Articles tagged with War
A recent study published in Environmental Research Letters finds that climate change greatly increases the risk of flood-related displacement, with a 50% increase for each degree of global warming. Even if population growth is stabilized, the risk will still rise significantly, with projected increases of up to 110% by the end of this ...
A new study published in Scientific Reports suggests that inhalation of depleted uranium from exploding munitions did not lead to Gulf War illness. Researchers used high-precision mass spectrometry to analyze veterans' urine samples and found no differences in uranium isotopic ratios between those with GWI and control veterans.
A new study by Binghamton University researchers shows that domestic politics play a significant role in international conflicts. The 'turnover trap' occurs when a new leader takes office, and foreign rivals test their resolve, increasing the risk of war.
The discovery of 66 new Roman Army sites has provided more insights into the Roman Empire's military presence in the Iberian Peninsula. The analysis of these camps reveals a larger Roman army presence than previously thought during the 200-year battle to conquer the region.
Climate security discussion is scarce in Japan, with overlooked risks including indirect economic losses and potential refugee influxes. The country's approach to addressing climate change should consider long-term irreversible planetary changes and short-term abrupt risks to individuals.
Climate scientists analyzed an ice core to reconstruct WWI environmental conditions, finding unusual ocean air influxes caused torrential rains and cold temperatures. This may have accelerated the spread of the H1N1 influenza virus among humans by water contaminated with bird fecal droppings.
A study of WWII art made by prisoners of war in Australian and New Zealand internment camps uncovers surprising quality and artistic confidence among the works. The artworks, created between 1942 and 1945, depict alluring female figures and cultural symbols, providing insight into the lives of ethnic and part-Japanese detainees.
A Georgetown University Medical Center study reveals that veterans with Gulf War illness (GWI) and patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) exhibit distinct brain activity patterns after moderate exercise. The finding could lead to improved treatment for veterans with GWI by diagnosing CFS as a separate disorder.
A recent study found that individuals with Republican leanings tend to support the use of nuclear and conventional weapons against enemy civilians and combatants. This partisan divide in views on violence is linked to underlying attitudes towards immigrants, gun rights, and abortion, according to researchers.
The COVID-19 pandemic is compared to the play 'Waiting for Godot' due to its unpredictable nature and lack of effective testing. The article highlights the limitations of using lab tests to define cases and the continued use of flawed statistics, which fuels public fear and informs ineffective policies.
Despite overall improvements in combat casualty outcomes since World War II, research reveals significant spikes in mortality during specific conflicts, including Vietnam and Iraq. Understanding these patterns is crucial for identifying areas for improvement and enhancing military readiness.
A study of 500 Jewish-Israelis and 500 Palestinians reveals differing lay theories about peace, influencing conflict resolution. Peace is associated with war termination for both groups, but with different underlying values.
A new study suggests that disease outbreaks, civil unrest, and war can lead to large-scale movements of people. The researchers used theoretical modeling to show how small changes in individual decision-making can trigger significant population resettlement.
The AFTERMATH database explores the aftermath of the Imjin War, which lasted six years and involved over 500,000 combatants, affecting East Asia's modern history and culture.
Researchers discovered 188 engravings in a remote South Australian rockshelter that reveal traumatic period of European invasion and ongoing impacts of colonial settlement. A swastika symbol was found, etched in 1932, marking the first acts of trespass and desecration by police parties.
A new study reveals evidence of human prehistory beneath the seas in places that were dry during the Last Glacial Maximum. The researchers found many unknown, transitory islands that would have acted like stepping stones luring travelers eastward across the Bering Strait.
A new study in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine reveals that veterans often become homeless years after leaving the military, with a significant 'sleeper effect' delayed onset. Chronic medical and psychiatric conditions take time to develop, increasing the risk of homelessness over subsequent years.
A new study published in The Lancet Global Health found that standard treatment is more effective than costly negative-pressure wound therapy for civilians injured in conflicts. Researchers conducted the first randomized trial of patients in conflict zones and hope to inspire new research projects.
Biomedical engineers at Duke University found that historical helmets can provide similar protection from blast-induced brain trauma as modern ones. The French Adrian helmet demonstrated superior performance in protecting the brain from overhead blasts, with its crest feature potentially playing a key role.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital discovered extensive brain inflammation in veterans with Gulf War Illness, particularly in cortical regions involved in memory and reasoning. This finding may help identify new therapeutic targets for conditions linked to neuroinflammation.
A study published in Military Medicine found that nearly all veterans with Gulf War illness (GWI) reported experiencing moderate to severe fatigue, sleep, and pain symptoms. The survey, which included 485 veterans, also revealed a high prevalence of cognitive dysfunction and anxiety.
A Dartmouth-led study found that cash transfers and vocational training in Afghanistan had no lasting effect on reducing support for the Taliban. In fact, a one-time cash infusion increased combatant support, while job training and cash separately had adverse effects.
Researchers from University of York develop new model to calculate impact of changes to Luftwaffe tactics on the battle's outcome. The study suggests that altering the timing and targeting of airfields could have shifted the battle significantly in Germany's favor.
Research from Ohio State University reveals differences in how men and women interact around thermostat settings, with women more likely to report conflicts. The study found that thermostat adjustments tend to occur after agreements and compromises, but conflicts are associated with fewer temperature changes.
A new history of Japan's intelligence efforts, right up to the present, highlights the country's recent revival of its intelligence operations. The book attributes this shift to a combination of strategic environment changes, technological innovations, and intelligence failures.
Archaeologists re-examine the remains of a medieval male found at Prague Castle, who was identified as Viking by Nazis and Slavonic warrior by Soviets. The team analyzes the sword and grave goods to determine his identity, which may have fueled modern political conflicts.
A study by Washington University researchers found that people ascribe an inflated weight to their country's contribution to WWII. Russians view the war differently, listing D-Day as a 'relief' for Soviet forces rather than a pivotal moment.
A University of Queensland-led study identified factors fuelling Colombian deforestation, including conflict between illegal groups and government forces, as well as proximity to coca plantations and mining concessions. The research highlights the importance of stable governance in retaining forests and reducing deforestation risk.
A new study from Oregon State University found that military veterans exposed to combat were more likely to exhibit signs of depression and anxiety in later life. The study suggests that combat experience has a unique impact on mental health trajectories in late life, independent of other health issues or stressful life events.
The G20 leaders should focus on increasing funding for low- and middle-income nations to address the impacts of climate change, wars, and nationalism. The authors argue that increased domestic funding is needed to achieve the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and promote universal health coverage.
Research finds that global conflicts lead to high mental health disorders, affecting one in five people with severe anxiety and depression rates being five times higher than the rest of the world. The study highlights the impact of trauma, instability, poverty, and lack of access to healthcare on mental well-being.
New estimates from the World Health Organization reveal that one in five people living in conflict-affected areas has a mental health condition, including depression and anxiety. The prevalence of severe mental health conditions is 5%, with moderate conditions affecting 13% of the population.
A systematic review of armed conflict's impact on heart disease risk among civilians found increased risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and high blood pressure. The review suggests prioritizing primary healthcare during and after conflicts to prevent heart disease.
Acoustic researcher Dan Costley presents on WWI's sound ranging method, which pinpointed enemy gun locations to within 10 meters. The technique used innovative solutions like the Tucker microphone and 'harp' galvanometer, credited to Bragg's scientific leadership.
A recent study analyzing eight premodern states reveals that queen rulers and main wives exercised significant political power, including determining succession, governing policies, and influencing alliances. These women often wielded comparable power to their male counterparts, with agency extending beyond warfare.
A new book argues that the Australian government has reshaped Anzac history at memorial sites in France to serve political and commercial agendas. The glorification of Anzac is showcased by expensive museums and memorials that prioritize Australian nationalism over joint efforts with other nations.
A study analyzing nearly 57,000 US military casualties found that the use of tourniquets, blood transfusions, and faster prehospital transport significantly reduced mortality. These interventions accounted for a large part of the increase in survival rates among critically injured soldiers.
A new UTSA study documents the war's casualty statistics, mortality trends, and treatment advances. Key findings include increased injury patterns and severity, as well as a significant reduction in mortality rates thanks to interventions such as tourniquets and rapid hospital transport times.
Dr. Ami Pflugrad-Jackisch will use the NEH fellowship to complete her book 'The World of Westover: Mary Willing Byrd, Gender, Slavery, and the Economics of Citizenship in Revolutionary Virginia.' The study examines how Byrd's interactions with the state, military, and market were out of the ordinary for a woman during that time.
A study by researchers at the University of Colorado Denver found that fear of violence causes people to take fewer risks, which may hinder their lives and economy. The study used longitudinal survey data from Mexico's war on drugs to establish a causal link between fear and risk-taking attitudes.
The researchers aim to document and analyze the significance of female military combat participation and its impact on their lives. Undergraduate and graduate students will conduct interviews with 50 women, gathering firsthand accounts about their experiences during wartime.
Rates of deforestation in war zones increase dramatically once peace is declared, according to a University of Waterloo study. Forests and jungles provide ecosystem services like carbon sequestration and food provision, which are hindered by deforestation after conflict ends.
A Rutgers University study found a 600% increase in forest fires in protected areas and a 52% increase in deforestation probability following guerrilla demobilization. The researchers recommend real-time monitoring and payment programs to protect forests.
Half of ambulances targeted in Syrian conflict sustained serious damage, with 49% severely damaged or withdrawn from service. Cluster bombs and barrel bombs were frequently used by Syrian government and Russian forces.
Physicians Amir Mohareb and Louise Ivers condemn the Saudi-led coalition's attacks on healthcare facilities and services in Yemen, exacerbating outbreaks of infectious diseases and starvation. The authors stress the need for international humanitarian agencies to investigate attacks on medical personnel and facilities.
Researchers at Rutgers University developed a device that improved balance in 100% of veterans with Gulf War Illness by stimulating the vestibular system. The findings suggest correcting the vestibular system may treat other conditions associated with the illness.
Newly developed systems will gather information from a wealth of sources, including radar, drones, and social media, to create an information advantage for the modern military. The £4 million project aims to give military personnel access to the most useful information with minimal overheads.
A QUT research study reveals that female journalists report more emotional investment and management strategies compared to their male counterparts. Visual journalists often suppress or enhance their emotional displays while dealing with editorial decisions, and only a few participants have access to formal support.
Researchers developed a new predictive model for multilateral war, finding that without a dominant player, the likely outcome is mutual annihilation. The Lanchester multiduel model considers three or more players and their objective to maximize surviving numbers.
A NOAA-funded team of scientists from Scripps Institution of Oceanography and the University of Delaware discovered the missing 75-foot stern section of the USS Abner Read in 290 feet of water off Kiska Island. The finding sheds light on the little-known episode in WWII history where 71 US Navy sailors lost their lives.
A new study finds that democratic leaders tend to be more aggressive in international conflicts due to public pressure and audience costs. However, exceptions exist, such as democracies with strong protections for a free press or those facing an existential threat from another nation.
A new study provides detailed 3D models of the USS Emmons, a US Navy destroyer that sank in 1945. The mapping technique using multibeam echosounding and photogrammetry will aid in preserving this World War II battle site for future research and education.
Research is lacking on the effectiveness of early childhood development programs in humanitarian settings, which are plagued by war, disaster, and displacement. The article calls for further investigation into the implementation processes that lead to successful outcomes.
Researchers found that veterans tend to disclose wartime information on a strict need-to-know basis, and understanding these privacy rules can help therapists develop new techniques. Counseling strategies can be improved by emphasizing non-judgmental spaces and maintaining trust with clients.
The Sahara-Sahel region is experiencing a dramatic population decline of species such as African elephants and dorcas gazelles due to armed conflicts. The research highlights the need for greater emphasis on environmental factors in peace process initiatives to protect local wildlife.
A new paper by Arman Grigoryan attributes Armenia's stalled democratization to the Nagorno-Karabagh conflict and subsequent political processes. The conflict undermined liberal aspirations and empowered a military establishment, leading to the failure of Armenia's transition.
A new Yale study analyzed 14 million newspaper articles from 1900-2016 to find that each war brought a new term for what are now known as PTSD symptoms. This lack of clear terminology may have slowed clinical and scientific progress on the disorder.
Historian Prof. Dr Gerd Althoff argues that peace agreements have historically been successful when opponents establish genuine trust, rather than relying solely on confidence-building measures. This approach emphasizes forgiveness, mutual visits, and friendly conversation to create a foundation for long-term peace.
Research elucidates the neural basis of complex altruistic behavior, discovering two brain circuits that govern moral decisions in war veterans. The study used CT scans and an altruistic decision task to map brain damage and behavior, finding correlations between specific brain areas and punishment or donation behaviors.
A new study found that severe combat wounds and chronic PTSD can increase the risk of developing high blood pressure. The research reviewed records of over 3,800 US service members who received intensive care for combat injuries sustained during the Iraq and Afghanistan wars.