Articles tagged with Behavioral Economics
Elsevier has launched a new review journal focused on behavioral sciences, providing updates on the field through educational forums. The journal will co-edited by Professors Trevor Robbins and Cindy Lustig, showcasing novel breakthroughs and significant trends.
Research by University of Delaware professor Katalin Takacs Haynes finds that extreme greed among top managers leads to lower performance and loss of shareholder value. However, a powerful board or long CEO tenure can mitigate this effect.
A behavioral economic approach offering financial incentives significantly increased smoking abstinence rates among pregnant women, particularly those from disadvantaged backgrounds. Fetal growth also improved, with a substantial increase in healthy outcomes.
New research from University of Illinois economics professors Stefan Krasa and Mattias Polborn shows that economic issues have a greater impact on swing voters. Candidates compete for moderate voters in the middle who are virtually indifferent between rival candidates, leading to incentives to cater to their interests.
After four years of decline, the rate of teenagers coming into Ontario emergency departments with suicide-related behaviors stopped dropping between 2006 and 2010. The rates did not continue to drop and about one-third more of these events resulted in a hospital admission, suggesting an increase in severity.
A new study at the University of Southern California found that a signed commitment letter in exam rooms lowered inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions for cold symptoms by nearly 20%. This simple intervention, displayed in both English and Spanish, saved $70 million/year in drug costs alone.
A new study from the University of Toronto's Rotman School of Management found that businesses with head offices in highly religious communities were less likely to experience stock price crashes due to not disclosing bad financial news. Strong social norms, regardless of whether individuals are religious or not, can help minimize bad ...
A study of over 1,000 New Zealanders found that those who attempted suicide before age 24 had higher rates of metabolic syndrome, depression, and unemployment later in life. These individuals were also more likely to be hospitalized for psychiatric problems and reported feeling lonely and dissatisfied with life.
A University of Pittsburgh professor's research shows that competition can increase the saving behavior of the working homeless. The study found that residents who participated in a competition offered a prize of $100 for saving the largest percentage of their pay increased their savings rate by 33%.
A study of over 2,300 students found that those using debit cards at school cafeterias consumed more calories, especially non-healthy food items like candy and fries. Debit-only systems may lead to greater spending on lunch, as parents often have limited control over individual transactions.
A study by Cornell researchers found that schools using debit card payment systems serve lower nutrition and higher calorie meals, as students tend to overspend. This can lead to a greater intake of unhealthy food items like candy, cheeseburgers, and fries.
A recent study by University of Missouri researcher Rui Yao found that over 90% of future retirees are contributing only a minimal amount to their retirement funds. This is concerning given the uncertain future of social security benefits and the need for individuals to save more for their own financial security and the country's sake.
New UNH research suggests that employees with a sense of unjustified entitlement are more likely to report abusive supervision and mistreatment by their bosses. This perception can lead to negative psychological and behavioral reactions, impacting the careers and livelihoods of managers.
Two IU studies reveal that workplace and financial stress can lead to increased smoking, decreased exercise, and unhealthy eating habits. Researchers call for workplace wellness programs to address work-family conflict and financial strain as a way to promote healthier behaviors.
A new study explains the widening mortality gap among US white women, attributing it to increasing economic circumstances and health behaviors, particularly employment status and smoking habits. The research highlights the importance of implementing work-family policies to address obstacles faced by low-educated women.
A new study found that magazine advertisements often perpetuate hyper-masculinity, a toxic form of masculinity characterized by toughness, violence, and objectification. The research suggests that these ads can shape young men's attitudes and behaviors, contributing to social problems like violence and drug use.
A study by Brigham Young University economists found that girls outperformed boys in math competitions when the format was changed to a longer, multi-round competition. The study suggests that encouraging girls to stay in the competition and giving them time to acclimate can help them excel.
The Alfred P. Sloan Foundation has honored 126 outstanding U.S. and Canadian researchers as recipients of the prestigious Sloan Research Fellowships for 2013. These early-career scientists are making significant contributions to various fields, including computer science, mathematics, molecular biology, chemistry, oceanography, economi...
A recent analysis published in Archives of Sexual Behavior suggests that the widespread use of penicillin in the 1950s led to a rapid decline in syphilis and subsequently marked the beginning of the modern sexual era. As syphilis became more treatable, people began having more risky non-traditional sex.
A study published in Archives of General Psychiatry suggests that economic conditions during infancy may contribute to behavioral problems in adolescence. The research found a strong correlation between unemployment rates during infancy and increased odds of substance use, delinquent behaviors, and other issues.
Researchers found that commercial ultrasonic frequency devices did not deter or attract bed bugs, suggesting alternative methods may be more effective. The study's results highlight the importance of understanding bed bug bioacoustics and exploring low-frequency sounds produced by human hosts.
Adolescents are more likely to take risks when consequences are unknown, rather than being attracted to danger. Informing adolescents about likelihoods can reduce risky behaviors.
A new NYU study finds that fathers play a significant role in shaping their teenager's sexual behavior, despite being underrepresented in parent-based research. The study calls for more rigorous research and targeted interventions to support adolescent health and well-being.
Smart food marketers can use price reduction and discounts to encourage the consumption of healthy foods, while also maintaining profitability. The study's findings suggest that meal discounts for diet drinks and loyalty programs for milk, juice, or water instead of sugary drinks can be effective strategies.
Researchers found that testosterone-treated subjects lied less frequently than placebo-treated subjects in a dice game experiment. This result challenges the common perception of testosterone as promoting aggressive behavior and suggests that it may increase pride and the need for self-image.
Mothers who experience economic and psychological abuse are more likely to become depressed and spank their children in year five. The study found that controlling for demographic variables, mothers who experienced economic abuse were 1.9 times more likely to exhibit signs of depression than those who did not.
A recent study funded by the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) explores the effectiveness of 'nudge' and 'think' techniques in encouraging citizen participation. The researchers found that nudge techniques, such as doorstep canvassing and public recognition, yielded better results but were not always sustained in the long term.
A massive international survey of tobacco use in 3 billion individuals reveals the ongoing threat of tobacco, with industry manipulation and government complicity hindering effective control. The study emphasizes the need for increased resources to implement tobacco control strategies and counter pro-tobacco forces.
A new study at the University of Chicago found that teacher incentives can improve student academic performance. When teachers received a bonus upfront with conditions attached, students showed a significant gain of up to 10 percentiles in their scores compared to those without such incentives.
A Michigan State University study reveals that exposure to environmental harm increases the likelihood of environmentally-friendly behaviors among urban Chinese residents, regardless of economic status. People are more likely to act when they feel a sense of personal responsibility and can take control of their actions.
A new study by George Loewenstein and Linda Dezsö reveals the pitfalls of personal loans. Borrowers often exhibit self-serving biases when it comes to loans, leading to misunderstandings and negative repercussions. Delinquent loans can cause significant harm to relationships.
A study at the University of Chicago shows that offering immediate rewards for good scores can dramatically improve test performance, particularly for low-performing students. Researchers found that non-financial rewards, such as trophies, were more effective for younger students than financial rewards.
Researchers propose 'automated hovering' approaches combining technology, behavioral economics, and new payment strategies to motivate patients to improve their health. These approaches aim to reduce costly hospital admissions by targeting specific patient populations and promoting adherence to medication regimens.
A study by a CCNY-led team found correlations between the spread of obesity and food marketing and distribution patterns. The researchers suggest that collective behavior plays a significant role in the spread of the epidemic, not individual factors such as genetics or lifestyle choices.
Researchers have developed a theory of moral self that may help explain ethical lapses in the banking and mortgage-lending industries. Individuals with high moral identity scores were more likely to behave morally, while those with low scores were less likely to do so.
Researchers Jan E. Stets and Michael J. Carter propose a theory of the moral self that may help explain the ethical lapses in the banking, investment and mortgage-lending industries. Individuals with high moral identity scores are more likely to behave morally, while those with low scores are less likely.
A 10-year study at a regional trauma center found significant negative association between orthopaedic trauma volume and county unemployment rates of the previous year. The study, presented at the AAOS Annual Meeting, suggests economic trends impact orthopedic trauma volume.
A new study found that unhappy employees are more likely to have unmet psychological needs, including autonomy, competence, and relatedness. When supervisors provide options and support, employees' basic needs are met, leading to higher happiness and well-being.
Research by University of Missouri researcher Gustavo Carlo finds that parents' financial problems and resulting mental distress impact their relationships with children. Children are less likely to engage in prosocial behaviors due to parental depression.
Ecosystem services have declined by 60% due to land conversion for food and fiber production. Experts recommend market-based solutions, such as cap-and-trade policies and certification schemes, to incentivize sustainable supply of these services.
A new statistical approach, stochastic frontier estimation (SFE), has been developed to address bias in self-reported medical research data. This technique can identify bias at specific times and individual levels, ensuring more robust double-blind placebo-controlled trials.
Research by University of Kansas social psychology professor Omri Gillath suggests that economic hardship can lead men to adopt short-term mating strategies, increasing their chances of reproduction. In low survivability conditions, men become more interested in sex and are more likely to pursue multiple partners.
A new study by University of Miami researchers found that binge drinking increases with rising state-level unemployment rates, affecting all population subgroups. Additionally, employed individuals are more likely to experience problematic drinking due to psychological factors like job insecurity.
Astrid Matthey and Tobias Regner's study found that individuals tend to act fairly if consequences are clear, but ignore them for personal gain. The researchers suggest providing information can improve behavior, such as promoting sustainable consumer choices.
A new study led by Johns Hopkins researchers found that community members link adolescent girls' increased HIV vulnerability to weak structural support systems. The study's findings highlight the need for policies and interventions to strengthen cultural, economic, educational, and legal structures to protect girls.
A study comparing the US economy to epilepsy suggests a connection between economic downturns and seizure-like behavior in financial markets. The researchers propose severing excess links between sectors to cure market distortions.
The Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) has approved four new research units focused on novel synthesis methods in chemistry, quantum diamonds, minimally invasive surgical procedures in medicine, and economic mechanisms in firms and markets. The Research Units will receive a total of 10.2 million euros over three years.
Researchers found that Americans struggle with financial literacy, often relying on personal experience rather than education. The study also highlights the cultural normalization of credit card use and heavy debt, which contributes to risky financial behavior.
A new analysis of over 25 years of research links exposure to risk-glorifying media with increased risk-taking behaviors and attitudes. Video games were found to be more likely to prompt dangerous behavior than passive media exposure such as watching films or listening to music.
A recent study published in PLoS Medicine found that Zimbabwe's HIV epidemic has declined dramatically, with the percentage of infected individuals dropping from 29% to 16% between 1997 and 2007. The researchers attribute this change to improved public awareness of AIDS deaths and a subsequent fear of infection.
A new study by Michigan State University finds that residents of larger cities in China exhibit more environmentally friendly behavior than those in smaller cities. The study suggests that employment and leadership opportunities play a key role in promoting pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors.
Research suggests that economic systems influence cooperation and trust, with societies prioritizing cooperation experiencing higher levels of trust and cooperation. Climate also impacts behavior, with violent-crime rates increasing during warmer months and prosocial behaviors enhanced by sunny weather.
A new study finds significant differences in psychological and behavioral traits between WEIRD (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic) societies and non-WEIRD societies. The study calls for more diverse research samples to make generalizations about human psychology.
A study by University of Missouri researcher Rui Yao found that older Chinese consumers perceive themselves 20-40 years younger than their actual age. The study suggests marketers should focus on energetic and youthful campaigns to appeal to this demographic.
Researchers found that exposure to fast food symbols increases preference for time-saving products, reduces willingness to save, and promotes a general sense of haste. The study highlights the potential impact of fast food on everyday psychology and behavior.
An analysis of nearly 25 years of data found a strong association between socioeconomic position and risk of death, with health behaviors explaining 42% of the association. Health behaviors assessed at baseline explained 29% of the gradient for cardiovascular mortality, increasing to 45% when entered as time-dependent covariates.
Researchers found that the amygdala structure in the brain is critical for triggering caution when making gambles with potential losses. This study provides new evidence for the role of the amygdala in fear and anxiety, shedding light on economic behavior and emotional decision-making.
A Cornell study analyzing 27 million online poker hands found that novice players tend to lose money despite winning more hands, as they struggle with occasional large losses versus frequent small gains. Small pairs are more valuable for small-stakes players than medium pairs due to their less ambiguous value.
A study by Dr. Kristyn Harms and colleagues found that experiential learning significantly impacts students' ability to manage change in agroecosystems. The study identified key factors, including hands-on activities, emotional responses, and human interactions, that contribute to behavioral change.
The center has awarded its third round of competitive research grants to six projects focused on energy efficiency in buildings, transportation, and behavior. The projects aim to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption through innovative approaches such as design optimization, policy analysis, and behavioral interventions.