Canada should adopt routine HIV testing
Routine HIV testing can significantly reduce AIDS-related morbidity and death, as well as HIV transmission. Implementing this strategy would provide a roadmap for an AIDS-free generation.
United States Population
Articles tagged with United States Population
CDC and NIH survey provides first report of state-level COPD prevalence
The study provides the first report of state-level COPD prevalence, revealing significant regional variations. Nationwide, 6% of non-institutionalized adults reported having COPD, with higher prevalence in select states.
Researchers develop guidebook for promoting healthy lifestyles among Hispanic populations
Researchers created a culturally relevant guidebook to improve Hispanic health and behaviors, focusing on physical activity and nutrition. The guidebook was well-received by community residents and addressed the Latino Paradox, highlighting the shift in healthy eating habits when immigrants arrive in the US.
Changing climate, not tourism, seems to be driving decline in chinstrap-penguin populations
Researchers funded by NSF found that changing climatic conditions, rather than tourism, are driving the decline in chinstrap-penguin populations. The study analyzed data from 1994-2011 and found a significant decline of 50% in breeding pairs at Baily Head since 1986-87.
Study shows veterans are becoming more segregated in the US
A study by Jay Teachman found that veteran populations are becoming more concentrated in rural areas surrounding military bases. This has led to a decrease in contact between veteran and non-veteran populations, with the proportion of veterans in America declining by an average of 15.54% since 2000.
1,000 Genomes Project paints detailed picture of human variation
The project profiles rare and common genetic variations in 1,092 individuals from 14 populations, capturing up to 98% of sequences for rare gene variants occurring in at least 1% of the population.
Global genome effort seeks genetic roots of disease
Researchers have compiled the largest human genetic variation catalog, involving over 1,000 individuals from 14 ethnic groups. The massive resource will help medical researchers find the genetic roots of rare and common diseases in populations worldwide.
Scientific team sequences 1,092 human genomes to determine standard range of human genetic variation
A multinational team of scientists has sequenced 1,092 human genomes to determine the standard range of human genetic variation. This will enable biologists and physicians to interpret a patient's disease genome in a broader context, leading to better understanding and targeted treatment.
Study reveals genetic causes of a male infertility disorder
A recent study has uncovered two genetic deletions that are responsible for severely low sperm count, accounting for 8% of cases. The most common deletion increased the risk by a factor of 2, while the rare b2/b4 deletion doubled the risk and accounted for 6% of cases.
Healthy mom with lots of help key to thriving brood say scientists
Researchers found that mother wolves' body weight and pack size play a crucial role in enabling pups to survive and thrive. The study suggests that managers can use information on pack size, female wolf weight, and disease prevalence to set harvest limits and ensure sufficient population growth.
People who read food labels stay thinner
A study found that reading food labels is associated with lower body mass index in women, with a reduction of 3.91 kg for an average woman. Urban, high school-educated, and university-educated women tend to pay more attention to nutritional information.
Substantial road traffic noise in urban areas contributes to sleep disturbance and annoyance
A new study found that 9.5% of the population is at risk of high annoyance from road traffic noise, while 2.3% experience highly disturbed sleep. Long-term exposure to noise can increase risks of heart attack and high blood pressure.
Precautions for tick-borne disease extend 'beyond Lyme'
New research reveals that tick-borne diseases extend 'beyond Lyme' in the Southeastern United States, where lone star ticks spread ehrlichiosis and spotted fever rickettsiosis. Experts advise saving the tick that bites you to identify potential diseases.
Respiratory burden 'high in ageing population'
A new study reveals a significant prevalence of respiratory problems among people aged 85 years and over, with 20% of men and 21% of women having asthma or COPD. The study highlights the growing need for healthcare professionals to understand the challenges faced by this rapidly aging population.
IADR/AADR published study estimates high prevalence of periodontis in US adults
A recent study published in the Journal of Dental Research estimates that approximately 47.2% of US adults have periodontitis, with higher rates among males, Mexican Americans, and those with lower education levels. The study also found significant disparities in periodontal disease prevalence across different age groups.
Ancestral link places Mexican-Americans at greater risk for metabolic disease
A recent study found that Mexican-Americans with an ancestral link to Amerindian tribes have higher insulin resistance levels, a key indicator of several chronic conditions. The research suggests that ethnicity information is crucial in identifying individuals at high risk of disease, and that genetic markers can be used for personaliz...
Model shows dramatic global decline in ratio of workers to retired people
A new statistical model predicts a significant increase in the number of people over 85 worldwide by 2100, outpacing previous estimates. This will result in fewer working-age adults supporting elderly populations, posing challenges for social security systems globally.
When the world burned less
A new University of Utah-led study suggests that global cooling, rather than population collapse, was the primary driver of reduced wildfires globally. The research analyzed charcoal samples spanning 2,000 years and found a significant decline in fires post-1500 AD, which coincided with the onset of the Little Ice Age.
Estimate: A new Amish community is founded every 3 and a half weeks in US
The Amish population is estimated to be over 251,000, with more than 60% of existing settlements founded since 1990. The community grows rapidly due to high birth rates and limited conversions, leading to predictions of over 1 million Amish and 1,000 settlements by 2050.
NIH-funded study finds high HIV infection rates among gay and bisexual black men in the US
A recent NIH-funded study found a 2.8% overall rate of new HIV infections among black MSM in the US, with a higher incidence rate among individuals aged 18-30. The study also identified associations between HIV infection and high rates of untreated STIs and poverty.
Greater availability of neurosurgeons could reduce risk of death from motor vehicle accidents
A study found that higher population density of neurosurgeons in the US is associated with lower mortality rates from motor vehicle accidents, which are often caused by traumatic brain injuries. Rural areas tend to experience more MVA-related deaths due to slower medical response times and reduced access to trauma resources.
Study examines characteristics, risk factors among HIV-positive persons born outside the US
A study of HIV-positive persons born outside the US finds they are more likely to be Hispanic or Asian and have higher rates of heterosexual contact. The researchers also found that these individuals face challenges accessing medical care due to language and cultural barriers.
Native American populations descend from 3 key migrations
A recent study found that Native American populations originated from at least three migrations, with most descending from the First American migration through Beringia. This migration was later joined by two additional streams, which contributed to the genetic diversity of Arctic populations and some Na-Dene-speaking groups.
Genetics Society of America's Genetics journal highlights for July 2012
The July 2012 Genetics Society of America's journal features research on increasing association mapping power and resolution in mouse genetic studies through meta-analysis for structured populations. The study also explores the properties and power of a Drosophila Synthetic Population Resource for dissecting complex traits.
Cutting daily sitting time to under 3 hours might extend life by 2 years
Restricting daily sitting time to less than 3 hours and watching TV for less than 2 hours a day may extend US life expectancy by 2 and 1.4 years respectively, according to an analysis of published research in BMJ Open.
Rate of community-onset MRSA infections appears to be on the decline
A recent study published in JAMA found that the rate of community-onset MRSA infections has decreased significantly among US military personnel. Community-onset skin and soft tissue infections due to MRSA peaked at 62% in 2006 before declining annually, with a proportion of 52% in 2010.
Condor lead poisoning persists, impeding recovery, says CU-UCSC study
A CU-UCSC study finds that California condors continue to suffer from lead exposure, with nearly half of the population showing signs of poisoning. The research highlights the need for sustained human intervention to stabilize and grow the species' population.
The growth of immigration in Spain has not caused a rise in crime
A study by Universidad Carlos III de Madrid found no causal link between immigration and crime rates in Spain. The researchers analyzed data on crimes committed per inhabitant and immigrant population characteristics to conclude that language and education are key factors influencing crime.
Immigration growth in Spain has not caused more crime
Research in Spain finds low correlation between immigrant population and crime, with education and language playing key roles. Young men from immigrant populations are more likely to commit crimes.
Living alone puts people with heart problems at risk for death
A new study at Brigham and Women's Hospital found that living alone may be a risk factor for death, especially due to cardiovascular problems like heart attack and stroke. Participants with atherosclerosis who lived alone had a higher rate of death over four years compared to those who did not live alone.
UC Santa Cruz researchers find increase in Lyme disease mirrors drop in red fox numbers
UC Santa Cruz researchers suggest that Lyme disease has increased across northeastern and midwestern US over past three decades, contrary to stabilizing deer populations. Red fox declines are attributed to coyote growth, leading to smaller animal populations that serve as ticks' hosts.
Cougars are re-populating their historical range, new study confirms
A new study confirms cougars are re-populating their historical range across the US Midwest. The research reveals cougar populations have spread from Texas to Ontario and Manitoba, with males traveling long distances.
Study: When highly skilled immigrants move in, highly skilled natives move out
A study by University of Notre Dame Economist Abigail Wozniak found that highly skilled immigrant arrivals lead to a decrease in the native population's skills. In smaller and more isolated cities, this effect is particularly pronounced.
Short-term risk of shingles recurrence low
A Kaiser Permanente study of over 6,000 individuals found a low short-term risk of developing shingles recurrence among those with healthy immune systems. The study's findings suggest that the risk is low regardless of vaccination status.
Dramatic increase in fragility fractures expected in Latin America
The International Osteoporosis Foundation reports a significant increase in osteoporosis-related fractures and diagnoses in Latin America, driven by the region's aging population. The projected rise in fragility fractures poses a substantial socio-economic burden on healthcare systems.
53 million Americans might have diabetes by 2025, according to a new study in Population Health Management
A new study published in Population Health Management projects that 53.1 million Americans will have diabetes by 2025, a 64% increase from 2010. The Diabetes 2025 Model can estimate the impact of lifestyle changes and interventions on reducing diabetes burden.
Screening for esophageal disease with unsedated transnasal endoscopy is safe and feasible
Researchers found unsedated transnasal endoscopy to be a safe and well-tolerated method for screening esophageal disease in a primary care population. The study showed high diagnostic yields, low procedure times, and minimal anxiety, making it an attractive alternative to standard upper endoscopy.
Unique physiology key to diagnosing and treating diabetes in Asian populations
Researchers have identified significant differences in how diabetes affects Asian populations, including unique markers for type 1 diabetes diagnosis. The study highlights the need for culturally sensitive care, tailored treatment guidelines, and expanded education programs.
Equation may accurately predict risk of certain outcomes for patients with impaired kidney function
A study using data from over 1 million adults found that a newer risk prediction equation classified more individuals as having chronic kidney disease and accurately predicted death and end-stage renal disease. The CKD-EPI equation outperformed the MDRD Study equation in categorizing risk, especially at higher GFR levels.
Neighborhoods -- not immigrants -- determining factor for homicides
A new study published in The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science found that neighborhood characteristics, such as disadvantage and residential stability, have a significant impact on violent crime rates. Immigrant populations were not linked to higher levels of lethal violence.
Physicians call for improvements to country's public health system to protect US residents
The American College of Physicians recommends prioritizing funding for effective public health programs and investing in the nation's public health infrastructure. A strong public health infrastructure is essential for preparing for and responding to public health emergencies.
Diagnostic yield of colonoscopy for melena after nondiagnostic upper endoscopy is lower than previously reported
A study found the diagnostic yield of colonoscopy for melena after a nondiagnostic upper endoscopy to be 4.8 percent, significantly lower than previously reported. The rate of therapeutic intervention was also very low at 1.7 percent, suggesting that most procedures are diagnostic-only and can be performed on an elective basis.
What's in a surname? New study explores what the evolution of names reveals about China
A new study using surname data reveals China's population structure has been shaped by both genetic drift and large-scale migration. The research found the highest levels of surname diversity at the Yangtze River basin, which is believed to be due to multiple historical migrations.
Feral pigs exposed to nasty bacteria
A study by North Carolina State University has found that feral pigs in the state are exposed to Brucella suis, a harmful bacteria that can be transmitted to people through unsafe butchering and consumption of undercooked meat. The bacteria can also spread in pig populations, causing abortions in affected swine.
UC research tests new tool to guide reintroduction of the American chestnut
Researchers used NEWGARDEN software to determine optimal founder placement and dispersal for maximum population growth and genetic diversity. The study found that planting trees 1,500 meters into a preserve can result in up to 247% more trees in 101 years' time.
Inheritance -- do we spend it or save it?
A new study suggests that people save only about half of their inherited wealth, with the remaining amount spent, donated, or lost. This decision has significant implications for families, financial markets, and the economy.
New study shines light on barriers to diabetes care in NYC Bangladeshi community
A new research survey found that the Bangladeshi community in NYC experiences significant barriers to diabetes care, including low English proficiency and limited awareness. The study also showed a high willingness among respondents to participate in community health programs for prevention and care.
Innovative efforts to reduce colorectal cancer disparities in Alaska Native population
A new study describes innovative efforts to increase colorectal cancer screening rates among Alaska Natives, resulting in a 55% statewide screening rate. The pilot projects included training mid-level providers, itinerant endoscopy services, patient navigator services, and database creation to identify high-risk individuals.
Disease-carrying colonizers on the move: Predicting the spread of ticks across Canada
Tick populations are spreading across Canada due to changing temperatures, posing a significant risk of Lyme disease. The study predicts that 80% of eastern Canada will be at risk by 2020, with warmer temperatures allowing ticks to colonize new areas.
Selenium supplements could be harmful to people who already have enough selenium in their diet including a large proportion of US population
A new review suggests that taking selenium supplements can increase the risk of developing type-2 diabetes in people who already have enough selenium in their diet. The study found that a large proportion of the US population has adequate selenium levels, making supplementation potentially harmful.
Sam Houston State professor examines race and sentencing
Dr. Travis Franklin's studies found that Native Americans, especially young males, face harsher sentences than whites, African Americans, and Hispanics in federal courts. In another study, he discovered that Asian Americans are the least likely to be incarcerated and receive shorter sentences in state courts compared to other racial gr...
Human population the primary factor in exotic plant invasions in the United States
A recent study reveals that human population is a primary factor in exotic plant invasions in the United States, with many non-native species spreading considerable distances and crowding out native plant populations.
Rare fungus kills endangered rattlesnakes in southern Illinois
A rare fungus has been identified as the cause of mass deaths among eastern massasauga rattlesnakes in southern Illinois and similar cases in the northeast US. The fungus, Chrysosporium, is not normally seen in free-ranging animals but has been linked to disease in captive reptiles.
Potential for incorrect relationship identification in new forensic familial searching techniques
Researchers found that unrelated individuals may be mistaken for genetic relatives due to population-specific genetic differences. This is particularly concerning for individuals of Asian or Native American descent, where false familial identification is more likely.
More efforts needed to address motor vehicle deaths among American Indians and Alaska Natives
A systematic review of literature found a significant disparity in motor vehicle-related deaths among American Indian and Alaska Native populations. The study identified multiple risk factors, including rural living, alcohol use, and pedestrian involvement in crashes, but lacking effective interventions to improve pedestrian safety.
Penn anthropologists clarify link between Asians and early Native-Americans
Researchers found a genetic connection between Native Americans and southern Altaians, suggesting the Altai region as the potential source of the earliest Native Americans. The study analyzed mitochondrial DNA and Y chromosome DNA markers to define the founding lineages of Native American populations.
Gastrointestinal bleeding: What many kidney failure patients stomach
Upper GI bleeding is common and serious in dialysis patients, with rates 10 times higher than in the general population. The condition can lead to early deaths and substantial negative effects on kidney function.
Asian-Americans getting better heart attack care
A recent study published in Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes found that Asian-American heart attack patients received nearly the same quality of care as white counterparts, with improvements seen between 2003 and 2008. Despite this, disparities persist, including lower rates of aspirin use and smoking cessation counseling.
How many lives could a soda tax save?
A nationwide tax on sugary drinks could prevent nearly 100,000 cases of heart disease and 26,000 deaths annually. The tax would also generate $13 billion in direct revenue and save the public an additional $17 billion per year in healthcare costs.
Diabetes risk reduced among Latinos in UMass clinical study
A community-based diabetes prevention project in Lawrence, MA, taught healthy food choices and reduced pre-diabetes indicators in a Latino population. Participants who received lifestyle intervention had significant weight loss and clinically meaningful reductions in insulin resistance.