Articles tagged with Human Social Behavior
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new model investigates how human behavioral changes evolve in response to extreme climate events and affect global temperature change. Long-term, less easily reversed behavioral changes have the most significant impact in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and reducing climate change.
A social dilemma experiment found that punishment is ineffective in promoting cooperation among players, with players instead replacing defection with punishment. The study suggests that punishment has a demoralizing effect and reduces the incentive to choose cooperation over competition.
Researchers at USC found that automated Twitter accounts promoting the idea that e-cigarettes help people stop smoking are more likely to be hazardous to users' health. These 'social bots' were two times more likely than humans to promote both new products and the idea that e-cigarettes empower people to quit smoking.
Research on rhesus macaques suggests that some individuals are more likely to remain socially isolated due to a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental influences. This phenomenon is linked to reduced life expectancy in various species, including humans, who are experiencing an increasing epidemic of social isolation.
A study by Georgia State University found that black parents reported significantly fewer concerns related to autism symptoms than white parents. This disparity may affect healthcare providers' abilities to identify children who need further screening or evaluation, potentially leading to missed or delayed diagnoses in black children.
Researchers found that new immigrants initially provide little information to help the group but become fully integrated and valued members within five months. They suggest that an integration period is necessary before the benefits of an increased group size can be realized.
Researchers have developed a method to detect hydrohalite, a substance that forms on treated icy roads and cannot be removed by conventional salting. Using Raman instruments fitted with lasers, trucks can identify the presence of hydrohalite and switch to alternative de-icers, making roads safer for users.
Human Arenas will publish a mix of theoretical and empirical studies on higher psychological functions in human phenomena, focusing on analysis and critical discussion of crucial data. The journal encourages exploration of ideas and productive thinking through novel forms of scientific enquiry and writing.
Liberals are more likely to notice and penalize inconsistencies in conservative Democrat candidates, a study suggests. Conservatives tend to show a stronger positive response when Democrats hold conservative positions, but are less likely to scrutinize inconsistencies.
A neighborhood's quality has a significant impact on the number of problem behaviors displayed by children during elementary and teenage years. The study found that children living in poor-quality neighborhoods had significantly more serious behavior problems compared to those in excellent neighborhoods.
Researchers examine how civilians respond during disasters, highlighting the emergence of 'swarming' collective action. They aim to re-think traditional concepts like preparedness and response to marginalize vulnerable populations.
Women who experienced painful father-child relationships perceive greater mating intent in men and exhibit increased sexual arousal when viewing male faces. This study highlights the potential for early childhood experiences to shape adult mating behavior and increase the likelihood of engaging in unrestricted or risky sexual activity.
A USAID-funded campaign in Tanzania linked to increased prenatal visits, birth planning, and improved maternal health outcomes. The study found that women exposed to the campaign were more likely to create birth plans, attend prenatal appointments, and give birth at a health facility.
A study published in Springer's journal Sex Roles confirms that women consistently perform more housework than men, despite variations in life stages and circumstances. The research highlights the importance of time, money, and gender in shaping domestic labour, with women often bearing the brunt of household tasks.
A Dartmouth-led study found a link between brain structure and teenagers' capacity for considering others' intentions. As adolescents mature, their cognitive strategies shift towards considering the other player's intentions in fairness concerns, coinciding with cortical thinning in key brain regions.
Participants showed higher levels of cooperation for provision of new public goods, with a majority exhibiting conditional cooperation. In contrast, those who never participated in maintenance or provision faced dilemmas about public goods, leading to lower willingness to cooperate.
Researchers propose that environmental factors play a significant role in shaping gender-specific traits, rather than solely genetic inheritance. This idea challenges the long-held assumption that biological sex directly influences behavior.
New research at Oregon State University found that bacteria prioritize their own fitness when nutrients are limited, but not when iron, phosphorus, and sulfur are abundant. This study provides insights into the evolution of cooperation in microbes and has implications for understanding natural populations.
Researchers used CRISPR to manipulate ant eggs, resulting in germline changes that affect every cell in the adult colony. The study found that knocking out the orco gene affected olfaction, social behavior, and brain anatomy, providing insights into gene regulation and its impact on complex biological systems.
A study of age and crime statistics from Taiwan suggests that cultural factors, such as collectivist societies and parental supervision, may influence the age-crime relationship. The findings challenge the long-held assumption that biology drives teen criminal behavior, instead highlighting the importance of cultural influences.
Researchers found that bonobos do not copy actions as children do, highlighting the unique nature of human imitation. The study suggests that over-imitation in young children may be a critical factor in explaining why human cultures differ from those of great apes.
A new study reveals humans are hardwired to lean to the right when kissing, with men more likely to initiate and women receiving a mirrored response to avoid discomfort. The researchers propose that this bias may be linked to differences in hormone levels and neurotransmitters between brain hemispheres.
A new series of studies reveals that self-actualization is linked to pursuing status and esteem, which can translate into 'fitness' and passing genes to future generations. This challenges traditional assumptions about self-actualization being 'above' basic physiological and social desires.
A study published in PNAS found that halictid bees have more sensory machinery on their antennae compared to solitary species, suggesting a link between social behavior evolution and communication. The research suggests that sensilla density may be an important precursor to the evolution of social behavior.
A new study published in Biological Psychiatry found that oxytocin administration reduced drug-seeking behavior and relapse in methamphetamine-addicted rats. Oxytocin was shown to decrease motivation to acquire the drug and reduce relapse, with the effects strongest in animals with high motivation.
The Tsimane Health and Life History Project found that many individuals reach a social and economic peak between the ages of 40 and 60. They adapt by devoting less time to hunting and more to horticulture, producing the majority of calories for their extended families.
A new study from ANU found that sagittal crest size in male gorillas and orangutans is linked to their social behavior. Females prefer larger crests, indicating a possible form of social signalling related to sexual selection.
A decline in homophobia is enabling young men to embrace non-sexual bromances, which allow for deep emotional disclosure and intimacy. The study found that these relationships offer a way forward for those dealing with depressive symptoms or social anxieties.
Researchers created a set of axioms for robust cooperative strategies, reducing computational hurdles. Players with these strategies and memories of length k cooperate if all players took the same actions for the last k rounds, giving rise to all-or-none strategies.
Research found that birdsong duration and frequencies are adjusted in response to traffic noise, with songs returning to natural state after road closures. Temporary road closures can help mitigate this effect, providing birds with an opportunity to sing optimally.
Researchers explore effects of human-provided foods on large predators, finding changes in social structures, movements, and behavior. Human-fed populations often form distinct genetic subgroups, potentially leading to future speciation events.
A new study by researchers Minah Jung and Leif Nelson finds that when firms share social responsibility with customers, consumers are more sensitive to whether a portion of their payment goes to charity than how much. This has critical implications for the design of shared social responsibility programs.
A new study on zebrafish shows that social support can help individuals overcome adverse circumstances and triggers specific brain patterns similar to those in humans. The research suggests that zebrafish could be an ideal model organism for studying social support and its neural mechanisms.
A new study suggests that generic sexual health messages are insufficient for young female tourists, as their motivations and perceptions of risk vary greatly. The research identified five clusters of sexual risk-takers, each with unique characteristics and needs, highlighting the need for targeted and tailored health messages.
Research suggests that older mothers have a positive impact on their children's upbringing, with fewer behavioral and emotional problems at ages 7 and 11. However, this advantage declines before age 15.
A Rutgers study finds that an estimated one in six US children have development disorders, but only 1,000 developmental pediatricians exist nationwide. The study also reveals a lack of programs offering accommodations for non-English speaking families, resulting in extended wait times and delayed diagnostic evaluations.
A new study finds that active religious participation correlates with stronger social support networks in communities. Regular religious activity is viewed as trustworthy and generous, leading to more sought-after support from others.
A new study found that fathers' brain activity increases when viewing photos of their toddlers, suggesting a link between the hormone oxytocin and paternal nurturing. The research also suggests that oxytocin may be used to normalize deficits in paternal motivation, such as in men suffering from post-partum depression.
A new study by Arizona State University reveals that population density is associated with people adopting a
Research reveals that children begin using olfactory information to help evaluate emotionally-expressive faces at around five years of age. The findings advance understanding of how children integrate different types of sensory information to direct their social behavior.
The author's approach to decision processes uses game theory and spatial geometry to create a unified deterministic extension. This foundation allows for the extrapolation of local behaviors to entire social structures, with significant consequences for understanding stable social structures.
A new special section investigates how human motivations drive children's prosocial behavior, including empathy, sharing, and helping. The study reveals that children's cardiac patterns can predict their empathetic responses to others.
Repeatedly thinking about work-family conflict is associated with negative outcomes in six health categories, including life satisfaction and fatigue. Mindfulness can help reduce repetitive thought and related issues like worry and rumination, improving overall well-being.
Researchers at Rockefeller University used Caenorhabditis elegans worms to study the impact of genetic variations on social behavior. They found that certain genetic variants affect sensitivity to pheromones, leading to changes in foraging strategies, and suggest a link between population density and behavioral adaptations.
A study by Michigan State University found that many children enter kindergarten unprepared for self-regulation, a critical skill for academic success. Around 20% of preschoolers showed little improvement in self-control, leaving them behind their peers.
Researchers at NYU Tandon School of Engineering discovered zebrafish are more attracted to 3D-moving robotic models of themselves than other stimuli. The team used a controllable robotic platform to study freshwater fish behavior, exploring mechanisms behind human disorders like anxiety and schizophrenia.
Researchers found that preschoolers monitor their private speech for errors and correct them, even without a listener. Adults can encourage this behavior in children by talking aloud while working on tasks.
A study published by Oregon State University found that preschoolers' fine and gross motor skills are indicative of later performance on two key measures of kindergarten readiness. Children with strong motor skills showed better executive function skills and social behavior.
Researchers at Universidad Carlos III de Madrid identified four basic personality types based on social dilemma responses from 541 volunteers. The study found that the Envious type is the most common, accounting for 30%, while Optimists and Pessimists make up 20% each.
A study published in Frontiers in Psychology found that infants as young as 5 months old give more attention to objects presented by their native speaker. This preference for native language is thought to aid infants' quick acquisition of societal knowledge and cultural adaptation.
Researchers found that men prefer masculine men as allies in a physical fight but feminine-looking women in emotional support, while women's preferences are the opposite. This suggests an evolutionary basis for these differences, with alliances benefiting ancestral males and improving their social rank.
In emergency situations, people tend to behave either egotistically or prosocially, with some individuals being more cooperative than others. A study published in Nature Scientific Reports found that most participants helped others less in emergency situations due to time pressure, while prosocial individuals were more willing to help.
A new study published in Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience suggests that many dogs prefer praise from their owners over food. The study, led by Gregory Berns at Emory University, used brain-imaging data and behavioral experiments to investigate canine reward preferences.
Susanne Wurm, a professor of psychogerontology, has received the 2016 Baltes Foundation Award for her outstanding work on healthy aging. Her research focuses on the impact of individual views on aging and their role in shaping health outcomes.
A team of international researchers found that altruism is favored by random fluctuations in nature, proposing a simple answer to the longstanding puzzle as to why cooperation evolved. This discovery suggests that cooperators benefit more than they lose out due to random decreases in cheating populations.
Exposure to social-based messages promoting healthy eating increases consumption of fruit and vegetables, while reducing high-calorie snack consumption. The researchers found that a 'liking social norm' message had a powerful effect on food choices.
Researchers used machine learning to analyze caregiver responses and identified five ADI-R questions that maintained 95% of the instrument's performance. This could reduce administrative time and customize questions for individualized intervention. The study suggests a more data-informed approach to autism diagnosis and support.
State insurance mandates requiring coverage for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) were associated with increased diagnoses. The treated prevalence of ASD was higher in states with mandates compared to those without, suggesting that the mandates have had a positive effect on identifying children with ASD.
Research shows that 5-year-old children outperform younger counterparts in taking turns, a fundamental social behavior. Chimpanzees also demonstrate cooperation but fail to adopt consistent turn-taking strategies.
A study by New York University found that women are more likely to be saved or not harmed in moral dilemmas compared to men. In experiments involving the trolley dilemma and financial rewards, women showed a stronger aversion to harming females than males, even when it came at their own expense.