Articles tagged with Human Behavior
People take precautions when aware of risk and believe effective actions are available; accurate communication is key to prevent mass scares. The journal review highlights the importance of risk perception in health behavior theories.
The American Institute of Biological Sciences (AIBS) recognizes Danielle N. Lee as a Diversity Scholar for her research on individual differences and behavioral syndromes in prairie voles. Lee plans to pursue an academic career emphasizing science outreach and participation of under-served audiences.
Researchers found that giving rats living in isolation the opportunity to build nests led to faster and more complete healing of burn injuries than isolation-reared rats without nest-building materials. This effect was associated with altered gene expression in stress-associated brain structures.
Researchers found that providing rats with nest-building materials significantly improved wound healing and altered gene expression in the brain, leading to faster healing rates and reduced stress effects. The study suggests a novel approach to improving physical health through environmental stimulation.
Researchers at UC Riverside will explore the development of novel olfactory repellents to prevent mosquito-human contact and reduce malaria transmission. The project aims to identify odors that inhibit mosquitoes' ability to detect human hosts, potentially leading to effective and environmentally safe insect repellents.
Researchers found goldfish exhibit reflexive and cognitive pain responses, displaying fear and anxiety after painful stimuli. The study suggests that fish consciously perceive pain and change behavior afterward.
A University of Haifa study found that exposure to stories about successful risk-taking decisions influenced investment advisors' perceptions of a Nasdaq-traded stock. The study suggests that psychological factors, such as priming, can shape financial decision-making. This phenomenon highlights the importance of considering psychology ...
Researchers found that nicotine alters brain areas involved in inhibiting negative emotions like anger, leading to reduced retaliation and increased cravings. The study supports the idea that individuals with an angry disposition are more susceptible to nicotine's effects.
Researchers found that chewing sugar-free gum reduced sweet snack consumption by 60 calories and overall snack intake by 40 calories in participants. The study suggests chewing gum can play a role in appetite control, weight management, and reducing calorie intake.
AVEO scientists have developed a novel human-in-mouse (HIM) cancer model system, which allows for the creation of invasive human tumors that mimic human tumor behaviors and response. The models provide a more realistic genetic context for evaluating new anti-tumor therapies.
Researchers found that jackdaws, a type of bird, are sensitive to human eye orientation and use it to communicate, particularly when seeking food or interacting with potential threats. The birds' ability to interpret human gestures, such as gaze alternation and pointing, suggests a high level of cognitive awareness.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have identified IDO as a molecular switch that induces depressive symptoms in some cases of chronic inflammation. The study found that mice exposed to BCG, a vaccine used to prevent tuberculosis, exhibited depressive-like behaviors that could be reversed with antidepressants.
Recent studies in epigenetics provide new understanding of how environmental factors influence brain function and behavior, potentially explaining the complex nature of mental illness. Epigenetic changes can be long-lived and influenced by life experiences, psychotropic drugs, and psychotherapy.
The study, published in Science, suggests that neurons in the substantia nigra play a central role in reward-based learning. Participants who responded to unexpected financial rewards showed improved performance in probabilistic learning tasks.
A new Université de Montréal study found that thrill-seeking young men are more likely to drive under the influence of cannabis and engage in reckless driving. The study, which analyzed data from 83 male participants, discovered that 30% of cannabis users reported at least one incidence of reckless driving in the previous 12 months.
A study of over 3,000 children found that spending more than two hours a day watching TV doubles the risk of developing asthma by age 11.5. The research, published in Thorax, suggests a complex relationship between physical activity, sedentary behaviour and asthma.
Researchers have identified a newly discovered species of fish, H. psychedelica, characterized by its unusual hopping behavior and distinctive zebra-like stripes. The species is part of the genus Histiophryne and has evolved unique adaptations to its environment.
Researchers found that people attribute meaning to dreams based on their waking beliefs and desires. Pleasant dreams about a person they liked were considered more meaningful than unpleasant ones, while an actual plane crash produced a similar level of anxiety as did a dream of it.
A new study by Rush University Medical Center researchers has discovered a behavioral link between insomnia and tension-type headaches. Eighty-one percent of women with tension-type headaches reported going to sleep as a way to manage their headaches, which was also the most effective self-management strategy for pain.
The Biophysical Society has announced the winners of its Minority Travel Awards, which support minority students attending the 53rd Annual Meeting in Boston. The recipients include Lisette Fred and seven others, who will receive travel awards to attend the meeting.
The Biophysical Society has announced the winners of its student travel award, selected based on scientific merit with priority given to those presenting a paper at the conference. The awardees receive a travel grant and will be recognized at a reception.
Tel Aviv University researchers have developed a program that analyzes animal behavior to understand and treat OCD. By comparing human behavior to animal rituals, the model identifies abnormal patterns and provides a tool for mental health practitioners. This innovative approach may motivate patients to correct their compulsive actions.
Researchers investigate relationship between diabetes treatment and disordered eating behaviors in children with diabetes. They hope to find a different treatment approach that helps patients gain control over their eating behaviors and treatment without adopting maladaptive weight management strategies.
Researchers identified FKBP12, a protein regulating mTOR activity, as key to understanding autism and OCD in mice. The study found enhanced synaptic plasticity and contextual memory but also perseverative and repetitive behaviors, common in individuals with these disorders.
The study of human fossils from Sima de la Palomas reveals the persistence of Neandertals until around 40,000 years ago. This challenges the idea that they were quickly displaced by modern humans, indicating a more complex picture of contact and coexistence between different human populations.
Purdue researchers found that lab mice can relieve stress by controlling their environment through behaviors such as selecting preferred temperatures and building nests. This suggests that allowing lab animals to express natural behaviors may improve research data reliability.
The Panamanian termite has recorded the fastest mandible strike ever, with footage showing a soldier termite's jaws striking an invader at speeds of up to 70 meters per second. This rapid strike is thought to be due to the termites' need to store energy in their mandibles to generate force.
The study examines the meaning of employee engagement, which involves positive feelings about the job and motivation. The authors conclude that employers must create conditions that respect employees' energy and facilitate engagement through fair treatment, creating a feeling of trust and safety.
Researchers found that rats and humans with disrupted attention share similar patterns of behavior in a feature binding task, suggesting acetylcholine is necessary for this process. The study has important clinical implications, potentially leading to improved therapies for disorders like Alzheimer's disease.
A groundbreaking study reveals that the color red makes men feel more amorous toward women, with no effect on female perceptions. The research confirms what many women have long suspected - that men's preferences are driven by primal instincts.
A study by CU-Boulder Assistant Professor Lawrence E. Williams found that holding a hot cup of coffee or cold compress pads primes subjects to perceive others as warmer or colder, respectively. This association affects pro-social behavior and marketing strategies.
Researchers found a substantial inconsistency between healthful snack choice intentions and actual behavior, with 27% switching to unhealthy snacks when presented. However, individuals who plan to make a healthy choice are more likely to do so than those who plan to make an unhealthy choice.
A new study found that mothers who delivered vaginally are more responsive to their baby's cry due to increased brain activity in regions regulating emotions and motivation. This could lead to better understanding and early detection of postpartum depression and attachment problems.
School-based programs have been shown to be effective in reducing prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity through interventions such as physical activity education and nutritional education. The URMEL-ICE program demonstrates a significant reduction in body fat mass among children after one year of participation.
Researchers at UC Davis developed a control system that allows robots to pick up on cues and predict where leaders are going, enabling them to follow accurately around corners. The system uses behavioral cues such as head turns and incorporates them into decision-making processes.
A new study shows that people can create false memories of their past, which can lead to lasting changes in their behavior. Participants who were told they had become ill after eating egg salad as children avoided the food and gave it lower evaluations than those who did not develop false memories.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins University found that two brain areas handle complex rules: the prefrontal cortex controls rule changes and parietal cortex controls number switches. This discovery may lead to enhanced understanding of mental illnesses with impaired rule-changing abilities.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory discovered that laboratory rats' brains signal uncertainty when making decisions, reflecting their level of confidence. The study found that rats preferentially abort uncertain trials, indicating that confidence plays a crucial role in guiding behavior.
The University of Houston's Texas Obesity Research Center (TORC) is recruiting 500 participants for a study promoting healthy dietary habits and physical activity in the virtual world of Second Life. Participants will earn rewards and compete to win the International Health Challenge.
A new study from Tel Aviv University finds that people's response to risk is driven by personal experience and simple strategies for coping in nature, rather than logical rationales or statistics. This behavior may not be well-suited for the modern world, where risks are more complex and unpredictable.
Researchers used data mining to identify subtle differences in movement between rats with ALS mutations and controls, predicting the onset of disease two months early. This novel approach may enable testing of therapies to delay or prevent disease.
A new study provides a mouse model that may lead to the development of new treatments for mood disorders associated with pregnancy. The research found that alterations in GABA neurotransmitter system and GABAA receptor sensitivity during pregnancy and postpartum are linked to depression-like behaviors.
Researchers discovered a mechanism in mouse brains that may explain why human mothers develop depression after childbirth. The study found that a GABA receptor subunit fluctuates during pregnancy and postpartum, impairing the brain's ability to adapt to hormone fluctuations.
A team of Oregon researchers discovered a computational mechanism in roundworms that enables them to find food and avoid poisons. The study used imaging and molecular tools to identify two chemosensory neurons that act like on/off switches, regulating behavior.
Researchers at the Burnham Institute for Medical Research have found a direct link between neural stem cell development and Autism. Mice lacking the myocyte enhancer factor 2C (MEF2C) protein showed smaller brains, fewer nerve cells, and behaviors similar to those seen in humans with Rett Syndrome.
The NHS needs to revise its vision and focus on equity, availability, accessibility, and quality based on UN principles. A Technical Advisory Group, General Health Council, and annual assessment are proposed to strengthen the NHS.
Researchers found that humans prefer novel stimuli over familiar ones and associate novelty with activation of the ventral striatum, a region linked to reward anticipation. This suggests humans use novelty as a substitute for true choice uncertainty.
Research finds that people sometimes prioritize the greater good over their own interests, and poorly designed institutions can undermine this behavior. Examples include a study on day care center fines and blood donation rates., Experts argue that recognizing human altruism is crucial for designing effective policies and institutions.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that children can learn flexible behavior and make correct choices without realizing why, challenging traditional theories. The study used a computer game to test children's ability to choose objects based on shape or color in different contexts.
A new study reveals that fruitflies have four large heat-responsive neurons in their brain, which help them detect and avoid temperatures just above their preferred level. This discovery sheds light on the mechanisms of neural circuits that drive animals to select a preferred temperature.
A study of 1,956 pre-schoolers found that tooth grinding during sleep was associated with worse pre-school adjustment, including social withdrawal and behavioral issues. Parents' reports of tooth grinding may be a sensitive indicator of bruxism in young children.
A study of 97 couples found that fathers are more involved in infant care when their wives provide active encouragement, regardless of their own beliefs or the quality of parenting. Encouragement from mothers can either foster or limit fatherly participation, with mothers acting as 'gatekeepers' to their involvement.
Researchers have created a genetically altered monkey model that replicates symptoms of Huntington's disease, allowing for a deeper understanding of the disease mechanisms. This breakthrough could lead to major advances in developing new treatments for neurological diseases.
Studies with non-human primates have significantly contributed to understanding the human brain, particularly in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The unique similarities between human and monkey brains enable researchers to study complex behaviors and develop new treatments.
A study published in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior found that a nutrition education program resulted in a benefit-to-cost ratio of $9.59 per $1, indicating significant cost-effectiveness. The program improved quality-of-life outcomes worth over $49 million, suggesting a substantial investment in public health.
A sweeping analysis of 77 studies involving over 15,000 subjects found that media exposure to ultra-thin models significantly increased women's concerns about their bodies. The study suggests that the impact is growing stronger over time, contributing to health issues like low self-esteem and obesity.
Recent studies at George Mason University found pregnant women face judgment and obstacles when applying for jobs, particularly in traditionally masculine fields. They experience overt hostility and patronizing behavior, hindering their success.
Young songbirds babble before learning to sing, using two separate brain pathways for learning and production. Disabling these pathways reveals surprising similarities with human learning behaviors.
A recent study from University College London suggests that investors' emotional states play a significant role in the stock market's behavior. The researchers argue that 'emotional inflation' - the unchecked enthusiasm and wishful thinking that can lead to excessive risk-taking - is a major contributor to market crashes.
A new study published in PLOS ONE reveals that mice and humans exhibit similar behavioral patterns, with no differences in statistics between resting periods and activity durations. This discovery has implications for the development of new treatments for depression and challenges current models of human-specific disorders.