Articles tagged with Memory Processes
A new study published in the Journal of Neuroscience found that visual objects are represented by a distributed network in the human brain. Researchers used single-neuron activity recordings from epilepsy patients to test the idea of
Researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz successfully investigated the dynamics of small magnetic whirls called skyrmions, which can store energy even after external excitation is stopped. This discovery has significant implications for future magnetic data storage and information processing.
A North Carolina State University research team has created prototypes of novel multiferroic materials and devices integrated with silicon chips. These materials offer the possibility of switching magnetism with an electric field, making them attractive for next-generation memory storage devices.
Researchers at Georgia Tech are investigating information leaks from laptops and smartphones, which can be used by hackers to spy on users even when not connected to the internet. They have developed a metric to measure the strength of these 'side-channel signals' and are studying where they originate to develop countermeasures.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine have found that the flow of calcium ions into synapses activates CaMKII, which then unhooks SynGAP from scaffolding, spurring Ras signaling to begin. This discovery moves neuroscientists closer to understanding how learning and memory work and developing interventions for problems related to them.
The Stanford team created a high-rise chip with multiple layers of logic and memory, potentially leading to computing performance that is much greater than anything available today. The architecture leverages three breakthroughs: new transistor technology, multi-story computer memory, and innovative fabrication techniques.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in understanding galaxy evolution by modeling the effects of stellar activity on star formation. By running complex supercomputer simulations, they found that feedback from stars plays a crucial role in regulating galaxy growth.
A new study identifies a neural mechanism for translating unpleasant experiences into fear memories by changing amygdala connections. The findings suggest that Hebbian plasticity is partially correct but requires concurrent activation of noradrenaline to form memories.
A breakthrough in flexible electronics has been achieved using Inorganic-based Laser Lift-off (ILLO), which overcomes material and processing limitations. ILLO allows for the fabrication of ultrathin inorganic electronic devices on flexible substrates, enabling high temperature processes previously restricted by polymer materials.
Long-term shift work is associated with impaired brain function, including lower memory and processing speed. Recovery may take at least five years after stopping shift work.
A mathematical model, a finite state machine (FSM), calculates disease states in patients with depression. The model distinguishes between high-risk and low-risk patient groups, providing insight into the recurrence rates of depression.
Researchers have developed phase-change materials that can switch between crystalline and glassy phases to enable fast logic-processing operations. These new devices could process speeds up to 500-1,000 times faster than current silicon-based computers while using less energy.
A team of researchers, including a UC Riverside assistant professor, developed a method to attack apps on Android and other operating systems with high success rates. They tested the method on six popular apps, including Gmail, and found it was successful between 82-92% of the time.
Scientists discovered that people learn new motor tasks faster when they recall the errors made during the first attempt. The brain uses this information to fine-tune its performance and adapt to future similar tasks. This study sheds light on how our brains learn from mistakes.
Researchers at MIT have developed a 36-core chip featuring a 'network-on-chip' design that enables efficient communication between cores, solving cache coherence issues and improving performance. The chip's hierarchical priority system ensures chronological ordering of requests, while maintaining a balance of equal weight for all cores.
Researchers at Emory University discovered that individuals diagnosed with PTSD treated with ARBs or ACE inhibitors exhibited fewer PTSD-like symptoms. The study found that the medication losartan enhanced fear memory extinction, a process disrupted in individuals with PTSD.
Scientists have confirmed that strengthened connections between neurons, known as long-term potentiation (LTP), underlie memory formation. The study used optogenetics to strengthen and weaken these connections in genetically engineered rats, successfully forming, removing, and reactivating a memory.
Researchers found keywords in word networks that facilitate quick recognition of similar words, opening up potential applications for language disorders and learning. Removing keywords from memory could disrupt language processing.
Strategic thinking training has been proven beneficial in normal and clinical populations, leading to improved cognitive performance and brain function. The study highlights the potential of this type of training to enhance intellect and prevent cognitive decline.
Researchers have created a system of extremely simple robots that can cluster together without requiring complex computation. This development enables the creation of large numbers of robots to perform tasks collectively, with potential applications in precision farming and healthcare technologies. The robots use minimal information an...
A team of scientists has found a molecule that actively regulates memory loss, revealing the process of forgetting is not passive but rather an active process. The discovery could lead to new treatments for mental disorders such as Alzheimer's.
Researchers at BRIC, University of Copenhagen, have developed a new technology that can isolate histones and follow dynamic duplication processes in cells. The technology has identified 100 new molecular components involved in chromatin duplication and maintenance of cell memory.
Researchers at MIT and UConn developed new caching strategies that significantly improved chip performance while reducing energy consumption. The new approaches address the challenges of managing data access and communication between cores, resulting in faster execution times and reduced power usage.
Researchers at KIST developed a 64-bit, non-volatile memory cell array using flexible and twistable carbon nano material and organo-polymer compound. The 1D-1R architecture enables accurate data storage and retrieval in a curved state.
Scientists from the Scripps Research Institute will investigate axonal transport, a cellular process crucial for signaling and long-term memory storage. The goal is to identify molecular regulators of axonal transport to develop new approaches for treating memory disorders.
Scientists at the Stowers Institute for Medical Research have identified a protein that is essential for creating and maintaining long-term memories. The protein, Orb2A, must be tightly regulated to form only in specific neural circuits, and its conversion into a prion-like state can be triggered by nerve cell stimulation.
The National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center has accepted a new Cray XC30 supercomputer named Edison, designed for scientific productivity. The system features nearly 2.4 quadrillion floating-point operations per second and can handle both data analysis and simulation and modeling with equal efficiency.
Researchers at Cleveland Clinic have identified a critical role for the Neuroligin-1 protein in Alzheimer's-related memory loss, disrupting synaptic networks and leading to memory decline. The discovery may provide new approaches for preventing and treating Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers at MIT have discovered a potential new treatment for PTSD by using an HDAC2 inhibitor to make brain memories more malleable. This approach may be more effective than traditional psychotherapy alone in treating patients with well-established traumatic memories.
A preclinical study reveals that histone deacetylase inhibitors can enhance brain's ability to replace old traumatic memories with new ones, offering promising avenues for treating PTSD and anxiety disorders. Exposure-based therapy can be combined with HDACis to improve treatment for enduring traumatic memories.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University found that caffeine enhances long-term memory in humans by improving pattern separation. The study used a double-blind trial where participants received either a placebo or a 200-milligram caffeine tablet, and showed that more members of the caffeine group correctly identified new images as simil...
ETH Zurich researchers discovered a mechanism that enables yeast cells to memorise 'bad experiences' during reproduction by forming protein aggregates. These aggregates make future mating attempts more difficult, conserving energy and preventing unproductive reproduction. The system appears to be universal and relatively old in evolution.
Experiences can modify genes involved in memory formation and drug use, leading to long-term brain changes. This epigenetic phenomenon affects normal development and abnormal processes like depression and psychiatric disease.
A new study from McGill University has discovered that nerve cells have a special mechanism, known as the 'pre-assembly' technique, which enables rapid protein production at synapses. This allows the brain to quickly form memories and adapt to new experiences, with potential implications for treating neurodevelopmental disorders.
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara develop new algorithm MSP that assembles genomes with extreme efficiency, reducing memory consumption by two-thirds. The new method enables faster and more efficient processing of large genomic datasets, paving the way for smaller, less expensive clusters to assemble large genomes.
A new study from MIT reveals a gene essential for memory extinction, which could benefit people with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Enhancing the activity of this gene, Tet1, might make it easier to replace fearful memories with more positive associations.
A new study links obstructive lung disease to impaired cognitive functions, including memory and information processing. Researchers analyzed 5,764 people with OLD and found significant declines in memory tests, pairs matching tests, and reaction time.
Gladstone scientists have mapped the process by which brain cells form long-term memories, revealing how an important protein called Arc regulates neuron activity. The discovery provides new insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying memory formation and may shed light on neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's and autism.
A KAIST research team developed in vivo silicon-based flexible large scale integrated circuits for bio-medical wireless communication. The devices were monolithically encapsulated with biocompatible liquid crystal polymers and demonstrated stable operation in live rats.
Classic psychological research on expectancy and observer effects reveals flaws in forensic science, including the influence of human examiners and flawed evidence. The study proposes best practice recommendations to reduce confirmation biases and improve the quality of the judicial system.
Researchers have designed a special material interface that enhances the functionality of non-silicon-based electronic devices, such as RAM and nanoelectronic components. The new method combines ferroelectric tunneling with magnetic tunnel junctions, resulting in a quaternary-state device with improved switching and storage power.
The new $17 million supercomputer will peak at 3.4 petaflops and offer 2.7 petabytes of usable storage, benefiting climate and biological simulations, energy research, and material science applications. Researchers from around the world can apply to use the system, which is expected to accelerate scientific discovery.
An international team of academics researched the implementation and effects of Germany's compensation payments to former forced labourers, finding that personal experiences and memories played a crucial role in shaping victims' perceptions of the payments. The study, published in four volumes, reveals complex persecution experiences a...
Researchers explore three levels of hindsight bias: memory distortion, inevitability, and foreseeability. Factors fueling the phenomenon include selective recall, need for closure, and overconfidence in judgments. This bias can hinder learning and lead to poor decision-making.
Researchers at MIT's CSAIL have developed Halide, a new programming language that simplifies image-processing algorithms and improves performance. The language automates code-optimization procedures, reducing the need for manual tweaking and allowing for significant speedups.
Researchers have developed a novel magnetic memory that can store information in the form of resistance variations. By applying an electric pulse, the metal-organic molecule can be switched between a conductive, magnetic state and a low-conductive, non-magnetic state.
Researchers found that stimulating a musical tune during slow-wave sleep improved memory for complex skills. Participants made fewer errors when pressed keys to produce the melody presented while they slept compared to the other melody. The study opens doors for future studies on sleep-based memory processing.
A new group of regulatory molecules called mirror-microRNAs has been discovered to control multiple aspects of brain function. These microRNA genes are produced from the same piece of DNA but have different functions in regulating protein production and movement, doubling the capacity of regulation.
Researchers created a new electronic memory technology using nanodots, achieving faster data writing and erasing than mainstream charge-storage memory products. The system uses discrete silicon nanodots to store and remove charges, enabling quick and simple data operations.
Researchers found that blocking O-GlcNAc attachment to CREB protein improved long-term memory in mice. The study suggests that targeting O-GlcNAc could lead to new ways to enhance memory. Blocking O-GlcNAc also showed promise in slowing cancer growth, making it a potential target for anti-cancer drugs.
A $640,000 grant will fund research collaborations between ASU and Columbia University to expand knowledge about sensory feedback and motor actions involved in hand control. The study aims to understand how the brain stores memory representations of past actions and plans future actions.
Scientists at the University of Alberta investigated the molecular mechanism of memory encoding in neurons. They found components that fit together, enabling information processing and storage capacity necessary for forming and retaining memories.
A team of researchers at Case Western Reserve University has developed a novel technique called fine-grained power gating, which can eliminate wasted energy in computer processors. This method reduces power consumption by up to 40% and also minimizes heat production, resulting in significant cost savings.
Researchers found that BDNF uses microRNA to target the production of specific proteins involved in learning and memory, and that increasing these microRNAs can halt protein production. The study sheds light on how memories are made and offers hope for treating mental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers at EPFL have successfully developed a 3D chip with multiple processors stacked vertically, increasing efficiency and processing power. The chip is connected using thin copper microtubes through tiny openings called Through-Silicon-Vias, reducing data exchange time.
The Olympus supercomputer is helping scientists analyze future power grids and design better batteries for energy storage. It uses a water cooling system, resulting in reduced energy consumption and lower costs.
Engineering researchers have successfully watched a ferroelectric memory bit switch between 0 and 1 states in real time. The breakthrough discovery offers greater storage capacity, faster write speed, and longer lifetimes than current memory designs.
A modified Story Memory Technique was found to be effective in improving learning and memory deficits in people with multiple sclerosis. The treatment group showed greater activation in a widespread cortical network, indicating improved cognitive function.
A KAIST research team has developed a fully functional flexible non-volatile resistive random access memory (RRAM) that can be randomly accessed, written, and erased on a plastic substrate. This breakthrough overcomes cell-to-cell interference issues by integrating a memristor with high-performance silicon transistors.
Scientists at Virginia Commonwealth University have discovered a new class of 'superatoms' with magnetic characteristics, mimicking different elements of the periodic table. The discovery could lead to significant developments in molecular electronics and quantum computing.