Articles tagged with Crime
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The NSF Law and Social Sciences program has awarded over $5 million to fund 23 projects and four workshops. The program focuses on scientific exploration of law and legal systems, supporting research on topics such as litigation, legal decision-making, governance, crime, and violence.
A recent study links adolescent sleepiness to future crime rates, with sleepy teens more likely to commit crimes by age 29. The study suggests that poor daytime attention and social adversity may contribute to the relationship between sleepiness and crime.
Research from the University of Pennsylvania and University of York found that teenagers who self-report feeling drowsy mid-afternoon are 4.5 times more likely to commit violent crimes a decade and a half later. The study also links daytime sleepiness with poor attention and brain function, which can lead to criminal behavior.
A new Northwestern Medicine study reveals a significant connection between exposure to gang violence and severe depression, with 36% of women exhibiting post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. The research highlights the often-overlooked impact of traumatic experiences on mental health in disadvantaged neighborhoods.
A recent study found that women are more likely to cooperate with law enforcement in intimate partner sexual assault cases if they are married to the suspect, in a longer relationship, or have been threatened. Conversely, victims who feel their autonomy is being limited or blame themselves for the incident are less likely to participate.
Global health experts call for UN Security Council mandate to protect healthcare facilities from attacks, amid persistent and blatant breaches of Geneva Convention. The international community needs to stand up for medical neutrality, mandating the UN Security Council to provide protection for health facilities.
Researchers found that exposure to simple perceptual features in dilapidated buildings, overgrown lots, and littered streets can make rule-breaking more likely. The study shows that visually disordered stimuli increase cheating by 35% and average magnitude of cheating by 87%.
A small study of black children in New Orleans found that neighborhood stressors such as violence and crime were associated with shortened telomere length and cortisol functioning, indicating biological stress. The study highlights the importance of addressing social environmental conditions to reduce health disparities.
A new training initiative by the Houston Police Department is being tested for its effectiveness in reducing gender bias in police responses to sexual assault and domestic violence victims. The study, led by Sam Houston State University researchers, aims to improve the investigation and prosecution of these crimes.
UBC researchers created a new classification system to help police solve sex crimes, identifying subtypes of high-risk sexual offenders. The tool can predict characteristics of offenders and behavior before a crime takes place.
A new study published in Drug and Alcohol Dependence found that releasing youth from drinking-age restrictions is associated with a 7.6% increase in commission of any crime among males and a 10.4% increase among females. Violent crimes increased by 7.4% for males and 14.9% for females, while nuisance crimes also saw significant rises.
A new study suggests that US prisons continue to grow even as crime rates decline, mainly due to the increasing number of repeat offenders. The average offender now has a more extensive criminal record than in the past, making it harder for judges to give alternative sentences.
A new study suggests that the US prison population continues to rise despite a decline in crime rates, due to judges dealing with more repeat offenders with extensive criminal records. The average offender now has nearly twice as many prior felonies as they did in 1981.
Researchers used data on taxi trip records and points of interest from FourSquare to gather insights into neighborhood crime rates. The study found that areas with nightclubs tend to be low-crime areas, suggesting people choose safe destinations.
A nationwide study of over 18,000 crime victims found that reporting initial experiences to police reduces the likelihood of future victimization. The researchers suggest increased awareness and services for victims after reporting contribute to this effect.
Research suggests that witnesses are more willing to identify a suspect when they view a lineup in which the suspect alone has a distinguishing feature. However, this can also lead to confusion between actual guilty suspects and innocent suspects with similar features, impairing their ability to make accurate identifications.
A University of Surrey study estimates the carbon footprint of crime in England and Wales, revealing burglaries contribute 30% to the total footprint. The study also found that reducing crime does not necessarily reduce carbon emissions, due to the 'rebound effect', where money spent on addressing crime is spent elsewhere.
A study published in the Journal of Industrial Ecology found that burglary resulted in the largest proportion of total carbon footprint, accounting for 30% of emissions. The criminal justice system also accounted for a significant portion of emissions, highlighting the need to raise awareness about the environmental impact of crime.
Agneta Mallén's study reveals how citizen journalism can perpetuate cyberbullying through the sharing of low-quality videos that are perceived as truth. The researcher found that even when video clips are later debunked, the damage is already done and the person is subjected to virtual punishment.
A year-long experiment in Peterborough found that targeting crime hot spots with extra PCSO patrols can prevent 86 assaults and save thousands in prison costs. The study, published in the Journal of Experimental Criminology, suggests a five-to-one return on investment for every £10 spent on targeted foot patrols.
Research published in Frontiers in Psychology found that people who witnessed a crime can identify criminals through their distinctive scent. Human nose-witnesses were able to correctly identify perpetrators in almost 70% of cases, showing promise for forensic applications.
A new meta-analysis of US recidivism risk assessment instruments found them to be accurate but with unclear impact on reducing bias against offenders based on race or other factors. The study evaluated 19 commonly used RAIs and assessed their accuracy in predicting recidivism, ease of use, and inter-rater reliability.
Researchers at the University of Leicester aim to develop a test using portable nanopore DNA sequencers to identify species at crime scenes in under an hour. This technology has the potential to combat wildlife trafficking by detecting traces of endangered species, such as elephant and rhino blood.
A recent study found that large reductions in the prison population do not compromise public safety, as demonstrated by California's Realignment Act. By shifting responsibility for certain groups of offenders to local jurisdictions, realignment reduced the total prison population by 27,527 inmates and saved $453 million.
A new assessment tool has been developed to gauge the risk of patients with mental illnesses committing crimes, improving upon the current evaluation system. The tool aims to strike a balance between patient rights and freedoms and public safety, facilitating quicker evaluations and hospitalizations for high-risk patients.
Microscopic hair analysis is flawed due to subjective characteristics and lack of population-based databases. Re-examination by different examiners can result in inconsistent descriptions.
A new study from Michigan State University found that local perceptions of illegal biodiversity exploitation and environmental insecurity can help predict buy-in for risk-management strategies. Understanding local attitudes and behaviors is crucial to addressing wildlife crime and its ramifications.
A new study by Duke University researchers found that adult-onset offenders have a history of anti-social behavior from childhood and are more likely to struggle with mental health issues. The study, which tracked nearly 1,000 New Zealanders, suggests that the court system may not be addressing the root causes of crime in adults.
Research from Georgia State University suggests that international college students, particularly females, are less at risk for violent victimization due to lifestyle choices and activities. Female international students were found to be significantly less likely to be victims of violent, non-sexual crimes.
The report from Sam Houston State University identifies factors that hinder victims of domestic violence, including criminal justice system response and internal fears. It also highlights the importance of coordinated community responses and domestic violence courts in addressing these concerns.
Researchers created a visual speech recognition technology that can accurately translate lip movements into spoken words, even in noisy environments or when audio is unavailable. This technology has the potential to be applied in various situations, including criminal investigations and entertainment.
A Michigan State University study found that protesters in Ferguson believed police perceive black people as suspects before considering them as civilians. The research aimed to investigate racial typification and its impact on police-community relations.
Scientists have developed an improved method for lifting and analyzing lipstick samples, using gas chromatography to compare crime scene lipsticks to a database of known brands. This breakthrough could help law enforcement identify suspects more efficiently.
A study from the University of Leicester found that women who feel more at risk of crime tend to be attracted to physically dominant men. The researchers suggest that this attraction is not based on a desire for protection, but rather a psychological mechanism related to feelings of vulnerability.
A recent study by University of Warwick researcher Mirko Draca found that higher-priced items are more likely to be stolen. The analysis of monthly data over a 10-year period reveals a strong relationship between price and crime, with a 10% increase in prices associated with a 3.5% increase in crime.
A new forensic footwear imaging technique using Frustrated Total Internal Reflection (FTIR) imaging has been developed to extract additional information and create detailed digital pictures of personal footprints. This technology has the potential to link individuals or their shoes to specific locations, vital for law enforcement.
A new study found that young drivers experience significant increases in alcohol-impaired driving offenses after reaching the legal drinking age. The research suggests that raising the drinking age could reduce such incidents and improve public health.
A study by Sam Houston State University's Crime Victims' Institute found that only 88% of Title IX Coordinators received training on investigating sexual assault cases, while less than half were trained for stalking, intimate partner violence, or LGBTQ+ cases.
A new IT system uses mathematical algorithms to predict crime patterns and optimize police patrols. This breakthrough aims to reduce crime rates and save human resources, strengthening crime prevention over suppression.
A new report analyzes factors driving public trust in policing, finding that respectful treatment and transparent decision making are key to building cooperation. The study highlights the importance of procedural justice in fostering perceptions of police legitimacy.
Research by Netta Weinstein and others suggests that people's experiences of local nature can explain 8% of survey responses about community cohesion. Additionally, objective measures of green space in neighborhoods account for 4% additional variance in crime rates, outperforming known contributors like socioeconomic deprivation.
Research finds that areas with more restrictive alcohol licensing policies have lower drink-related hospital admissions, with a 2% reduction seen in local authorities with medium-high intensity scores. This suggests that tighter local curbs can lead to measurable reductions in alcohol-attributable hospital admissions.
Researchers at the University of South Carolina have developed a new technique called 'steam thermography' that can detect blood spots in crime scenes more effectively than luminol. The method uses thermal imaging and a hand steamer to highlight where blood is present, even in highly diluted samples.
A CSIRO scientist has developed a novel fingerprint detection method that uses ultraviolet (UV) light to reveal latent prints on surfaces. This technique enables faster and more precise analysis, reducing the need for heat and vacuum treatment in laboratories.
A study by the CDC found that excessive drinking cost the US $249 billion in 2010, with binge drinking responsible for most of these costs. The economic burden of excessive alcohol use includes reduced workplace productivity, crime, and healthcare expenses related to health problems caused by excessive drinking.
A new study reveals that viewers of 'Law and Order' have a better grasp of sexual consent than those who watch other crime dramas, suggesting a link between punishment of sexual predators and reduced predatory behavior. The study explores the influence of watching crime drama franchises on attitudes towards sexual consent.
A UCLA-led team developed a mathematical model to predict crime hotspots, which was tested in Los Angeles and Kent, England. The model accurately predicted crime locations more often than human analysts, leading to a significant reduction in crime rates in Los Angeles, with potential annual savings of $9 million.
A study published in Psychological Medicine suggests that predictive analytics can pinpoint soldiers at highest violence risk for preventive interventions. The model, developed from administrative data, identifies 5% of soldiers as having the highest predicted risk, accounting for a significant proportion of violent crimes.
A study by Carlson School of Management and NYU Stern found that increased broadband availability led to a 20% rise in racial hate crimes committed by lone-wolf perpetrators. The Internet's impact on hate crime was predominantly present in areas with higher levels of racism.
A new study by Duke University researchers found that 60% of criminals obtain guns through purchase or trade with family and acquaintances. The study also identified straw purchasers and gun traffickers as key sources of crime guns in Chicago.
A new study found that family arrest histories and delinquent friends were the best predictors of heavy drinking or long-term marijuana use among youth offenders. The researchers emphasized the importance of training youths to strengthen impulse control and resist peer pressure as part of drug and alcohol abuse prevention programs.
A cohort study found a modest association between SSRI use and violent crime among individuals aged 15-24, with increased risks of violent arrests and non-fatal injuries. In contrast, no significant associations were found for older adults, suggesting potential age-related differences in the link between SSRI use and violent behavior.
A long-term study published in The Lancet Psychiatry journal found that ex-prisoners with common psychiatric disorders such as bipolar disorder and alcohol abuse are more likely to commit violent crimes after release. The study estimated that up to a fifth of violent reoffending by former male prisoners can be attributed to diagnosed p...
A recent study suggests that victims of sexual assault who were intoxicated during the crime can still accurately report information when interviewed by police. The research challenges the misconception that intoxicated victims are unreliable and may provide less accurate testimony due to alcohol impairment.
Scientists have developed a technique to estimate the age of fingerprints, which could help investigators determine relevance and exclude older prints. The method uses palmitic acid migration rate to predict fingerprint age, applying to prints up to four days old, with plans to expand that window.
A new study from the University of Washington suggests that abusive children can exhibit either 'externalizing' (arguing, disobedience, fighting) or 'internalizing' (depression, withdrawal) behaviors, which are predictors of later criminal activity. Abused girls who internalize their emotions are more likely to commit crimes as adults.
A new statistical model unveiled at the Joint Statistical Meetings in Seattle helps police analysts quickly identify crime series and apprehend suspects. The model uses machine learning algorithms to analyze crime data and predict the likely location of next events in a series.
A new study published in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health found that reducing street lighting at night does not lead to an increase in road traffic collisions or crime. Local authorities can safely reduce energy costs and carbon emissions by carefully assessing risks, according to the researchers.
A recent study found that installing functional doors and windows in abandoned buildings can lead to a significant decrease in crime rates. Over a 2-year period, the study revealed an estimated 8 fewer assaults, 10 fewer gun assaults, and 5 fewer nuisance crimes in areas with improved building facades.
Researchers found a significant decrease in serious crimes in areas around remediated buildings, including a 39% reduction in gun assaults. The study suggests that making buildings safer can improve health outcomes and reduce crime.