Articles tagged with Economic Development
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The book, 'In Their Own Words: Voices of Jihad,' provides an unusual window into the thinking of Islamic terrorists. It includes translations of writings and speeches from notable jihadis like Osama bin Laden and Abu Musab al-Zarqawi.
Fusionopolis is Singapore's second major R&D hub, featuring world-class research institutes and corporate labs. The development aims to break down barriers and foster multidisciplinary collaboration, driving breakthroughs in complex societal challenges.
Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao emphasized the importance of basic research investment, aiming for a 4% annual reduction in energy consumption. He also vowed to improve food safety and tackle environmental challenges, recognizing science as crucial for societal development.
Research by Mark Levels and colleagues reveals that economic development in an immigrant's home country positively impacts their child's academic success. Immigrant children from small communities or politically unstable countries face educational disadvantage, emphasizing the need for targeted programs to support their potential.
A comprehensive strategy on technological innovations is crucial to prevent the impending economic crisis in health care. Advanced technologies such as biomeasurement, bioinformatics, and health information technologies will be required to improve disease prevention and efficient care.
A new study reveals that women's lack of access to credit leads to reduced economic output in rural households, with an average loss of 11% efficiency. The research highlights the need for policies addressing women's capital constraints to promote economic growth and efficient resource allocation.
The newly established Solar Power Laboratory aims to advance solar energy research and development while improving the efficiency of solar electric power systems. Researchers will collaborate with industry partners to accelerate the expansion of Arizona's renewable energy economy.
A new approach to biofuel production uses plants to make enzymes, reducing costs and increasing efficiency. The technology, developed by Texas A&M University researchers, can produce multiple products from a single crop, making it a more economically viable option.
A new study on Uganda's commodity coffee market found that when global coffee prices rise, farmers do not see the same increase in their earnings. The influx of seasonal buyers, known as 'ddebe boys,' means price increases are not fully passed on to growers.
A study published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine found that traffic-related pollution increases the risk of asthma, hay fever, and eczema in children by more than 50%. Children living closer to roads are at a higher risk due to increased exposure to pollutants and aerosols.
Road traffic deaths in China have surged almost 100% over two decades, with the leading cause of death for people up to age 45. The study found that deaths increased by 95% between 1985 and 2005, despite a decrease in road-related injuries.
Bill Middleton is using satellite imagery to build a detailed landscape map of Oaxaca, where the Zapotec people formed the first state-level and urban society in Mexico. The study will explore how the Oaxacan economy and environment changed as the Zapotec state grew and then collapsed.
Woody and aquatic plants pose significant threats to China's ecosystems, with the country at risk of catching up with the US in terms of invasive species. China has fewer invasive woody plants than the US, but the introduction of new species via international trade is expected to increase rapidly.
A new study reveals that highly educated women weigh less than less educated women in wealthier countries due to rapidly growing obesity rates. In contrast, better-educated women in poorer countries tend to weigh more, as they exit under-nutrition and adjust their diet.
Arizona State University professors Edward Prescott and Luc Anselin have been elected to the National Academy of Sciences for their groundbreaking work in macroeconomics and spatial econometrics. Their election recognizes the institution's commitment to advancing knowledge in these fields.
The Enterprise Initiative will analyze the role of enterprise in simulating economic growth, inequality, and poverty reduction using high-quality models based on massive survey data from Thailand and other emerging economies. The project aims to provide policy solutions and shed light on circumstances that lead to entrepreneurial growth.
Gretchen Daily, a Stanford University biologist, has been recognized by the Sophie Foundation for her groundbreaking work blending economics and ecology. Her research focuses on quantifying the economic value of ecosystems and promoting conservation through practical applications.
A new study by University of Minnesota professor Paul Vaaler reveals that foreign investors respond to shifting partisan political tides during election years in emerging-market countries. When the likely swing is to the right-wing, foreign investment projects increase, while left-wing swings lead to a decrease in new investments.
The article explores how pirates established a stable form of self government, with quartermasters playing key roles in governance. The
Dr. Caroline Wagner discusses how self-organizing networks have transformed scientific research, enabling global collaboration among researchers with complementary skills and expertise. Her work emphasizes the importance of adaptability and flexibility in institutions and knowledge systems.
The Elsevier Foundation has awarded grants to thirteen institutions worldwide to promote innovation in developing countries and the academic workplace. The awards support initiatives that improve access to scientific information, develop information resources, and balance childcare responsibilities for early-career scholars.
A team of LA BioMed researchers developed a new, more reliable method for measuring protein synthesis and turnover using deuterated water and mass spectrometry. This breakthrough enables scientists to study the dynamics of every protein in the human body accurately for the first time.
A new book, Going Global, explores emerging trends and potential future of business, global poverty, communications and the world food supply. It forecasts that more people will work in virtual worlds like Second Life, blurring the line between work and leisure.
The Journal of Human Capital is a new publication that explores the role of education, training, and knowledge in economic life. Key findings include the impact of household vs. marketplace rewards on education, as well as the effect of student loans on lower-income families' college options.
A ground-breaking study finds that allowing fish numbers to rise leads to higher profits, contradicting the assumption that maximizing fishing profits will lead to stock depletion. The study's results suggest a win-win scenario for fisheries and the global marine environment.
A recent survey by LA BioMed researchers found that only 6% of emergency rooms in the US have all the necessary equipment and medicine for treating children. The majority of pediatric visits occur in non-child-friendly hospitals or rural facilities, highlighting a need for improvement in pediatric preparedness.
QUT and Syngenta will collaborate on developing cellulosic ethanol from sugarcane, aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by up to 80% compared to conventional petrol. The partnership is expected to lead to a significant global stake in biofuels research and potentially replace 30% of vehicle petroleum globally.
A new study by Conservation International warns that the Amazon rainforest is at risk from the IIRSA initiative, which could lead to widespread deforestation and loss of biodiversity. However, the report offers pragmatic approaches for reconciling economic development with environmental protection, including the use of carbon credits, ...
Prof. Hugh Herr's groundbreaking work in biomechatronics has led to the development of new prosthetic innovations that enhance mobility and quality of life for thousands of people with physical challenges. His research focuses on human amplification and rehabilitation systems, enabling leg amputees to walk faster and more stably.
The US continues to have the highest level of health spending among OECD countries, driven by higher prices and per capita incomes. The country has fewer healthcare resources and lower utilization rates compared to other developed nations.
A new study examining household preferences for school quality finds that college-educated households are willing to pay $58 more per month than those without a college degree to live in an area with 10% more college-educated neighbors. Additionally, blacks are willing to pay $98 more per month to live in a neighborhood with 10% more b...
The BioWeb is an Internet library of peer-reviewed papers and information related to bioenergy and bioproducts, providing valuable resources for scientists, students, and researchers. The project aims to strengthen American agriculture and develop environmentally friendly manufacturing products and technologies.
A recent study found that immigration can significantly lower the prices of food, clothing, furniture, and appliances. The study used data from Israel's immigrant population in the 1990s and found that an increase in immigrants led to a decrease in prices by an average of 0.5 percentage points.
The Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, a long-term research effort in the Amazon, is imperiled by SUFRAMA's colonization plan. The project, which has hosted hundreds of scientists, may lose its research sites and critical conservation areas.
Research by Aldret Albert Musisi shows that Uganda's physical infrastructure investment will pay itself back with substantial returns, stimulating sectoral growth and alleviating poverty. Investments in electricity and services sectors yield the greatest returns, while infrastructure upgrades benefit agriculture and industry.
Researchers argue that increased US trade with countries like China has significantly increased carbon emissions, with CO2 emissions from imports rising from 12% in 1997 to 22% in 2004. The study concludes that this trend is likely to continue without major efforts towards efficiency gains and cleaner development.
The US health care system ranks last compared to five other nations on quality, access, efficiency, equity, and outcomes. Despite spending more on healthcare than other countries, the US also invests less in health information technology.
A two-year RED initiative aims to reduce deforestation in tropical developing nations, saving half a billion metric tons of carbon every year. Computer models predict that preserved forests will continue to act as a carbon sink if emissions are kept under control.
A RAND Corporation report found mixed results from laboratory tests of Save the World Air's ZEFS device, suggesting its effectiveness in reducing tailpipe pollutants and increasing fuel efficiency is uncertain. Further testing is needed to confirm or refute the technology's performance.
An international science team led by LSU professor Robert Twilley is developing an environmental observation system for India to help reduce climate-related risks. The system will provide a scientific foundation for long-term government policies aimed at meeting international accords on greenhouse gas emissions.
The US Economic Development Administration has awarded $1.5 million to the Rutgers-Camden Technology Campus to develop wet labs for a new Biotech-Life Science Business Incubator. The grant will create 255 jobs and generate over $17 million in private investment, supporting the growth of New Jersey's biotechnology industry.
Susan Murcott, an MIT engineer, collaborates with people from developed and developing countries to solve humanitarian problems. Her co-evolutionary engineering design approach ensures sustainable, affordable, and safe drinking water solutions.
New research by Brown University Professor Ross Levine finds that powerful supervisory agencies actually lower bank lending integrity. Instead, strategies focusing on accurate information disclosure enhance efficiency and reduce corruption. The study suggests 90% of countries implementing Basel II regulations may face bad outcomes.
A. Paul Alivisatos, co-editor of Nano Letters, wins the Ernest Orlando Lawrence Award for his contributions to materials research and development of functional semiconducting nanocrystals, also known as quantum dots.
A study by Matthias Doepke and Martin Schneider found that even mild inflation can lead to substantial redistribution of nominal assets, with younger, middle-class households benefiting the most. Rich retirees are expected to lose nearly 60% of their household-sector losses due to inflation.
Research shows that mental health problems lead to greater levels of stress, anxiety, and depression among workers in the service sector. The study found that investing in mental health treatment and prevention can result in significant cost savings for governments.
A study by Hans-Werner Sinn suggests that Germany's export boom is causing structural changes away from labor-intensive sectors towards capital-intensive export sectors, leading to high value-added exports but declining jobs. The country needs fundamental reforms to make its labor market more flexible.
A recent special issue of Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment highlights China's environmental concerns, including water and air pollution, cropland loss, and biodiversity decline. The country's rapid urbanization is also exacerbating these issues, with over 50% of its population expected to live in towns and cities by 2020.
A study finds that children of immigrants are more likely to pursue math and science careers due to higher economic aspirations and parental expectations. The research suggests a positive impact on the US economy as these individuals contribute to the nation's changing workforce needs.
A recent study by Matthew J. Kotchen found that green markets can crowd out private voluntary donations in sufficiently large economies. This is because consumers' willingness to pay more for environmentally friendly products can increase the level of giving, but also discourage direct donations to environmental causes.
New research suggests that international fishing trade can benefit developing African countries by generating foreign exchange revenue and improving local food security. The trade in high-value fish species, such as tuna and squid, helps underpin domestic fisheries and supports the livelihoods of thousands of people.
A groundbreaking study finds that in utero health has a stronger impact on adult economic outcomes than inherited traits, with children of infected mothers facing lower graduation rates and earnings. The study's findings suggest targeting early-life health could help reduce racial disparities in socioeconomic status.
The EU, US, and Iran are engaged in negotiations over Iran's nuclear program, with significant implications for regional stability and global leadership. Dr. Amuzegar argues that hidden agendas and domestic political considerations are complicating the talks.
Researchers study the impact of changing river hydrology, exotic pests, land development, and sociopolitical and economic factors on tupelo honey production. Beekeepers face difficulties in producing honey, with some colonies losing up to 50% due to infestations.
A study published in the June issue of Family Business Review found that family businesses have a significant edge over non-family firms. The research measured firm performance across various metrics, including profitability, workforce management, and economic output, concluding that family-led companies tend to excel in these areas.
A Romanian study reveals that children born after an abortion ban had significantly better educational outcomes, finishing high school and working in advanced jobs. The study attributes this positive effect to changes in the composition of women having children, particularly among urban and educated mothers.
Young Bamileke immigrants from Cameroon are using unorthodox methods to become rich, going against the general ethics of their community. The government's reluctance to address 'feymania' is undermining efforts to control corruption and criminality, strengthening the country's negative image abroad.
A recent study published in Social Science Quarterly reveals a link between Wal-Mart's expansion and increased poverty rates in local communities. The authors found that the arrival of large retail chains like Wal-Mart leads to the displacement of small businesses, resulting in reduced local leadership capacity.
The study by Murphy and Topel reveals that life-extending procedures have a greater value than rising medical expenditures overall. The authors show that increased longevity has an economic value of $1.2 million per person, with the largest gains at birth and young age.
Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) has received a $465,000 grant from the Henry Luce Foundation to develop a groundbreaking Ph.D. program in sustainability. The program will integrate research and coursework in engineering, science, economics, and public policy to advance sustainable industrial system design.