Articles tagged with Human Behavior
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A study by academics at the University of East Anglia suggests that insights from behavioral science can help design road signs to encourage drivers to switch off their engines while waiting at railway crossings. Researchers found that simple visual and written cues doubled the rate of people turning off their engines, with a more effe...
Duke University researchers identified the caudate nucleus as the brain structure responsible for forming direct links between environmental stimuli and enhanced focus. By repeating exposure to specific faces, participants could trigger automatic focus and bypass distractions.
A study by Salk Institute scientists reveals that adolescent roundworms exhibit erratic behavior when seeking food, unlike adult worms which show efficient behavior. This discovery provides insight into the drivers of neurological development and may shed light on human brain function and diseases.
Researchers found that hummingbird brains are uniquely attuned to detect fast visual motion in any direction. This discovery sheds light on the birds' remarkable ability to zoom and stop quickly while sipping nectar. The findings have implications for understanding flight behaviors, competitive interactions, and courtship displays.
The journal Translational Behavioral Medicine now publishes research with null results, providing a unique opportunity for scientific researchers. This shift in publication policy sets it apart from other behavioral medicine titles and supports the advancement of science by learning from unexpected outcomes.
A study by UMass Amherst researchers found that bisphenol S (BPS) exposure during pregnancy and lactation impaired maternal behavior in mice, including increased infanticide rates. The compound also affected brain regions sensitive to estrogen, leading to changes in nesting behavior and care of offspring.
Research by Maria Gartstein and Sam Putnam found that toddler temperament differs significantly across cultures, with Chilean infants being the most active and Polish babies displaying sadness. The study suggests that parents' cultural values influence their children's behavior and overall temperament.
A Yale-NUS professor has discovered an 'alarm response' in medaka fish to a semiochemical released due to physical injuries, providing insights into the brain's processing of danger. This finding will facilitate comparative neural circuit analysis between medaka and zebrafish, shedding light on fear mechanisms.
A new study by Johns Hopkins University researchers found that subsidized housing significantly influences young people's standardized test scores and behavior. High-achieving children who lived in subsidized housing scored 8% higher on tests than similar peers, while low-performing students saw their scores drop. The study suggests th...
Researchers found that disrupting the brain's internal clock causes depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in mice. The study provides new evidence on the relationship between circadian rhythms and mood regulation, suggesting a causal link between functioning internal clocks and mood disorders.
A new study found that rats with low blood alcohol levels do not consume more calories, contradicting previous assumptions. However, rats with high blood alcohol levels consume fewer calories and lose weight, suggesting a different relationship between feeding behavior and intoxication.
A new study found that parental confidence in helping children get enough sleep is positively associated with child sleep duration. Additionally, higher parent sleep duration was also linked to increased child sleep duration, suggesting that addressing insufficient sleep among children may require family-based interventions.
Scientists have found that protein and salt in food can drive post-meal sleepiness in fruit flies, leading to longer naps. The study used a system to measure feeding and sleeping behaviors of individual flies, revealing that larger meals result in longer sleep periods.
Researchers discovered that flies slept more after consuming larger meals, with protein and salt promoting sleep. The study suggests that 'food coma' might be a natural adaptation to maximize gut absorption of essential nutrients.
Researchers found that common probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum decreases stress-related behavior and anxiety in zebrafish, leading to increased signaling of neurotransmitters. Probiotics may have a positive impact on human stress levels, as their effects on the central nervous system are being studied.
Parents of children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) who attribute misbehavior to disabilities tend to use effective pre-emptive strategies, reducing unwanted behaviors. These strategies, such as adapting the environment and using one-step instructions, can improve outcomes for families.
Teachers contact parents less often from different racial/ethnic backgrounds, perpetuating existing stereotypes. Math teachers reach parents of Black students over disruptive behavior more frequently than those of White students.
A team of Italian scientists has created a hybrid device that links biological and electronic systems, leveraging pectin to replicate memristive behavior. The device features a double-layered polyelectrolyte structure that enables it to learn and perform logic/classification functions.
A study published in PLOS Biology found that Pavlovian approach can bias human information sampling, leading to irrational decisions. The researchers analyzed data from over 30,000 participants and identified three biases related to reward-driven behaviors, which were more pronounced with higher education levels and age.
A new study reveals that male chimpanzees prioritize their offspring over building relationships with females, contradicting the long-held assumption that they are solely focused on mating. The researchers found that males spend time with non-mating female chimpanzees caring for their offspring and exhibit paternal behavior towards them.
A team of neuroscientists studied fruit flies' behavior when deprived of specific nutrients, discovering that their brain mechanisms influence food choices and exploration patterns. The findings suggest individual variability in metabolism and feeding behavior may be linked to physiological and neural characteristics.
Researchers at West Virginia University have directly measured the 3D patterns of flowing plasma striking fusion and space propulsion device walls. The measurements show that plasmas accelerate parallel to the wall before impact, causing rapid erosion of the devices' lifetimes.
The USPSTF recommends providing interventions to support breastfeeding, which can increase duration and rates of breastfeeding. However, nearly half of mothers in the US stop breastfeeding by 6 months, with disparities among younger mothers and disadvantaged communities.
Researchers at the University of Oregon found that mice rely on their vision to catch prey, providing a new model for understanding complex brain-vision interactions. This discovery may also shed light on human conditions such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), where focusing on a single task is challenging.
Researchers create a closed-loop system to test their proposed method, which is a better fit for how humans actually behave compared to traditional models. The new model uses fractional order calculus to describe human operator behavior, providing a unified and formalized description.
A new study found that Mexican-American youth with empathetic and caring behaviors towards others tend to perform better academically later on. Parents can play a significant role by encouraging these traits and maintaining boundaries while remaining engaged in their children's lives.
New ape study demonstrates nonhuman primates can recognize others' beliefs, desires, and intentions, a phenomenon called Theory of Mind (ToM), previously thought to be exclusive to humans. Apes correctly anticipated that humans would search for an object in the wrong location based on their knowledge.
Researchers find that birds with more complex songs perform better in rhythm and interact more skillfully with others. The study suggests that musical ability in birds may be a precursor to human music evolution.
Researchers have trained a robot to imitate natural human actions, allowing for effective coordination during high-stakes events like surgeries. This development holds promise for improving safety and efficiency in medical procedures.
Researchers have discovered a fluid behaving like water when trapped in a nanocage of a porous solid, offering new insights into nanoscale behavior. This breakthrough may lead to the design of machines with specific functions, including medical applications and molecular electronics.
A recent study in the American Journal of Psychiatry suggests that a misinterpretation of brain function has hindered the development of effective treatments for fear and anxiety disorders. The researchers propose a new framework that recognizes the distinction between conscious feelings and behavioral/physiological responses.
A new study by Dr. Hilla Dotan and Prof. Uta Herbst found that women achieve better negotiation outcomes when representing their friends, rather than competing against them. This counterintuitive finding suggests that women's focus on building relationships and cooperation can lead to more successful negotiations.
Researchers have discovered a way for machines to learn about natural or artificial systems by observing them, eliminating the need for prior knowledge. This breakthrough could lead to advances in technology, including predictive human behavior and algorithm development for detecting abnormalities.
A new study led by Lisa Feldman Barrett found that people's beliefs about how farm animals are raised can shape their meat-eating experience. Participants rated factory-farmed meat as less pleasant and consumed less of it than humane-farmed meat, suggesting that beliefs can influence eating behavior.
Researchers found that THC increases laziness in rats, making them less willing to perform challenging tasks, but CBD had no effect. The study's findings highlight the importance of understanding cannabis' impact on cognitive effort and decision-making.
Researchers created novel scaffolds with aligned ceramic nanofibers to control stem cell development and cancer cell behavior. The unique hybrid nano-network selectively guides stem cells towards specific lineages while suppressing inflammatory factors in cancer cells.
Research from Public Health Ontario reveals that parents who actively engage in their children's physical activity, healthy eating and screen time behaviours are more likely to meet Canadian guidelines. The study found that simple encouragement is not enough, with active parental support being essential for promoting healthy living.
A study published in Evolution and Human Behavior found that regular churchgoers are perceived as more generous and hardworking compared to others. The researchers suggest that this is due to the potent signal sent by these individuals, demonstrating their generosity, devotion, and commitment to contributing to their communities.
New research highlights the impact of early experiences on lifelong health, emphasizing the need for protection from toxic stress and supportive interventions for vulnerable children. The study calls for leveraging science to design more effective approaches for mitigating the effects of early adversity.
A new study from the University of Surrey found that visual communication using technology to illustrate skin damage is most effective in changing behaviors. Young women who saw their own faces prematurely aged took twice as many free sunscreen samples and three times more skin cancer leaflets than those who received text-based messages.
A study of over 28,000 people reveals that individuals consistently follow a hedonic flexibility principle, engaging in mood-increasing activities when feeling bad and useful activities when feeling good. This finding clarifies how emotions shape behavior and explains the trade-offs humans make for long-term happiness.
New research from the University of Missouri shows that preschoolers who excel in Spanish letters and numbers experience significant gains in their English skills. Building on Spanish skills appears to maximize their ability to enter school ready to learn.
New research challenges conventional wisdom on backup plans, finding they can cause people to work less hard and achieve primary goals less successfully. Researchers suggest understanding potential costs, but also encourage strategic planning to mitigate these effects.
Researchers identified a neural circuit that inhibits binge-like eating behavior in mice, suggesting a potential treatment for humans. A specific serotonin receptor, 2C, expressed by dopamine neurons, is crucial in suppressing binge eating.
Researchers found students receiving negative attention from teachers experience emotional regulation, concentration problems and increased disruptive behavior. Teachers tend to give more negative attention to African-American students and those receiving free or reduced lunch.
A new study from Northeastern University found that people are more likely to delegate decisions when faced with choices affecting others, rather than themselves. Researchers discovered that individuals tend to avoid delegating unappealing choices on their own behalf, but will do so for someone else to minimize blame.
Transgenic Huntington's disease monkeys exhibit a range of symptoms, including motor problems, neurodegeneration, emotional dysregulation, and immune system changes. The study strengthens the use of HD monkeys as a model for evaluating emerging treatments before human clinical trials.
A Duke University study found a single chemical receptor in the brain responsible for OCD symptoms in mice. The receptor, mGluR5, was found to be overactive in mice with Sapap3 gene deletion, which mimics human OCD. When blocked, symptoms abated immediately.
A new study by Michigan State University neuroscientist Alexander Johnson finds that obese mice are more likely to overeat in response to environmental cues due to altered brain responses. The study suggests a psychological and neurobiological account for why obese individuals may be vulnerable to food triggers.
Researchers have developed a cost-effective method to identify genes associated with complex traits in mice, including 66 different physical and behavioral characteristics. The technique, which uses genotype-by-sequencing and RNA sequencing, has identified two novel genes linked to methamphetamine sensitivity and anxiety-like behavior.
Researchers found that veils and headscarves can actually improve observers' ability to detect truthfulness in witnesses, contrary to common court assumptions. The study's results suggest that the presence of a veil may compel observers to pay attention to more 'diagnostic' cues, leading to higher accuracy rates in lie detection.
Researchers identified two risk factors for childhood binge eating: parental non-involvement or emotional unresponsiveness, and weight-related teasing in the family. Childhood binge eating is not about feeling full, but losing control and experiencing emotional distress.
A Dartmouth team has developed a system that uses LED panels and only 20 light sensors to reconstruct a user's 3D skeleton in real-time. The new StarLight system has practical applications in virtual reality, non-invasive health monitoring, and passive behavioral monitoring.
Scientists have discovered a special neural network in the primate brain that anticipates all possible situations, allowing for novel behavior adaptation. This 'reservoir computing' property enables the brain to create a universal representation of combinations, preparing primates for unlimited situations.
A new USC study reveals that consumers are more likely to resist products that conflict with their habits, but adopting products into existing routines can increase usage. The researchers found that habit slips, or lapses in product use caused by falling back on old habits, can be a common barrier to new product adoption.
Researchers found that location and communication data from mobile phone carriers show predictable patterns in human behavior, enabling predictions of epidemic spread. The study's mathematical equation allows for forecasting of virus spread and identification of cultural trends.
A study by North Carolina State University researchers reveals that zebrafish bred for boldness display sleeker bodies and faster swimming abilities compared to those bred for shyness. The findings suggest a link between personality traits, body shape, and locomotion, challenging the idea of independent animal traits.
A recent study published in Frontiers in Human Neuroscience found that individuals with a strong drive to understand and build systems, known as systemizing, tend to excel at hacking. This skillset is positively correlated with code-breaking performance, suggesting new opportunities for autistic individuals in security professions.
A new study found that early exposure to nicotine can trigger genetic changes affecting brain cell connections, leading to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and other behavioral problems. Maternal smoking has been linked to these conditions, and the study provides a possible explanation for its long-term effects.
Research at Georgia State University found that increasing difficulty in making decisions based on sensory evidence boosts activity in the insular cortex. The study sheds light on how this brain area processes sensory information and drives behaviors.