Articles tagged with State Law
A NYU study found child restraint laws across many states have gaps, leaving passengers vulnerable to vehicle-crash injuries. The laws often lag behind medical guidelines and fail to distinguish between child seats.
Researchers found that sweets were 11.2% less available when both district and state limited sugar content, while regular-fat baked goods were less available with state law limiting fat content. The study concluded that governmental policies can be an effective tool in reducing empty calories in children's diets.
A study by the American Academy of Pediatrics found that states with booster seat laws have a 20% lower rate of death/incapacitating injuries for children ages 4-6, and a 33% lower rate for 7- to 8-year-olds. Booster seats are crucial in preventing accidents, especially among young children.
A new study from Washington University School of Medicine found that state laws limiting teen driving privileges and imposing penalties for driving under the influence reduce risky drinking and driving behaviors. Teens living in states with strictest laws were least likely to drink and drive or ride with a driver who had been drinking.
49 states and the District of Columbia have taken action supporting the Affordable Care Act's implementation, including passing legislation, issuing regulations, or reviewing insurer filings. States have adopted a range of pragmatic approaches to ensure residents receive consumer protections promised under the law.
New research identifies the 'dilemma zone' before a stoplight intersection where drivers are unsure whether to stop or go ahead. The study proposes using advanced technology and fuzzy logic to improve yellow-light timing and reduce driver confusion.
A U-M study reveals that many parents fail to enforce booster seat use when carpooling, despite most reporting requiring it in family car rides. Experts stress the importance of using booster seats for every child not fitting properly in an adult seat belt on every trip.
A University of Maryland study finds that smart growth tools in Maryland are too weak, frustrating developers and land-use advocates who want to build within existing urban areas. The researchers identified storm water regulations, citizen opposition, and inadequate public facility ordinances as major barriers to development.
The federal and state laws governing the tip credit, tip pooling, and service charges are complex, with varying requirements for employers. Employers must carefully review their policies to ensure compliance and avoid costly class action lawsuits.
A new Temple University study analyzes distracted driving laws passed between 1992 and 2010, revealing significant variation in laws across states. The research highlights the need for systematic evaluation of distracted driving laws to inform effective policy-making.
A recent study by the Crime Victims' Institute examines state laws addressing adolescent sexual activity and suggests decriminalizing consensual relationships between close-in-age teens. The report also proposes using education classes instead of punishment, with options for parents to control their child's behavior through restraining...
Research from North Carolina State University reveals that international laws can create uncertainty and confusion in addressing piracy, leading to inconsistent responses from countries. The existing framework of international laws leaves room for pirates to exploit loopholes and escape justice.
The American Diabetes Association supports the national restaurant menu labeling legislation to provide healthier options for consumers. Registered dietitians and dietetic technicians will play a crucial role in helping clients make informed choices.
A new study by Ohio State University researchers found that local ordinances in Appalachian states with weak statewide smoking regulations do not provide adequate protection against second-hand smoke. Stronger statewide clean indoor air laws are recommended to effectively regulate smoking in public places.
A new mathematical model developed by Indiana University and Arizona State University geographers can help policymakers focus on spatial management of sex offenders, rather than punitive measures. The model allows communities to quantify risk and special concerns, enabling informed decision-making about sex offender policies.
A nationwide study found that many indoor tanning facilities allow young people to tan more than the recommended amount, with some states having strict laws in place. The study, published in Archives of Dermatology, suggests that stronger regulations are needed to reduce the risk of skin cancer among youth.
Researchers found that zero tolerance laws had no effect on the number of nighttime accidents involving drivers under 21. Instead, other factors such as heavy drinking and mild drinking were consistent across all accident types.
A comprehensive regulation of gun sellers appears to reduce the trafficking of guns to criminals, with states having strong regulations and oversight experiencing far less gun trafficking. The study found that cities with laws regulating private sales and strong dealer oversight had significantly lower levels of in-state gun trafficking.
State laws prohibiting underage drinking save 732 lives annually in the US, while 'use and lose' laws could add an additional 165 lives. The study found a direct relationship between beer consumption per capita and youth crash rates, with higher consumption leading to higher youth crashes.
A new study reveals that the majority of US states have laws consistent with or neutral toward the CDC's revised HIV testing guidelines. Despite concerns about opt-out screening, the study finds protections for patient autonomy are not required by state laws in many cases.
A study by Meharry Medical College found that teen passengers are less likely to buckle up, with only 42% always wearing a seatbelt. The researchers recommend upgrading state laws to require all teens to wear seatbelts, and developing community-based interventions to address the issue.
A new study examines the impact of smoke-free laws on restaurant labor markets and finds a decline in turnover rates after implementation. The study supports existing evidence that smoke-free laws are positive for businesses, with no consistent pattern of increase or decrease over time.
A recent University of Missouri study found that states with repealed universal helmet laws experienced a 12.2% increase in motorcyclist fatalities, while states with universal laws had a 11.1% lower fatality rate.
A new study reveals that over 30 US states require specific consent for HIV testing, potentially limiting the implementation of CDC's 2006 recommendations. Researchers found that nearly half of these states also require pre-test counseling and disclosure of transmission information to patients.
A Florida State University study found that parental notification laws and consent requirements significantly reduced risky sexual behavior among teens, with a 20% decrease in gonorrhea rates among Hispanic girls. However, the results were not statistically significant for black girls.
A UI study examining hazing on college campuses found that 6.7% of surveyed Cornell students participated in hazing, while nearly twice as many reported being hazed. The study suggests a gap between students' and universities' definitions of hazing, highlighting the need for education and prevention efforts.
State policies on cigarette taxes, tobacco vending machine restrictions and family planning clinics significantly reduced teen smoking and drinking rates. The study found that higher taxes and stricter vending laws lowered teen smoking by 1.9% and underage drinking by 1.9%. Family planning clinics also led to a 1.3% reduction in unsafe...
A study reveals how indigenous communities maintain their own laws, blending national and indigenous principles to survive. The hybrid form of law is found to increase the chances of indigenous customs surviving.
The study found that states with mandatory reporting and tracking of domestic elder abuse reports have higher investigation rates than those without. States that track reports had more investigations and nearly three times as many substantiated cases as those that don't.
A recent report by the National Research Council found that efforts to restore wetlands have made some headway, with a decline in annual wetland loss rates over the past 15 years. However, poor implementation of mitigation projects and lack of long-term monitoring continue to hinder progress.
A Wake Forest University School of Medicine professor is evaluating the impact of managed care patient protection laws on patient attitudes, behaviors, and access to care. The study will assess six states reflecting a range of legal and market conditions through extensive interviews and quantitative research techniques.
A new study reveals that over 100 countries have laws that can imprison journalists for 'insulting' government officials and institutions. The World Press Freedom Committee sponsored the research, led by Dr. Ruth Walden, which found that such laws undermine democracies and stifle free speech.
A Canadian study found that bicycle helmet laws enacted in 1996 led to a significant increase in helmet use among cyclists, with overall wearing rates rising from 46% to 70%. Helmet use improved across all age groups and regions, but remained lower in non-metropolitan areas.
According to a study, 22.8% of middle school students in North Carolina have smoked within the past 30 days and 39% purchased their cigarettes from a store. Adolescents who were asked for proof of age and denied purchasing cigarettes smoked fewer cigarettes.
Physicists at Johns Hopkins University have identified the molecular origins of static friction, resolving a long-standing issue in understanding Amontons' classic laws. The 'gunk in the middle' - hydrocarbon molecules between surfaces - provides an explanation for the linear relationship between force and load.
A three-year study found that state and federal laws have helped older or sicker individuals obtain health coverage if they can afford it. However, the study revealed mixed results regarding the impact of these laws on health insurance affordability and enrollment in small employer and individual markets.
A study of Rhode Island's needle exchange program found that sharers reuse needles an average of 24 times, contributing to high HIV infection rates; providing clean needles is seen as the single most effective way to prevent its spread.
A new UNC-CH study reveals North Carolina's Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) consumer protection is lacking, with the state receiving only 'C-minuses' for its report card. The study highlights the need for enhanced accessibility, understandable written materials, and improved due process requirements.