more likely to make healthier choices at the grocery store. By precommitting to increase their healthy food purchases, participants increased their healthy food intake by an average ...
Researchers found that sweetpotato weevils prefer red light for indoor conditions and green light for outdoor field conditions. The study suggests that understanding the differences in insect behavior between indoors and outdoors may help develop more effective control methods without toxic pesticides.
Researchers found that culling vampire bat colonies has minimal effect on containing the virus, and can actually increase its spread by driving infected bats into neighboring colonies. Coordinated efforts to control vampire bat-transmitted rabies virus in Latin America require understanding the mechanisms of persistence.
Research by University of Illinois expert Aric Rindfleisch found that materialistic individuals experience higher levels of post-traumatic stress, compulsive buying, and impulsive purchasing after traumatic events. Materialism amplifies distress and impairs coping mechanisms.
Researchers found that publicly observable initial acts of support lead to less subsequent engagement, while private acts stimulate a deeper connection with the cause. Nonprofits can increase token campaign effectiveness by making them relatively private or highlighting value similarity.
Researchers at the University of Miami used satellite images to confirm the impact of saltwater intrusion on freshwater plants in the Everglades. The study found large patches of vegetation loss closer to the coast, while interior areas showed growth trends.
Genome sequencing of MERS-CoV identified multiple chains of infection, indicating human-to-human transmission is more complicated than expected. The study suggests additional sources of the virus, such as undetected carriers, are involved in its spread.
Ian T. Baldwin, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology director, was elected to the US National Academy of Sciences and German Leopoldina for his work in plant ecology and gene function research. His studies have uncovered molecular mechanisms by which plants survive adverse environmental conditions.
Scientists have created a novel system to safely study the transmission of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus through ticks. By carefully tracking each tick's movement and feeding pattern, researchers can examine the complete cycle of virus transmission between infected animals and uninfected ticks.
Jeffrey M. Hausdorff, PhD, receives the GSA's Excellence in Rehabilitation of Aging Persons Award for his work on gait variability, motor-cognitive interactions and the assessment of fall risk. His research has led to the development of innovative rehabilitation programs, including a multi-modal treadmill training program that improves...
A new study finds that individuals in expansive physical environments are more likely to exhibit dishonest behavior, such as stealing and cheating. The research suggests that subtle postural shifts can influence thoughts and feelings, leading to a state of power that elicits dishonest actions.
A new study by the University of Toronto's Rotman School of Management found that caregiving dads are treated disrespectfully at work due to non-traditional gender roles. The study suggests that employees who violate traditional gender norms, such as men doing less caregiving and domestic tasks, face harassment in the office.
Scientists have discovered that knots tend to form at the ends of polymers, where they are frequent yet ephemeral. Once formed, knots move along the chain in a seemingly casual manner before disappearing or forming slip-knots/pseudo-knots at the center.
Researchers found that hungry grocery shoppers tend to buy higher-calorie products, while those who ate beforehand made healthier choices. The study suggests that even short-term food deprivation can lead to a shift in food preferences, with potential important health implications.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg found that Instagram users often upload many pictures from museums during visits, showing effort behind posts. The study indicates that smartphones have changed our way of sharing experiences, moving from physical documentation to digital sharing.
Researchers discovered a hierarchical warning scheme used by song sparrows to ward off trespassing rivals, including matching the intruder's song, soft songs, and wing waves. The study found that birds who matched the intruder's song were most likely to attack, adding nuance to their complex communication system.
A new study found that mixing alcohol with diet soft drinks can result in a higher breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) compared to the same amount of alcohol consumed with a sugar-sweetened mixer. This can lead to increased risk of alcohol-impaired driving and acute alcohol intoxication problems.
The study finds that Jewish-Israeli children of Holocaust survivors and Cambodian-Canadians reject the idea of inherited trauma, instead embracing their parents' memory as a source of empowerment. Cultural values and worldviews play a significant role in shaping responses to trauma.
A study found that it takes an average of 20.7 years for a newly collected species to be described, with some species taking up to 12 years. This long 'shelf life' poses a significant challenge for conservation efforts, which may come too late if not addressed promptly.
A study by UC Berkeley engineers used a tabletop model to understand high-frequency waves of earthquakes, which can cause rapid shaking. The research found that longer fault healing times lead to faster shaking upon rupture, providing insights for building vulnerability assessments and mitigation strategies.
A UT Austin study aims to quantify methane emission rates from natural gas production sites using direct measurement techniques. The study brings together industry stakeholders and researchers to better understand and manage emissions from well sites.
Ozone's impact on forest watersheds amplifies drought and alters stream flow, reducing available water supplies. Forest ecosystems and people dependent on water flow during dry seasons will be affected.