Articles tagged with Research Funding
A study found that chemicals from household sources like mothballs and pesticides linger in carpeting for extended periods. The type of chemical determines how long it stays attached to the carpet, with denser materials persisting longer.
Researchers have discovered a potential new target for therapy by understanding how Onyx-015 works against cancer cells. The study suggests that the drug's effectiveness may be linked to p14 ARF, which could lead to the development of new cancer treatments.
The Foundation for Exploration and Research on Cultural Origins (FERCO) has funded eight research projects on ancient civilizations in Asia, North America and Europe. These projects include studies of early maritime adaptations, trade networks and the distribution of obsidian, among others.
Brown's Materials Research Science and Engineering Center will continue to perform fundamental research in mechanics of materials, exploring nanoscale electronics and complex microstructures. The grant also supports educational outreach programs, including summer research experiences for minority university students.
Researchers at Northwestern University are developing a non-destructive test to detect small flaws, latent flaws, and general degradation in commercial aircraft wiring. The FAA is funding the $450,000 grant, which aims to improve aircraft safety by identifying critical degradation levels of aging wiring without removal from its location.
Researchers have identified key molecules on the surface of blood cells that guide them to their rightful targets in the body's tissues. This process, known as cell trafficking, is crucial for the proper function of the immune response and helps prevent cancerous cells from spreading.
Researchers aim to design technology that allows users to create profiles of their information interests, enabling customized information services and efficient data recharging on portable devices. The team plans to develop a profiling language and middleware techniques to track users' online needs.
Researchers found that offspring of premature heart attack victims exhibit structural and functional changes in their arteries, including thicker vessel walls and reduced reactivity, even in the absence of other risk factors. This study uses high-resolution ultrasound to detect early signs of atherosclerosis at young ages.
Researchers investigate use and social impacts of Blacksburg Electronic Village through community surveys, interviews, and psychological scales. They aim to understand the role of community networks in shaping local business activities and public decision-making.
Researchers have discovered a biological marker associated with depression in children, who produce less growth hormone than normal peers when given a specific hormone. This finding could give doctors an early warning system to treat children at risk for major depression before they develop the illness.
Researchers at Cornell University will develop adaptive software that can adjust to changing conditions in simulations and hardware. The Adaptive Software Project aims to create software that behaves like a living organism, adapting to improve results or survival.
Researchers found that injured ruffe emit a potent, repugnant odor when in contact with other ruffe, which significantly suppresses their swimming and feeding activities. This cue has potential for managing the invasive species, but its effectiveness remains to be determined.
A three-year study found no evidence of toxic substances from Pfiesteria in seafood. Researchers sampled edible tissues from various fish species and discovered that only menhaden were affected, with open sores being the primary cause.
The University at Buffalo is leading a $10 million DARPA project to develop specific ferromagnetic materials for use in spintronics. The goal is to create magnetic semiconductors and prototype devices to exploit electron spin properties, enabling new functions in data processing, storage, and communications.
The Stanford researchers received $2,200,000 to transform the World Wide Web into a Global InfoBase, creating a universal information model and query language. Additionally, they aim to personalize information management and analyze semantics to reveal new knowledge.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center discovered a new protein, SMAC, which promotes apoptosis and is responsible for cell death. The study found that only seven amino acids are necessary to induce cell death, making it possible to design drugs based on these amino acids.
Elaine M. Hull receives a $602,759 Independent Scientist Award to expand her research on hormone and neurotransmitter interactions in the brain. She aims to clarify how gonadal hormones influence neurotransmitter release in the medial preoptic area, essential for male copulation in all vertebrate species.
A new study documents very warm sea surface temperatures in the western Pacific about 400,000 years ago, which supports the hypothesis that the tropics is a key player in global climate change. The analysis provides valuable insights into past temperature shifts and could aid numerical modelers in predicting future warming.
The study found that the Gz protein conveys signals from epinephrine, supporting the body's ability to stave off lethal blood clots and avoid strokes. The research also sheds light on human drug dependency and holds promise for the development of more effective painkillers, anti-depressants, and clot-busters.
A University of Illinois study found that one in five kids have a negative reaction to school initially, which can persist throughout the year and affect their participation. The researchers suggest that parents should monitor their child's feelings about school and prepare them for the transition to kindergarten.
A nationwide study of over 16,000 women found that common menopause symptoms vary across ethnic groups, socioeconomic statuses, and lifestyle habits. Symptoms such as hot flashes and vaginal dryness were more prevalent in African American and Hispanic women, while Japanese and Chinese women reported fewer symptoms.
OHSU researchers have successfully recorded individual nerve cell transmissions for the first time, revealing how synapses enable cells to communicate. The study provides new insights into the mechanisms of neural communication and has potential implications for understanding neurological and mental diseases.
A team of six Brown University professors will explore the human brain's function using tiny electronic structures, potentially enabling computers to mimic human capabilities. The five-year grant aims to develop nanotechnology that can stimulate and record brain cells.
Researchers at Virginia Tech have developed a new family of polydienes with the highest molecular weights ever reported, improving thermal and mechanical properties for enhanced performance. The material also exhibits unique optical disk and optical fiber applications due to its high refractive index.
Researchers have discovered that naturally occurring microorganisms can reduce the severity of scab disease, a fungal disease costing US farmers over $3 billion annually. The approach, known as microbial spray, increases naturally occurring bacteria in crops close to harvesting time, reducing the need for chemical fungicides.
Researchers at Virginia Tech have developed a new type of flame retardant material that is also lightweight and strong. The materials, which are based on phenolic resin, have been shown to burn at near-zero rates, making them ideal for use in structures such as offshore oil platforms and tunnels.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital used fMRI scans to study how the brain processes facial expressions from different racial groups. The results showed differences in amygdala response, suggesting people may become more familiar with their own racial group's faces.
A new model of the northern Hayward Fault in California's San Francisco Bay Area suggests that a major earthquake along that portion of the fault may be less likely than previously suspected. Aseismic creep has been relieving strain on the northern part of the fault, making a large earthquake on this segment unlikely.
Researchers have discovered a potent antioxidant in beer, specifically the compound xanthohumol found in hops, which has been shown to be six times more effective than antioxidants in citrus fruits and four times more effective than those in soy products. The study suggests that drinking beer may help prevent certain diseases such as h...
Scientists at Georgia Institute of Technology have successfully created nanojets, tiny devices that could revolutionize electronics and gene delivery. The jets achieved a high velocity of up to 400 meters per second and formed droplets with remarkably uniform size.
A new technique developed by UF researchers reduces toxic pollution from incinerating CCA-treated wood, making it less likely to leach into groundwater. The method introduces limestone to react with arsenic, forming larger particles that stay in the ash instead of escaping through smokestacks.
A study by Prof. Arnold Labrie explores how desire for purity emerged as a response to societal changes, masking a preoccupation with the impure. The concept of purity is closely tied to order and excludes those deemed 'impure', reflecting underlying tensions between traditional values and emerging modernities.
Chemist David L. Van Vranken receives Arthur C. Cope Scholar Award for his studies of protein reactivity patterns, which have led to the development of new drugs targeting cancer and other diseases. His research has also shed light on the effects of aging and environmental factors on proteins in the body.
Researchers at Cornell University and the USDA have found that stressed St. John's wort plants produce more of the active compound hypericin, which is a key ingredient in depression remedies. The finding suggests that the plant's chemical arsenal increases when it faces stress from predators like insects.
A new NIH-funded study will examine the likelihood and determinants of elder neglect by analyzing differences between neglect and non-neglect cases. The study aims to understand the complex dyadic relationship between older adults and their caregivers.
A new UCSF study found that women with advance provision of emergency contraception are three times more likely to use it than those who only received information. The study also found no increase in high-risk sex behavior among women using the morning-after pill.
Researchers at Scripps Institution of Oceanography have produced the first direct three-dimensional image of a volcanic system using sound waves. The team used a two-mile long array of hydrophones to record sound signals reflected from a magma chamber beneath the East Pacific Rise, revealing a large and complex magma chamber system.
The Spotted Jellyfish, native to Australian coastal waters, have invaded the northern Gulf of Mexico causing concern over their potential threat to the region's ecosystems and commercial fisheries. The jellies' feeding habits and survival capabilities in the Gulf waters are being investigated by researchers.
Deep breathing reduces adverse effects of methacholine on healthy lung function by 85%, potentially providing therapeutic options for asthmatics. The study suggests that deep breaths stretch lung tissue, releasing a protective chemical to keep airways open.
Great presidents are often stubborn and disagreeable, but also more extraverted, open to experience, and assertive. The study found that nearly all presidents could be classified into one or more of eight presidential types, with some belonging to more than one group.
A Virginia Tech researcher's work has influenced reclamation policy, guidelines, and regulations in four Appalachian states. The study quantified the diversity, productivity, commercial value, and carbon-capture potential of 21 mined and reforested sites across a seven-state region.
A major new study from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill found a significant decline in milk consumption and a sharp increase in sugar-laden soft drinks among US teenagers between 1965 and 1996. This shift is linked to an increased risk of chronic diseases, including strokes, heart disease, and osteoporosis.
Harold McNair, a renowned chemist at Virginia Tech, has been awarded the American Chemical Society's Calvin Giddings Award for his outstanding contributions to analytical chemistry. He was recognized for his work on pesticide analysis using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.
Theoretical waveguide may create fast, high-bandwidth conduit for today's Internet applications. The all-dielectric coaxial cable could lead to significant miniaturization of integrated optical devices.
Researchers at the University of Rochester have determined an improved pattern for artificial light-harvesting molecules, finding a point of diminishing returns for larger dendrimers. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient chemical reactions and applications in fields like medicine and renewable energy.
Research suggests that bus drivers' high levels of stress and strain may lead to increased alcohol consumption, particularly during non-work hours. The study found no direct link between work-related stress and alcohol dependency or abuse, but highlighted the potential for occupational stress to contribute to excessive drinking behavior.
A new study finds that women with moderate iron deficiency struggle to increase aerobic endurance after exercise training, while iron supplements can compensate for this impairment. Iron-deficient women who boost their body iron through supplements can improve their exercise endurance twice as much as those without supplementation.
A team of scientists at Cornell University has discovered a genetic connection between the evolution of plump fruits and vegetables and the growth of human cancer cells. The study identified a single gene called ORFX that plays a key role in plant fruit development, similar to the human oncogene c-H-ras p21.
A plant-based vaccine has successfully triggered human immunity to the Norwalk virus, causing widespread food-borne illness in the US. Researchers at Cornell University and the University of Maryland have developed a transgenic potato vaccine that shows promising results in clinical trials.
A broad analysis by UC San Francisco researchers found that oral contraceptives generally double the risk of stroke, especially with high estrogen doses. The added risk is miniscule and remains low even when doubled, but caution is advised for smokers and those with high blood pressure.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School Medicine have discovered that the transforming growth factor-beta protein stimulates the development of sclerosis in the kidneys, leading to renal failure in diabetic mice. By neutralizing this protein, the study suggests that kidney disease in diabetes can be prevented.
A new study from Ohio State University reveals that trade agreements between countries can significantly reduce the likelihood of military conflicts. Countries belonging to the same preferential trade arrangements (PTAs) were 30-45% less likely to become involved in military disputes, compared to those without such agreements.
Researchers have developed a new technique that can detect explosive residues 10 times lower than existing methods, making it easier for authorities to identify the source of suspicious explosions. The technique may also help track the origin of explosives and manufacturer companies.
A study of 217,000 Medicare patients found that mortality rates were significantly lower for patients whose anesthesia was directed by an anesthesiologist. The researchers found that higher nurse-to-bed ratios, larger hospital size, and direct involvement of the anesthesiologist were independently associated with better patient survival.
Research suggests that middle and high school students with restrictive home smoking policies are less likely to start smoking. The study also found that parental influences can play a significant role in preventing adolescent smoking, alongside other parenting practices such as discussion, punishment, and rules against smoking.
The UK College of Nursing faculty will conduct a three-year clinical trial to test the effects of a cognitive-behavioral group intervention on increasing self-esteem and reducing negative thoughts in low-income single mothers experiencing depressive symptoms. The study aims to improve mental health outcomes for this vulnerable population.
A study published in Nature found that the combination of flavonoids and polyphenols in apples provides anti-oxidant and anti-cancer benefits. The researchers discovered that eating 100 grams of fresh apple with skins can provide the same anti-oxidant activity as 1,500 milligrams of vitamin C.
The Kaposi's sarcoma virus employs a novel strategy to evade the immune system by removing sentries on cell surfaces and shipping them for destruction. Researchers identified two viral genes that reduce MHC-1 proteins at the cell surface, allowing the virus to spread more widely.
Research reveals that child accident victims experience post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) more frequently than previously thought, with symptoms often overlooked by adults. The study emphasizes the need for better education programs to recognize subtle signs of PTSD in children.
Charles R. O'Melia received the Athalie Richardson Irvine Clarke Prize for his work on hazardous particles in water and his findings on filtration and coagulation practices. The prize comes with a gold medallion and $50,000, which will be given away to support education and environmental initiatives.