Articles tagged with Research Organizations
A study of 100-Car Naturalistic Driving Study data found that driver distraction and inattention significantly contribute to crashes and near-crashes. Drowsiness is a major problem, increasing the risk by at least four times, while cell phone use is the most common distraction.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a motorized nanocar that can be powered by light, paving the way for bottom-up construction. The nanocar, measuring just 3-by-4 nanometers, features a rotating motor that pushes it along like a paddlewheel.
Researchers have found that organic nitrogen can be directly taken up by plants, allowing them to share nitrogen and maintain biodiversity. This discovery has significant implications for unfertilised grasslands where organic nitrogen often dominates.
The pHLIP peptide accumulates in cell membranes at low pH and translocates molecules into cells without relying on traditional entry pathways. This technology has potential applications in imaging, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases associated with acidic environments.
Research reveals a significant gap in publications between US and non-US groups, with the US trailing behind in human embryonic stem cell research. The study suggests that federal policies may be contributing to this disparity, which could impact competitiveness in the biotechnology industry.
A growing trend towards transparency in executive compensation packages is driven by increased investor scrutiny and demands for accountability. This shift signifies a change in the post-Enron era, where shareholders are now more diligent in monitoring how companies allocate their resources.
A study by Wageningen University found that weight and a saddle induce an overall extension of the horse's back, contributing to soft tissue injuries. The researchers hope to generate guidelines for riding techniques and maximum weight limits to prevent such problems.
The Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) history study reveals the Nazi regime's impact on German science, including medical research and agricultural studies. The study highlights the need to consider the historical context of scientific development during this period.
A team at the University of Bristol has created microphones based on the structure of a locust's eardrum, allowing them to detect extremely faint sounds. By studying the nanoscale movements of an insect's hearing system, researchers have gained insights into developing tiny sensors that can analyze sound frequencies.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have identified a new class of potent SARS virus protease inhibitors, offering hope for developing a possible drug treatment against the disease. These benzotriazole esters block the enzyme and are stable enough to be used in clinical trials.
A study by WHO found that haemorrhage was the leading cause of maternal death in Africa and Asia, while high blood pressure was responsible for most maternal deaths in Latin America and the Caribbean. The review highlights the need for increased emphasis on programs to prevent and treat postpartum haemorrhage.
Researchers at the University of Toronto developed a new material, periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO), that acts as a better insulator for microelectronics. The PMO film would take up less room than conventional silica glass and allow components to shrink further, enabling smaller and more efficient devices.
A new study by the University of Liverpool reveals that unelected agencies control up to 60% of public spending in local authority areas. The report highlights the need for a revival of local democracy, aided but not driven by central government.
The National Academies report highlights the potential benefits of using coal combustion residues in mine reclamation, including reducing landfills and neutralizing acid mine drainage. However, careful characterization and monitoring are necessary to minimize potential health and environmental risks.
A recent study using high-resolution stable-isotope analysis from 95-million-year-old fossilized wood found that the mid-Cretaceous period was not a super-greenhouse, but rather had a short-lived glaciation. This new information may help us understand how the biosphere will respond to human-generated alterations of CO2 concentration.
A new study uses quantum decoy technique to encrypt data over fibre optic cable, increasing security. Photonic decoys change after eavesdropping, alerting receiving computer to potential tampering.
The InterRidge statement of commitment emphasizes the need for responsible research practices in deep-sea vent areas. The statement aims to establish professional standards and promote awareness about the potential consequences of human impacts on these extreme ecosystems.
Two Dutch researchers, Gerard Roelfes and Jan van Esch, receive funding from ERA-Chemistry for their projects on DNA polymer-based nanostructures and self-organizing nanopatterns. These innovative materials have potential applications in asymmetric catalysis, programmable reactions, and biosensors.
Researchers found that Antarctic krill can perform multiple daily vertical migrations, with some descending rapidly like parachutes. This behavior is estimated to sequester 0.02 metric gigatons of carbon per year, equivalent to annual emissions from 35 million cars.
The ARVO/Pfizer Ophthalmics conference aims to improve research and clinical care in areas of ophthalmology related to preventable vision loss and blindness. The meeting will explore topics such as angiogenesis, neovascularization, and vasoproliferation.
A state-wide report reveals that nearly two-thirds of Kansas respondents had medical debt, affecting all racial and ethnic groups. People drew on savings, borrowed from friends, or took out loans to pay off their bills, despite struggling to meet the financial burden.
In 2005, Research to Prevent Blindness awarded over $7.9 million in grants to support eye disease research at 46 medical schools nationwide. The funding enabled significant breakthroughs in understanding and treating various eye conditions, including cataracts, glaucoma, and macular degeneration.
Researchers at the University of York have developed a novel way to clean up contaminated land using micro-organisms found in soil. The team has isolated bacteria that can use explosives like RDX as a source of nitrogen, and redeployed an enzyme from these bacteria into plants, enabling them to biodegrade the pollutant more efficiently.
Researchers have discovered a gene in barley that controls flowering time, allowing for longer growing periods and potential adaptation to UK climate conditions. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new crop varieties better suited to hot and dry summers.
A UK study reveals a correlation between women's stress levels and their career ambitions, while also highlighting the benefits of Portugal's more family-friendly policies. The research suggests that women in Britain face limited access to quality childcare and domestic help, leading to increased work-life conflict.
Researchers obtain unique view of electronic orbitals and separation of NO dimers by exciting molecules with femtosecond laser pulses. The experiments reveal an intermediate Rydberg state that dissociates in about 600 femtoseconds, providing a detailed understanding of the dissociation process.
Scientists have found that plants can turn excess sunlight into heat by altering protein structure, preventing damage and promoting growth. A special carotenoid molecule called zeaxanthin aids in this process, making some plants more resistant to harmful radiation.
Researchers found that algae need vitamin B12 from bacteria due to an alternative metabolic process. This discovery highlights the importance of symbiotic relationships in maintaining ecosystem balance, with implications for global health and biodiversity.
Case Western Reserve University professor Eric Pearlman has received a prestigious vision research grant to study the immunology of the eye. The grant will help researchers understand the immunological basis of diseases such as age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy.
Researchers solved the structure of a water-protein channel in plants and found that specific residues control the opening of the channel. The study could lead to new agricultural techniques and pharmaceuticals targeting aquaporin proteins.
The discovery of p63, a death-promoting protein for nerve cells, may lead to new treatments for neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. The research also highlights the need for further funding in neuroscience research.
A new study has identified a key regulator of spindle orientation in mammals, essential for neural development. The discovery sheds light on the complex process of neural stem cell division and its impact on brain structure and function.
The SPICE project successfully simulated DNA strands passing through a cell membrane, a crucial process in understanding genetic information transfer. The project utilized a combination of high-performance computing and optical networks to overcome computational challenges.
The Gerontological Society of America (GSA) presents the 2005 M. Powell Lawton Award to Dr. Mary Tinetti, recognizing her commitment to translating research into practice through collaborations with top health organizations. At Yale University, she has established a renowned geriatric clinical epidemiology program.
The UK's top science stories highlight significant advancements in bone health technology, underwater archaeology, and superconductors. These innovations hold promise for improving human health, enhancing technological capabilities, and shaping the nation's future economic development.
A recent study has discovered substantial room for increasing the efficiency of nanotubes, which are crucial for producing light with novel properties. The research found varying quantum efficiencies among individual nanotubes, with some being up to 1,000% more efficient than others.
Christian Schafmeister and his student Christopher Levins have designed small molecules that can be linked together like Lego blocks to create complex nanoscale devices. The breakthroughs hold great promise as nanoscale parts for future atomically precise machines, including hinged molecular traps that can serve as chemical sensors.
A three-year initiative uncovers Gladstone's personal library at St Deiniol's Library in North Wales. The researchers will examine annotations, bookplates, and handwriting to identify volumes owned by Gladstone himself, providing new insights into his political, cultural, and social attitudes.
The University of Manchester has received a £1.9m grant to develop e-science software as part of the Open Middleware Infrastructure Institute-UK (OMII-UK) initiative. The project will focus on the myGrid platform, which supports biomedical research and has been widely adopted since 2001.
The International Council for Science (ICSU) has launched a new strategy to strengthen international science, focusing on interdisciplinary research in areas such as sustainable development and natural disasters. The plan aims to improve communication between scientists and policymakers, and promote the sharing of findings and data.
The International Polar Year (IPY) 2007-2008 aims to analyze environmental and economic importance of polar regions. Scientists from around the world have submitted over 1000 research proposals, focusing on global climate change, ocean circulation, and human activities.
The new ASTRO/ASRT grant program aims to establish new radiation therapy programs, addressing significant shortages in the field. Currently, there are only 71 accredited educational programs in the US, down from 125 a decade ago, and 13 states have no radiation therapy program.
Researchers have developed a faster method to create antibodies for disease research, enabling the study of proteins at a higher rate. The new technique uses synthetic peptide immunisation and binds specifically to proteins with a precise sequence, producing highly specific antibodies.
Researchers have developed a product that blocks insect enzymes and delivers a dose of pesticide 4-5 hours later, proving almost 100% effective in trials. This technology reduces the amount of pesticide needed on fields, benefiting both Western and developing world farmers.
Endosomes travel to the nucleus using back-and-forth movement, accumulating at an aster-like layout of microtubules. This symmetrical approach allows for efficient distribution of nutrients and molecular information.
A new strategy to use nursing resource teams offers a competitive advantage by recruiting, retaining, and maximizing the use of nurses. This approach recognizes nursing expertise and provides opportunities for professional development, ultimately improving patient care.
Researchers at Southampton and Nottingham universities are developing a new method of gene delivery to promote bone tissue formation. The technique, if successful, could provide a new source of bone tissue for orthopaedic procedures, addressing healthcare needs associated with trauma, degenerative disease, and age-related bone loss.
Dr Frederic Meunier's research explores how powerful nerve toxins like Botox selectively dissect basic nerve cell processes, leading to a novel angle in understanding neuronal diseases like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. He has also discovered that Botox-intoxicated nerve cells can recover by emitting little sprouts.
A team of researchers successfully predicted a new polymorph of the Alzheimer's drug piracetam, demonstrating the potential of computational methods in pharmaceutical industry. The prediction was made using Grid technologies and validated through experimental techniques, showcasing the credibility of the methodology.
Researchers develop new e-Science techniques to visualize data from large detectors, such as the ISIS neutron source. This allows for better understanding of material properties and opens up new research opportunities in materials science. The new methods, including GAPtk, enable users to manipulate gigabytes of data in near real-time.
GSK has successfully implemented a new automated process for the early phase of drug discovery, using InforSense KDE to retrieve and analyse data rapidly. This technology allows chemists to modify complex analytic workflows and access data from distributed databases, significantly improving their ability to respond to scientific needs.
An e-Science project has adapted SARIS software to access near real-time Met Office forecasts of ocean currents and winds, providing more accurate data for rescue predictions. This adaptation aims to reduce the time to rescue and potentially save lives.
Researchers at Loughborough University have developed a lightweight visualisation tool for the RealityGrid e-Science project, which uses Grid technologies to model and simulate complex condensed matter structures. The tool can be used on mobile devices and supports multiple users to view and interact with data simultaneously.
Researchers at Queen's University Belfast have successfully used molecular information processors to perform logic operations and process information in spaces a few nanometres across. This breakthrough harnesses the principle of photo-induced electron transfer, mimicking the process of photosynthesis.
Scientists have built molecules that can move large droplets of liquid across surfaces and up slopes against gravity. This breakthrough could lead to the development of artificial muscles and smart materials with potential applications in drug delivery and nanotechnology.
The mammalian transcriptome has been completely mapped, showing a massive abundance of noncoding RNAs and antisense genes. This discovery has significant implications for our understanding of genetics, gene regulation, and cellular functions.
Researchers developed a nanoscale optical biosensor to detect amyloid ?-derived diffusible ligands (ADDLs), tiny proteins accumulating in brain tissue of individuals with Alzheimer's disease. The findings may enable early diagnosis of the condition, currently only possible after death.
A unique program at Stevens Institute of Technology addresses the need for in-depth understanding of sourcing's four key aspects: governance, legal issues, relationship management, and organizational impact. Preliminary research aims to understand current and future IT skills and capabilities needs.
Researchers found that chimpanzees learn and adopt specific techniques to solve problems, demonstrating a form of culture. The study shows that chimpanzees have a tendency to conform to their group's norms, even when they know alternative methods exist.
Research by Jason Walker found that women make more workplace adjustments than men, leading to scheduling conflicts and time pressures. Public and private sector policies can help maintain employees' ties to the paid labour market while allowing care for family members with chronic health problems.