Articles tagged with Moral Judgement
Recent shifts in federal policy and funding have impacted hundreds of clinical trials designed to study disease burdens in underrepresented populations. The report highlights a systemic crisis in medical research, citing a disruption at scale that has affected over 74,000 participants across 383 trials.
Historian Dr Michael Edwards reveals that Samuel Pepys curated his correspondence to hide his connections to slavery and slave trading. In a surprising twist, Pepys rejected an offer of an enslaved boy as a bribe, demonstrating his sensitivity over the issue.
Researchers identify the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) as the brain region associated with moral inconsistency. Studies show that individuals with less vmPFC activity are more likely to be morally inconsistent, indicating a failure to integrate moral knowledge into daily behavior.
The MOH–NUS Postgraduate Fellowship in Biomedical Ethics aims to equip healthcare professionals with knowledge and understanding of biomedical ethics, ethical analysis and reasoning. The first awardee, Ms Kwek Shi Qi, will conduct a research project to map barriers and drivers for nurses mediating ethical conflicts in frontline work.
In a study, participants preferred feedback providers who provided overly optimistic feedback to avoid hurting others, even if it meant telling the truth. This suggests that people strategically adjust their preferences for honesty based on social cues and prioritize the well-being of others.
Researchers at UTA will develop and test SJT training effectiveness with soldiers to enhance ingenuity in resource-constrained scenarios. The two-year project aims to improve a more effective force, benefiting not only military personnel but also other high-stakes professions like firefighters and emergency medical personnel.
Researchers warn that advances in AI and neurotechnology are outpacing our understanding of consciousness, with potential serious ethical consequences. A better understanding of consciousness could have major implications for AI, prenatal policy, animal welfare, medicine, mental health, law, and emerging neurotechnologies.
A former diplomat warns that algorithms lack empathy and intuition, which are essential for successful negotiations. However, AI can streamline diplomacy and amplify human aspirations when used carefully. Diplomats need training in AI ethics and global cooperation to ensure equal access and deployment.
The University of Cincinnati has established the Center for Explainable, Ethical and Trustworthy AI (CEET) with a $498,430 federal grant. The center will explore AI explainability, ethics, and trustworthiness through research and public engagement initiatives.
A new study provides a framework for researchers to make their work more equitable and representative of local communities. The guidance highlights the importance of community-based research, where community members are actively involved in identifying research priorities and designing studies.
A new book introduces a structure that balances efficiency and fairness in optimization models, examining real-world effects of different approaches. It suggests that truly optimal results are fair ones, promoting informed and ethical choices in algorithm-driven world.
Researchers developed a technique to study moral decision-making while driving, testing it on 274 philosopher participants. The results showed consistency across different philosophical schools of thought regarding what constitutes moral behavior in the context of driving.
The study analyzes 369,161 posts from Reddit's 'AITA?' board, finding that dilemmas concerning relational obligations were the most common type. Violations of trust, such as lying and cheating, were evaluated more negatively than acts of harm, highlighting the importance of trust in moral cognition.
The study found that counties with strong emphasis on fairness norms had higher odds of favoring green practices, while those emphasizing purity norms had stronger influence on household carbon footprint. Counties with high education levels also showed increased support for green attitudes.
A recent study by Aston University and University of Leipzig scholars found that workaholism can interfere with moral self-regulation and subsequent ethical behavior in organizations. This leads to employee silence on unethical practices, threatening organizational sustainability.
A new study highlights the risk of patient organizations losing independence due to funding from pharmaceutical companies. Researchers propose establishing a single database to track payments made to patient groups, doctors, and hospitals to improve transparency.
A new study introduces an emotion-based evaluative framework to address the impact of moral distress on professional identity. The research aims to provide insights into how clinicians can navigate moral challenges and calls for institutional education and support.
The book uses a 'history from below' approach to center the voices of petitioners, revealing how they framed their demands using language like justice, rights, and equity. Through over 4,000 petitions, Dr. Bright Alozie shows the significance of this genre in shaping colonial society and influencing decision-making.
A UT Arlington study suggests that speaking up is key to ethical decision-making in research groups. The researchers found that fostering an environment where everyone feels empowered to voice concerns can help prevent unethical behavior. An 'ethical champion' who steps up to speak out against potential issues was a common finding.
A new study from the University of Birmingham and the University of Nottingham found that the UK public is more accepting of adoption and surrogacy methods when one or both parents are infertile. The research showed significant increases in support for these methods, including planned private adoption and double donor surrogacy.
A study published in the Social Psychological Bulletin found that people who take revenge are morally condemned, but those who experience pleasure from doing so may be viewed as immoral. The researchers also discovered that when participants imagined themselves taking revenge, they perceived themselves as less moral than others.
Researchers from SWPS University studied how participants adjusted their private moral judgments to conform with others' opinions in virtual environments. In two studies, they found that people conformed to group pressure in 43% and 30% cases when faced with avatars controlled by humans or AI, respectively.
A large survey study found that people are willing to engage in immoral behaviors and judgments when participating in political discourse. The researchers attribute this to genuine internal dislike of the opposing party, leading to moral ambiguity. Politics makes us do things we wouldn't normally do, fuelled by outrage politics.
A team of researchers at North Carolina State University has developed a new experiment to better understand human moral judgments in traffic scenarios. The study aims to collect data for training autonomous vehicles to make
New Cornell University research reveals that morality plays a central role in judging individuals within one's own group more harshly than those from other groups. The study found that people are more likely to judge ingroup members who engage in morally wrong behavior, as it threatens the social glue of the community.
Researchers found that moral judgments involve distinct brain regions and activity patterns, contradicting the idea of moral monism. The study also revealed differences in brain activity between liberals and conservatives, suggesting that moral foundations can be identified through neural activations.
Researchers found that childhood adversity can reshape an individual's moral development, leading to a 'deformative experience' that pulls them away from their true nature. This asymmetric sensitivity to life history information affects judgments of praise and blame.
Children begin considering past choices at age 6, influencing their moral judgments of others. As they grow older, they account for choice in judging character behavior.
A study published in Scientific Reports found that ChatGPT's statements can significantly influence users' moral judgements. Participants were presented with moral dilemmas and asked whether the statement they read influenced their answers.
A recent study found that conservatives are not easily persuaded by traditional pro-environmental messages, even when framed in terms of their own moral values. Instead, messages emphasizing loyalty, authority, or purity were equally effective in promoting pro-environmental behavior among conservatives.
A recent NC State University study examines the relationship between artificial intelligence (AI) and law enforcement. The study reveals that law enforcement agencies must be involved in developing public policies regarding AI technologies, such as autonomous vehicles. Key findings also suggest that many officers lack understanding of ...
The Holocaust Centre North has been awarded a £105,000 grant from the Claims Conference to expand its collection of Holocaust-related materials. The project will digitize the centre's physical archive and increase its size by 50%, making it more accessible to researchers and the public.
Researchers at North Carolina State University developed a blueprint for incorporating ethical guidelines into AI decision-making programs. The new mathematical formula, based on the Agent, Deed, and Consequence (ADC) Model, considers intent, character, and consequences of actions to make more informed decisions.
A team of researchers demonstrates a nonconscious cognitive system that enables humans to make intuitive judgments striking a balance between conflicting moral duties. The study's findings contradict an influential dual process model, proposing instead a system capable of making tradeoffs in an optimal way.
New Rotman School research shows that emphasizing the historical and spiritual significance of artistic works can increase public support. By highlighting the collective value of art, people are more willing to protect it.
Researchers examine voting decisions when favored candidates commit moral transgressions, identifying key factors affecting support. Strong ideological identity and severity of transgression influence voter loyalty, with significant differences between conservatives and liberals.
A new study found that children are less likely to categorize farm animals as food and show more concern for their treatment. The research suggests that humans' moral views on eating meat develop between childhood and adulthood.
A new Penn State study found that people are more likely to choose empathy for an animal over a human, but only when the choices are not in competition. When context matters, people's willingness to engage in human empathy decreases, while their interest in animal empathy increases.
Research by Kobe University's Graduate School of Human Development and Environment found that children and adults alike show a tendency to morally judge lies of omission more leniently than lies of commission. This study highlights the importance of considering 'lies of omission' in guidance to improve children's morality.
New research finds that social media echo chambers can create a strong bond and increase the likelihood of radicalization. In studies examining posts on Gab and Reddit's "Incels" community, researchers found that users who aligned with the group's morals were more likely to use hateful language toward outgroups.
A North Carolina State University panel of experts assesses AV deployment risks and benefits, predicting substantial benefits if well-regulated. The study's findings suggest regulations could limit urban use of AVs and commercial fleet ownership, reducing risk and increasing benefits.
A new survey study links belief in social Darwinism with dysfunctional psychological characteristics such as exploitative attitudes, hostility and low self-esteem. Social Darwinists tend to admire strength and power despite having a fragile self-image.
A new study by UBC researchers found that people perceived as being less real and having 'less mind' when appearing within a photo. This discovery has implications for digital communication, particularly in online trials, healthcare, and education, where the perception of a person's mind can influence moral judgement.
A recent study highlights pitfalls associated with cybervetting, revealing that it assesses a candidate's moral character and often reflects explicit or implicit biases. The study calls for clear guidelines on the use of cybervetting to prevent bias in hiring processes.
A North Carolina State University expert suggests using a framework that considers three variables: agent intent, deed, and consequence. This approach can lead to more nuanced moral judgments, similar to human moral judgment.
Researchers found that testosterone supplements made people more sensitive to moral norms, contradicting earlier studies that linked high levels of testosterone to immoral behavior. The study suggests that testosterone's influence on behavior is more complex than thought.
A recent study found that people on both sides of the political spectrum value proportionality in achieving success, with liberals caring more about equity and conservatives valuing proportionality. The researchers aimed to understand the moral foundations behind political partisanship and how it influences policy support.
Researchers developed an ADC model that considers agent, deed, and consequence to explain variability in moral judgments. The study found that when stakes are high, consequences outweigh the nature of the deed, while lower stakes prioritize the agent's character.
Research from the University of Basel found that people tend to view exclusion as unjust when someone is visibly different from the group. However, if the excluded person is not visibly different, onlookers often assume they have
Researchers at Queensland University of Technology suggest that morality should be removed from the equation when it comes to abortion laws, recognizing pregnancy as a risk for any woman. They argue that women should have the legal right to reject this risk and that criminal sanctions against abortion are unjustified.
Researchers found that people focus more on outcome than absolute moral principles when faced with a real-life scenario, but not in hypothetical scenarios. This study suggests a disconnect between hypothetical moral judgment and real-life moral behavior.
A UCL-led study found that the brain responds weaker to money gained through immoral actions compared to those earned morally. The research identified a neural process that dampens the appeal of profiting at others' expense.
A recent study published in Scientific Reports found that individuals sensitive to sexual disgust are more likely to make duty-based moral judgments, similar to those who follow Immanuel Kant's moral philosophy. This is surprising, as previous research has shown no connection between moral disgust sensitivity and moral preferences.
Research by SISSA found that individuals with more developed anterior superior temporal sulcus (aSTS) are more likely to forgive those who have caused harm unintentionally. The aSTS is involved in representing others' mental states and comprehending the unintentional nature of actions.
Researchers from the University of Basel found that uninvolved observers are more likely to accept social exclusion of people who look cold and incompetent. In contrast, warm and competent-looking individuals receive more support in social exclusion situations.
Researchers found that pre-assessment of moral free riders can stabilize costly moral systems and promote cooperation. This approach considers a pool account where individuals can contribute in advance, allowing for more efficient detection of those unwilling to pay for justice.
New research from Oxford and Cornell Universities reveals that people's moral judgments are based on absolute rules, even when given more time. Those who adhere to these moral absolutes are seen as more trustworthy and valued in social situations, suggesting an evolutionary basis for this preference.
A new study found that autistic and non-autistic adults equally condemn actions requiring harm for the greater good. Researchers identified two facets of autistic personality: increased self-oriented distress and reduced empathy, which counterbalance each other.
Researchers at Boston College and Boston University found that people widely believe suicide is immoral due to concerns over soul purity. Their study showed that participants were more likely to morally condemn suicide if they believed it tainted the victims' souls, regardless of their political or religious views.
Researchers discover that moral judgment is associated with feelings of warmth and compassion towards someone in distress, specifically reduced empathic concern in utilitarian responders. The study shows that empathy is not the primary driver of moral decision-making, but rather a diminished emotional response.