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Study predicts loss of monarch winter refuges

A study predicts that monarch butterfly winter refuges in central Mexico will continue to decline due to increased storms and wet conditions. Human activities such as deforestation and logging further exacerbate the problem, threatening the survival of these iconic butterflies.

SourceUniversity of Minnesota·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateNov 10, 2003

Monarch butterflies, corn pollen coexist in cornfields

Researchers found that monarch larvae are more likely to be exposed to toxic corn pollen when pollen is shed during peak larval activity. In Ontario, 62% of larvae were exposed to toxic pollen, while in Iowa, the figure was 15%. The study suggests that agricultural habitats like cornfields are crucial for monarchs.

SourceUniversity of Minnesota·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateSep 21, 2001