Articles tagged with Social Brain Hypothesis
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A study from the UJI reveals how the brain interprets social hierarchies and emotional facial expressions through the anterior temporal lobe. The upper part of this region is strongly activated when individuals make decisions based on emotional facial expressions, particularly in those with high levels of anxiety.
A new Northwestern Medicine study found the 'lizard brain' is connected to newly evolved social cognitive network regions, which are involved in thinking about other people. This link helps shape the function of the social cognitive network by giving it access to the amygdala's role in processing emotionally important content.
A new study finds that complex and unfamiliar sentences generate stronger responses in the brain's language processing centers. Sentences with higher surprisal and linguistic complexity evoke more activation, while extremely simple or nonsensical sequences elicit little response.
Researchers employed computer vision to extract social behaviors and linked them to brain synchronization patterns in a novel approach. During cooperative play, brain synchronization was strongest when participants shared gaze, while individual play showed increased within-brain synchronization.
Studies have identified specific neural circuits responding to positive and negative social interactions, shedding light on the nature of social behavior, motivation, and empathy. The findings underscore the vital role of social structures and connections in maintaining physical and mental well-being.
Researchers found that petting real dogs activates the prefrontal cortex more than stuffed animals, with increased brain activity each time interaction occurs. This effect persists after the dog is gone, suggesting a long-lasting impact of social bonding.
A new MIT study finds that noradrenaline helps the brain learn from surprising outcomes by stimulating behavior that leads to a reward, particularly in uncertain situations. The researchers also discovered that noradrenaline promotes taking a chance on getting a reward, even when the outcome is unknown.
Researchers at Duke University found a collection of coordinated brain regions that predict and direct social behavior in mice. By analyzing the electrical activity of these regions, they identified how social or solitary an individual mouse is and were able to prompt them to be more gregarious. This study may lead to better diagnostic...
Researchers found correlations between brain morphology and sensory characteristics in adults with ASD, suggesting structural changes may cause sensory abnormalities. The study aims to improve diagnosis and treatment options for ASD beyond behavioral indicators.
The study found that grandmothers activate brain areas associated with emotional empathy when viewing photos of their grandchildren, indicating a strong emotional connection. In contrast, adult children elicit a stronger cognitive empathy response in grandmothers.
Researchers at Mount Sinai found that people used forward thinking when trying to influence others, regardless of controllability. This neural activity was linked to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, a decision-making center involved in strategic thinking.
A new study from Stockholm University debunks the idea that humans can maintain stable relationships with only 150 people, citing a lack of precision in available methods and data. The researchers found that the average maximum group size is often lower than 150, with confidence intervals ranging from 2 to 520 people.
Researchers at Yale University used functional near-infrared spectroscopy to study brain activity during face-to-face discussions. They found that brains exhibit a calm synchronicity of activity focused on sensory areas when agreeing, but mobilize higher cognitive functions and emotional resources when disagreeing.
A Russian research team found that social brain components are co-activated during group problem-solving, but do not form a holistic system. This suggests that the 'social brain' is not as integrated as previously thought.
A new study published in JNeurosci found that people learn and decide better when avoiding harm to others. The study used an fMRI scanner to investigate how participants learned to choose between two symbols to minimize pain, revealing increased activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) when choosing for another person.
A study found that in a common subtype of autism, brain areas responsible for vision and attention are not controlled, leading to severe social symptoms. Researchers combined eye gaze data with brain scans to make the discovery.
Research found that social and executive brain functions are essential for successful language processing, even in individuals with dementia. Patients with frontotemporal dementia performed poorly on language tests despite showing no speech impairment, highlighting the importance of non-language brain regions.
Researchers found that neural synchrony between mothers and infants predicts social learning, while eye contact is associated with increased synchrony. The study sheds light on the human social brain and its importance in learning and development.
A new multi-site brain imaging study found that people with schizophrenia-related disorders use their brains differently when imitating emotional faces, but not in categorically different ways. The study suggests a data-driven approach to identify novel biomarkers for mental health symptoms.
Studies in mice and marmosets reveal mechanisms underlying social learning and behavior, including neural circuits controlling vocalizations and aggression. The findings provide a clearer picture of the brain's social processing, paving the way for potential treatments for disorders such as autism spectrum disorder.
A study by Yale psychologists found people form stable impressions of good strangers but quickly adjust their opinions of bad ones. This flexibility may help explain why we forgive and sometimes stay in bad relationships.
Astrocytes may partner with neurons to process information, according to a new MIT study funded by a $1.9 million grant. The research aims to uncover the crucial role of astrocytes in brain function and development, potentially providing insight into disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and autism.
A study published in Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution found that jealousy leads to increased brain activity in areas associated with social pain and pair bonding in male coppery titi monkeys. The researchers also observed heightened activity in the lateral septum, a region involved in forming pair bonds in primates.
A new study found that cetaceans have sophisticated social and cooperative behavior traits, including complex alliance relationships, social transfer of hunting techniques, and vocal mimicry. The research suggests a link between brain size and cultural complexity in these marine mammals.
Researchers identified specific brain regions that correlate with improved social abilities after a virtual training program. Adults with higher brain activity in these regions showed better emotional recognition skills.
A study found that people with multiple sclerosis (MS) have impaired ability to understand others' feelings and intentions, linked to subtle brain changes, particularly in the white matter of the brain. The results suggest a disconnect in the social brain network, affecting quality of life and daily interactions.
A Penn study found a link between social network structure and brain activity, revealing that individuals with diffuse friend networks show more dynamic brain responses than those with close-knit social circles. The research used fMRI to examine the brain's response to social exclusion, finding that participants with sparse networks ex...
A team of NYU anthropologists analyzed 140 primate species and found that brain size is predicted by diet, not sociality. Frugivores and frugivore/folivores exhibit significantly larger brains than folivores.
Researchers at Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research used precise genetic tools to track neurophysiological deficits resulting from Rett Syndrome. They found that recombinant human Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 (rhIGF1) and bumetanide can reverse such deficits in a cell-type specific manner.
Research suggests factors beyond sociality influence brain anatomy in carnivores, contradicting the 'social brain' hypothesis. Female lions have larger frontal cortices due to their social demands, while cheetahs have smaller brains that support their high-speed pursuits.
A study suggests that humans' disproportionately large brain size resulted from sizing each other up in large social groups. The research proposes that helping others who are at least as successful as themselves favored by evolution. This idea has implications for engineering intelligent machines to decide cooperation and generosity.
Researchers created a neurodevelopmental model of Williams syndrome to study the underlying neurobiology of the human social brain. The study found that WS individuals have reduced cortex surface area and unique neuronal morphology, which may underlie their hyper-social predisposition.
Researchers at UMMS found that T-cells play a pivotal role in social development, with elevated IFN-γ signaling linked to social brain function. This discovery may lead to new therapeutic approaches for neurological disorders.
A University of Oxford study published in Royal Society Open Science found that online social media groups are constrained to around 150-200 people, similar to offline networks. Regular Facebook users averaged 155 and 183 friends, respectively, with women having more connections than men.
A new study suggests that as social behavior evolved in insects, the need for complex cognition in individuals decreased. Solitary wasp species have larger brains than their social counterparts, indicating a shift from individual to distributed cognition.
A team of scientists developed an automated method to detect neuron activity during specific behaviors in mice. The technology uses c-fos protein to identify active neurons and has been used to study male-male and male-female interactions, revealing novel facts about brain activation patterns.
Researchers found that people can guess how others learn about themselves, even without explicit communication. This skill increases the chances of success in competitive social interactions. The study also explores its potential impact on individuals with autism spectrum disorders and neuropsychiatric conditions.
A brain imaging study found that individuals with psychopathy can activate their empathy when asked, but struggle to do so spontaneously. This challenges the notion that psychopaths are incapable of feeling emotions.
A four-year $600,000 grant from the National Institute of Mental Health will support an SDSU scientist's research on brain network connectivity in autistic children and adolescents. The study aims to understand how atypical brain connections link to impaired social functioning in children with autism.
The Early Start Denver Model (ESDM) has been found to improve social skills and brain responses to social cues in young children with autism. The study, published in the Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, showed that ESDM increased brain activity associated with recognizing and perceiving social information.
Researchers have identified distinct brain regions involved in social decisions and reactions, shedding light on the neural basis of basic social behaviors. These findings may help address conditions such as autism, psychopathology, and schizophrenia, which involve social dysfunctions.
New research reveals connections between adolescent brain development and emotional regulation, cognition, and social skills, highlighting potential vulnerabilities and opportunities for growth during the teen years.
MIT neuroscientists discovered that two major classes of brain cells repress neural activity through simple yet profound mathematical computations. The findings could help scientists understand diseases caused by imbalances in brain inhibition and excitation, including autism, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder.
A study published by researchers at the University of California, San Diego found a 67% excess of cortical cells in children with autism, pointing to prenatal processes gone awry as a possible cause. The excess neurons were discovered in areas associated with social, communication and cognitive development.
A recent USC study found that the brain prioritizes winning in a social setting over individual success, leading to increased risky and competitive behavior. This phenomenon is linked to the activation of the striatum and medial prefrontal cortex regions of the brain.
Researchers found that social bee queens have a more developed mushroom body, associated with learning and memory, despite not having bigger brains overall. This suggests that social interactions are cognitively challenging for these bees, as predicted by the social brain hypothesis.
Researchers have successfully created the first transgenic prairie voles, allowing them to investigate the genetic mechanisms of social bonding and its impact on psychiatric disorders. This advancement may lead to new treatments for impairments in social behavior.
Researchers Finarelli and Flynn challenge the Social Brain Hypothesis, finding that increased brain size is not routinely associated with sociality in carnivores. They document at least six separate changes in brain sizes across different lineages of mammals.
A new study published in PLOS ONE suggests that the first egalitarian societies may have appeared tens of thousands of years ago, driven by the social brain hypothesis. The research uses a complex mathematical model and large-scale numerical simulations to explore how alliances can emerge in groups, leading to a phase transition toward...
A new study suggests that the social context of a person's facial expression and individual attachment style can affect how our brains interpret its social meaning. The study found that happy faces activated reward centers in the brain, but this response was weaker in participants with an avoidant attachment style.
Researchers found inefficient pathways transmit information between brain regions, impairing social understanding and intention detection. The study suggests a lack of synchronization in the Theory of Mind network is responsible for social challenges in autism.
A study of a tropical wasp species found that males' larger brain regions were associated with dominant behavior and vision-based mating opportunities. The research supports the 'social brain hypothesis,' which suggests that large human brains evolved in response to complex social interactions.
A new study by Princeton University researchers shows that people respond to social out-groups with disgust, not fellow humanity. Brain imaging confirms this prejudice at an unconscious level, dehumanizing individuals from these groups.
A monkey study provides a controlled laboratory setting to explore how monkeys make social judgments, including dominance rankings and reproductive success. The findings suggest that the brain processes social information in a way similar to humans, with implications for understanding autism.
A study at Dartmouth College suggests that harboring racial bias makes negotiating interracial interactions more cognitively demanding. The researchers found that brain activity in response to black faces predicted performance on cognitive tasks after actual interactions.
The study found that cooperative behavior is intrinsically rewarding to the human brain, activating areas linked to reward processing. Mutual cooperation was common in games played with presumed human partners, even when a player was maximally rewarded for defecting.