Articles tagged with Research Management
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study by researchers at the University of Toronto's Rotman School of Management and the Bank of Canada found that shorter lists of available investment options prove to be of higher quality than longer ones. The study used mathematical models and analysis of U.S. pension plans in 2007 to reach this conclusion.
Early child adversity can lead to chronic physical and mental disability, as well as increase the risk of smoking, substance abuse, obesity, cardiovascular disease, depression, and attempted suicide. Effective interventions, such as maternal depression treatment and economic support, can reverse or attenuate these effects.
A national survey found that 43% of midlife women use 'eating more protein' to prevent weight gain, with effective users having a consistent protein intake and self-efficacy towards weight management.
The Naval Postgraduate School has won the 2013 UPS George D. Smith Prize for its effective and innovative preparation of students to be good practitioners of operations research. The prize recognizes the school's strong link to the US Department of Defense and its focus on applying methods to solve problems facing the military.
Researchers at Medstar Health and Georgetown University School of Medicine found that implementing a value-based analysis approach to preventing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in surgical patients resulted in significant cost savings, with an estimated overall system-wide savings opportunity of $4 million. The study identified limiting the...
The Dutch Delta Program Commissioner won the 2013 INFORMS Edelman Award for his work on preventing flooding using operations research techniques. The project resulted in €7.8 billion less investment costs while strengthening the country's defense against devastating floods.
Researchers at UBC and Israel discovered that compliant physicians lead to more patient adherence to screening and vaccination practices. The study found significant differences in patients of doctors who received flu shots and those who did not, highlighting the importance of healthcare professionals' health habits on their patients.
Ford was recognized by INFORMS for its widespread use of analytics and operations research to drive business success. The company's application of advanced analytical methods has transformed it into a data-driven organization, supporting strategic and tactical decisions across multiple departments.
A study published in Canadian Medical Association Journal found that physicians who followed recommended screening and vaccination practices had more likely patients to also follow these practices. The research involved 1488 physicians and their adult patients in Israel's largest health maintenance organization, Clalit Health Services.
A Concordia University study found that Canadian aerospace companies can adapt to the global pace by adopting a smaller-is-better approach and focusing on integrated low-cost differentiation strategies. The research suggests that companies should develop marketing plans to convince large global companies of the benefits of working with...
A study conducted at Boston Medical Center found that IVC filters are often left in place indefinitely due to low retrieval rates and inconsistent anticoagulant use. A new multi-disciplinary team approach has been implemented to track and retrieve filters, resulting in successful removals of 10 out of 36 eligible filters.
The American Association of Neuroscience Nurses (AANN) is launching an iPad app edition of its official research publication, the Journal of Neuroscience Nursing. The new platform provides fast and convenient access to evidence-based information for neuroscience nurses.
A new study highlights the need for increased culls to control the UK's growing deer population. The research found that current management efforts are insufficient to stop populations from spreading out of control, threatening biodiversity and causing damage to crops and road traffic accidents.
Researchers at the University of York have established a link between Parkinson's and visual problems in an animal model. A study found that a common genetic mutation triggering Parkinson's affects eye nerve cell function, leading to gradual loss of vision.
A new fuzzy ontology-based system acts as a virtual moderator to bridge positions in negotiations. The system can be applied to everyday decisions and complex EU discussions.
Recent AGU journal publications explore the global climatology of explosive cyclones and their impact on U.S. biomes under climate change. A study found that extreme precipitation patterns decrease vegetative productivity by 20% in some regions, while others show neutral or negative effects.
A recent study published in Science investigates the stress state on the fault that controls a very large slip during an earthquake. The research found that the present shear stress on the fault is nearly zero, indicating a nearly complete stress change during the earthquake.
The new publication guidelines for systematic reviews cover two types of analysis: realist synthesis and meta-narrative reviews. These guidelines aim to provide a standard framework for researchers to report their methods and findings, ensuring thorough peer-review and consistency in methodology.
Researchers found that managers tend to opt for higher-risk options when forced to choose, but reflect more and make less risky decisions without constraints. The study highlights the importance of offering alternatives to combat high-risk or unethical decision-making.
The 25th Annual Legislative Update provides a comprehensive review of new legal and regulatory issues affecting advanced nursing practice across the US. APRNs have improved access to care in several states despite challenges from medical boards, and efforts continue to standardize laws and regulations.
Research by USC Marshall School of Business professor Scott Wiltermuth found that giving individuals a sense of power leads to a clear sense of right and wrong, causing them to punish transgressions more severely. This moral clarity can lead to organizational problems in the private and public sector.
A study from University College London found that genetic differences significantly associate with managerial responsibilities, with a specific DNA sequence linked to leadership ability passing down through generations.
Research in Psychological Science shows that small price differences can increase perceived similarity between options, making choosing less difficult. This effect leads to reduced deferment of choices and increased purchases.
A study by Northwestern University's Kellogg School of Management found that people distort their memories and convince themselves they passed up opportunities for racism, even if none existed. This mental trick increases willingness to express less racially sensitive views and feel licensed to behave in questionable ways.
A recent study finds that Fortune 1000 companies using marketing analytics see an average 8% increase in return on assets, with potential gains of $70-180 million in net income. The research highlights the key role of management support and analytics skills in successful marketing analytics deployments.
Researchers have adapted weather forecasting techniques to predict local flu outbreaks, providing weeks of warning before the peak. The system uses data assimilation and Google Flu Trends to estimate flu-related sickness in regions, allowing health officials to better prepare and make informed decisions.
Researchers at the University of Liverpool developed a computer-based test to help heavy drinkers reduce their alcohol consumption by practicing restraint in response to images of alcoholic drinks. The study found that participants who learned to exercise self-control subsequently drank less beer than control groups.
Despite the devastating effects of smoking on cancer treatment and survival, many cancer patients struggle to quit due to various obstacles. Nicotine addiction, limited access to support programs, and socioeconomic status are just a few of the hurdles that hinder smoking cessation.
The US Coast Guard and USC's Viterbi School of Engineering developed the PROTECT system, which uses quantal response theory to model unpredictable adversary behavior. The system has been successfully deployed in Boston and is undergoing testing at New York, showing improved results over human-generated patrolling strategies.
A study published in PLOS ONE reveals that experienced Brazilian mediums show lower brain activity in certain areas during psychography, a form of writing believed to be guided by spirits. The findings suggest an absence of focus, self-awareness, and consciousness during the trance-like state.
Researchers from the University of Illinois found that frontline employees are more likely to commit to continuous improvement initiatives if they perceive high job autonomy and trust their leaders. Employees need a sense of control over their work environment to be motivated to improve, and leadership must provide support for this mot...
The US will need 52,000 additional primary care physicians by 2025 due to population growth and aging, with a projected 25% increase in the workforce. Researchers also examine the benefits of starting prostate cancer screening at age 40 versus 50 and argue that guidelines should be evidence-based to prioritize proven services.
A new report provides guidance on family involvement in serious case reviews following a child's death or serious injury due to abuse or neglect. The research explores personal experiences of professionals and families, making recommendations for best practice.
A Northwestern University study found that black football players are more likely to be penalized for celebrations compared to their white counterparts. Participants rated arrogance levels equally regardless of race but suggested lower compensation for black celebrants. This 'hubris penalty' highlights racial bias in NFL rewards.
The INFORMS Impact Prize recognizes the development of five key algebraic modeling languages that translate mathematical models into computer language, enhancing optimization applications. The prize highlights the impact of these systems on industries such as production, logistics, and engineering.
Researchers found that combining distal protection devices with prophylactic nicardipine reduces life-threatening complications after PCI in patients with previous bypass surgery. At 30-days post-PCI, mortality and incidence of heart attack were significantly lower in the nicardipine group.
A simple 5-question patient-administered survey (COPD-PS) may lead to increased COPD diagnoses. The study found that screening tools in primary care could facilitate diagnosis of COPD in this population.
A University of Missouri lymphedema expert found that full-body exercise and complete decongestive therapy are effective in managing lymphedema symptoms. The therapy approach incorporates skin care, exercise, manual lymphatic drainage and bandaging, and can be done by patients to minimize their symptoms and maintain quality of life.
The NCAR-Wyoming Supercomputing Center has officially opened, launching a series of initial scientific projects on its flagship 1.5-petaflop supercomputer, Yellowstone. The center aims to improve predictions of natural hazards such as tornadoes and hurricanes through Earth science research.
Researchers from the Indiana University Kelley School of Business found that companies should only separate CEO and chair roles when there is a performance problem. The 'demotion strategy', which keeps the CEO but brings in an independent chair, was found to be the most corrective approach, reversing prior year's performance by 150%.
A new study by Arnold Barnett finds that subway and rail commuters are twice as likely to be killed in a terrorist attack as frequent flyers. The risk is even higher per mile traveled, with subways being ten times more deadly than air travel.
The simulator analyzes reaction to different scenarios and optimizes resources. It also helps make real-time decisions and improve service functionality. Researchers created the model using real data from Parc Taulí Healthcare Corporation, adapting modelling techniques for high-performance computing.
Researchers discovered a pheromone formula that attracts milkweed stem weevils, four times more than boll weevils, in Texas traps. This finding could help conserve rare milkweed types and monitor monarch butterfly populations.
The Modeling Good Research Practices Task Force provides comprehensive guidance on designing, implementing, and validating model-based studies. The seven reports offer recommendations for conceptualizing models, dealing with uncertainty, and validating models transparently.
A new Cochrane Review concludes that all countries should consider establishing proper home birth services to provide low-risk pregnant women with informed choice options. Home births in many settings can be as safe as hospital births with fewer interventions and complications, according to the review.
A team led by UC Riverside's John Trumble has been recognized for its research on zebra chip disease, which devastated the potato industry. The team developed new techniques to identify the pathogen and developed sustainable integrated pest management programs that enable growers to minimize potential negative effects on the environment.
A recent study by University of Notre Dame researcher Timothy Judge found that genes play a significant role in job stress and health problems. He studied nearly 600 twins and discovered that shared genes were about four times more important than shared environments in shaping personality, stress, and health outcomes.
A meta-analysis of 17 studies found that quitting alcohol significantly lowers the risk of esophageal cancer, with about half of this reduction occurring within 4-5 years. The study also suggests that moderate alcohol consumption may have beneficial health effects on cardiovascular disease and other conditions.
A joint study by Rotman School researcher finds that signing forms first activates people's moral sense, making it harder to cheat. The study reveals a significant difference in insurance premium payments between those who sign at the beginning and end of forms.
The mission aims to study the processes that underlie hurricane formation and intensity change. The data collected will help scientists decipher the relative roles of large-scale environment and internal storm processes.
A study finds that nature worship can harm the environment due to consumers' tendency to prioritize romantic escapes from culture. Eco-friendly products offer an opportunity for outdoor equipment manufacturers and tourism service providers to help reduce environmental damage.
A computer model developed by researchers can help healthcare clinics manage no-shows and last-minute cancellations by incorporating overbooking into the system. This approach has been shown to increase efficiency, bringing it back up to around 73% in some cases.
A study led by Dr. Louis Bherer found that all seniors, including those considered frail, can enjoy the benefits of exercise after only three months. The research showed significant improvements in physical capacity, cognitive performance, and quality of life among participants.
A cost analysis of delivering solar geoengineering materials to the stratosphere shows that it is feasible and affordable, with costs estimated at $1-2 billion per year. The study concludes that using aircraft is the cheapest option, while guns and rockets are more expensive due to lack of reusability.
A new study published in Journal of Consumer Research found that reducing desire for unhealthy foods through monitoring quantity can lead to self-control. Researchers discovered that people with high self-control eat less when consuming unhealthy foods due to increased satiation, allowing them to stop enjoying the experience faster.
A study by the University of Southampton found that beaver dams can have both negative and positive effects on fish populations. While beaver activities can temporarily impede fish movement and reduce spawning habitat, they also increase habitat diversity and abundance of invertebrates, benefiting fish.
Scientists from Disney Research have used simulations to study the elusive twinned rainbow, a rare optical phenomenon. The team found that the key to its occurrence lies in the combination of different-sized water drops falling from the sky, which produce slightly deformed rainbows.
A study by Esther Kim found that commuters use various tactics to avoid sitting next to others, including pretending to be busy or checking phones. The primary concern is not the background characteristics of fellow passengers but rather personal comfort and safety.
A recent study suggests that matching employees and customers based on their personalities can lead to improved service experiences. Empathic relationships between employees and customers are crucial for customer satisfaction and loyalty.
Relocating threatened species to save them from extinction is a complex issue due to unforeseen environmental consequences and potential disruptions to ecosystems. Developing effective guidelines and protocols for managed relocation is crucial to minimize social conflict and ensure responsible conservation practices.