Articles tagged with Siblings
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Astronomers discovered jets of material ejected by still-forming young brown dwarfs, confirming they form through a scaled-down version of star formation. The presence of these jets was detected by the VLA and confirmed with Spitzer and Herschel space telescopes.
A massive study of 377,000 high school students found that first-borns have a one-IQ-point advantage over later-borns but the differences are statistically insignificant. First-borns tend to be more extroverted and conscientious, while later-borns have less anxiety, but these effects are infinitesimally small.
A study examining cesarean section delivery and autism spectrum disorder found an initial association between the two, but further analysis of sibling pairs revealed no causal link. The study suggests that unknown genetic or environmental factors may contribute to the increased risk of both cesarean section and autism spectrum disorder.
A survey of 34 couples found that those with siblings from the same donor preferred to use the same donor for subsequent conceptions due to a desire for genetic bonds and improved sibling relations. However, some couples prioritized the genetic link between mother and child over full sibling relationships.
Researchers found that low birth weight, having older siblings, and hospitalizations due to infections between ages 5-16 can predict ankylosing spondylitis. These environmental factors have been linked to other diseases, such as autoimmune conditions like diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis.
A new study found that younger, unrelated donors with high T cell counts, particularly CD8 cells, resulted in significantly reduced disease relapse and improved survival rates for older patients. Screening for donor T cell characteristics may help optimize donor selection for these transplants.
A large study found that people with depression were 3.2 times more likely to develop Parkinson's disease within a year after diagnosis. The link between depression and Parkinson's disease remained even when adjusting for other conditions related to depression.
A large study found that people with depression are more likely to develop Parkinson's disease, with a threefold increased risk within the first year. The link between depression and Parkinson's disease holds true even after adjusting for other related conditions.
A large study of over 95,000 US children found no association between the MMR vaccine and an increased risk of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), even among those with older siblings already at higher genetic risk for ASD. The study suggests that parents' concerns about the vaccine's link to ASD may be unfounded.
Researchers found that crow chicks raised alongside a cuckoo chick begged less intensely than those in nests without any unrelated broods present. Despite this, the young crows ultimately grew bigger than the cuckoos. The study suggests that sharing the nest with a cuckoo may be advantageous for crow chicks.
A recent study of 340 whole genomes from 85 families with two children affected by autism found that most siblings share different autism-linked genes. The research, led by Stephen Scherer, provides new insights into the complex genetic underpinnings of autism and suggests that each child with autism is unique.
A new study by Yale School of Medicine researchers has found that about 20% of younger siblings of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) will develop the condition by age 3. The study identified specific social-communicative behaviors at 18 months that distinguish infants with ASD from their peers.
A recent study published in Journal of Family Psychology found that favoritism in parenting is strongly associated with alcohol, cigarette, and drug use among teenage children in disengaged families. Children who perceive themselves as less favored are more likely to engage in substance abuse.
A study published in Nature found that the chemical uniformity of stars in the same cluster is due to turbulent mixing in star-forming clouds. This mixing occurs before much of the gas has turned into stars, resulting in nearly identical chemical signatures among sibling stars.
Astronomers used computational simulations to show that rapid mixing in cloud formation creates uniform chemical composition among born stars, supporting the idea of 'chemical tagging' and potential discovery of Sun's siblings. The study also found that even clouds without many stars produce similar abundances.
Early joint attention before one year is linked to later autism symptoms in high-risk siblings. Babies with lower levels of initiating joint attention without smiling are more likely to have elevated ASD symptoms by 30 months.
A new study from UC San Diego suggests dogs may have a more basic form of jealousy that evolved to protect social bonds from interlopers. Dogs exhibited aggressive behaviors like snapping and pushing when owner showed affection to a stuffed dog, indicating they were motivated to break up the connection.
A Swedish study found that genetic and environmental factors have a similar influence on the risk of autism. The research estimated the heritability of ASD at approximately 50 percent and found a 10-fold increased risk of recurrence among siblings of family members with ASD.
A new study found that older siblings more strongly sway younger siblings close in age towards violent criminal behavior. Environmental factors within families play a crucial role in delinquent behavior, and the results may inform prevention and treatment programs.
The Childhood Cancer Survivor Study found that adult survivors of childhood cancer are at a higher risk for severe health problems, including new cancers and heart conditions, compared to their siblings
Researchers detected atypical development in nearly half of the younger siblings of children with autism by 12 months. The study found that many of these children showed delays in social, communication, cognitive, or motor development, particularly in social-communication domains.
A new study suggests that breast-feeding may have overstated benefits for children's long-term health and well-being. The research analyzed data from over 8,000 siblings and found no significant differences in most health outcomes between those who were breast-fed and bottle-fed.
Researchers found that traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors are three times more likely to die prematurely from suicide or fatal injuries. The study also showed that TBI survivors who have a history of substance abuse or psychiatric disorders are at highest risk of premature death.
A new study from the University of Texas at Austin found that parents who give their children similar-sounding names are more likely to mistakenly call them by another family member's or pet's name. The researchers discovered that physical and personality similarities between siblings also contribute to these errors.
A study by Laura Nabors at the University of Cincinnati found that chronically ill children use imaginative play to work through fears and express a full recovery. Play also helps siblings cope with their child's illness, highlighting the importance of parental support.
A new Indiana University study found that preterm birth is strongly linked to infant and young adult mortality, autism, and ADHD. However, it also suggests that other associated issues, such as severe mental illness and economic woes, may be related to shared family factors rather than preterm birth itself.
Seventy-five percent of participants reported being bullied by a sibling, and 85% reported bullying a sibling. Sibling bullying is often viewed as normative, with victims and perpetrators evaluating instances differently.
A Danish study of siblings found the recurrence risk for autism spectrum disorders varied from 4.5 percent to 10.5 percent depending on the birth years. The study suggests an almost seven-fold increase in ASDs risk if an older sibling had an ASD diagnosis, highlighting the role of genetics and maternal intrauterine environment.
Researchers found a link between spontaneous mutations and impaired neurogenesis in the prefrontal cortex of people with schizophrenia. The study suggests that genetic damage can disrupt brain development and lead to early signs of the illness, such as impaired executive functions.
Researchers found that breastfed children were less likely to develop ADHD later in life, with bottle-fed children three times more likely to have the disorder. The study suggests breastfeeding may have a protective effect against ADHD development.
A 41-year study of 70,000 patients with epilepsy found that three-quarters of those who died had also been diagnosed with a psychiatric condition. The study suggests that carefully assessing and treating psychiatric disorders could help reduce the risk of premature death in these patients.
Childhood cancer survivors were nearly 50% more likely to experience clinical infertility compared to their siblings. Around two-thirds of those who reported clinical infertility eventually became pregnant, comparable to the historical pregnancy rate in all women with clinical infertility.
A new study from the University of New Hampshire finds that sibling aggression is associated with significantly worse mental health in children and adolescents. The study analyzed data from a national sample of 3,599 children and found that even mild instances of sibling aggression can lead to increased mental health distress.
A study found a 21% drop in insulin sensitivity among first-born children, leading to higher daytime blood pressure and increased risk of conditions like type 2 diabetes. First-borns tend to be taller and slimmer than their later-born counterparts due to changes in the mother's uterus during pregnancy.
A UK study found that attitudes towards speed among learner drivers are a significant predictor of unsafe driving behavior once they become licensed. The research suggests that focusing on technical skills alone may not be enough to ensure road safety, and instead, efforts should be made to develop safer driving attitudes from the begi...
Researchers have identified a specific section of chromosome 2 that regulates von Willebrand factor levels, a key substance in blood clotting. The findings may lead to improved diagnosis and treatment for bleeding disorders.
A University of Missouri study found that conflicts over personal space and fairness are associated with higher anxiety and depression in adolescents. Parents can use household rules such as knocking before entering a sibling's room to resolve disputes and promote healthy psychological development.
A survey found that 80% of parents with a child with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) would pursue genetic testing to identify risk in younger siblings. The average lag from initial suspicion to diagnosis was almost three years, with many families experiencing anxiety due to the increased risk of recurrence.
A new prevention program helps elementary-school aged siblings learn to get along, leading to improved future health and well-being. The SIBlings Are Special (SIBS) program teaches positive communication, problem-solving, and teamwork skills, resulting in reduced aggressive behaviors and increased self-control.
A study of 12,700 children across eight European countries found that only children have a 50% higher risk of obesity compared to their peers. The research controlled for various factors, such as gender and parental weight, but still showed a strong correlation between singleton status and overweight.
In a surprising discovery, male marine whelks carry the eggs of other males on their backs, with only one in four belonging to them. This unusual behavior provides insight into the complex family dynamics of these snails.
Researchers identified 57 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with an increased risk of autism in siblings of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The study used a combination of statistical and functional genomic data to predict the risk of autism in unaffected siblings.
A new University of Miami study reveals that one in three children who have an older sibling with an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) exhibit higher levels of autism-related behaviors or lower levels of developmental progress. Typically developing siblings may face subtle forms of ASD-related problems, such as lower back-and-forth play a...
A two-year study is underway to identify genetic biomarkers that can predict autism risk in infant siblings. Researchers are examining DNA samples from children with autism and their older siblings to determine if there are any genetic markers that could provide a more accurate estimate of the sibling's risk.
A new study by UCLA researchers has discovered a single instance of two independent mutations disrupting the SCN2A gene in affected siblings, confirming its importance. The study found multiple variations between unaffected and affected groups, making promising new candidates for autism susceptibility genes.
A family history of psychiatric conditions such as autism and depression may shape a person's intellectual interests. The study found that students interested in humanities or social sciences were more likely to report a family member with mood disorders or substance abuse, while those interested in science and technical majors were mo...
A new study published in the Journal of Vision increases our understanding of how the brain processes facial structure and recognizes family resemblance. Researchers found that people can pick out family members despite underlying differences, such as gender or age, by comparing faces to an average face for that gender.
Research published in Injury Prevention found that teens who consume high amounts of carbonated non-diet soft drinks are more likely to exhibit aggressive behavior. The study, which analyzed data from over 1,800 Boston teenagers, discovered a significant association between heavy soft drink consumption and violence perpetration.
A recent study published in Pediatrics found that 19% of younger siblings of children with autism developed autism, with males having a significantly higher risk than females. The study also showed an increased risk for male infants with two older siblings who have autism, at over 32%
A large international multi-site study found the recurrence risk of autism in younger siblings to be substantially higher, with a combined estimated risk of nearly 19%. The risk is especially elevated among male infants, with over 32% diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder
A study from Massachusetts General Hospital finds that siblings of individuals with both ADHD and emotional reactivity have a significantly greater risk of having both conditions. This suggests that heritable factors influence how we control our emotions, and that ADHD can impact emotional expression beyond classic symptoms.
Young people aged 10-15 report being happier with family situations when mothers are happy, but only 55% of unhappy mothers' kids are 'completely happy'. The happiest children live with two parents without younger siblings and have a positive relationship with their mother.
The Understanding Society publication offers a comprehensive snapshot of UK households, exploring regional, national and international change. Key findings include sibling bullying, employment status and well-being, environmental behavior, relationships between partners, and income.
Research found that one in five high school students reported physically assaulting their partner, peers, or siblings. The study suggests that adolescents who engage in physical dating violence are more likely to also perpetrate violence towards siblings and peers.
Chronic health conditions are widespread among stem cell transplant survivors, with 66% reporting at least one condition and 35% experiencing three or more. Chronic graft-versus-host disease also increases the risk of severe or life-threatening conditions.
A new study suggests that many well-known comets, including Halley and Hale-Bopp, may have formed in orbit around other stars. The Sun is believed to have captured small icy bodies from its sibling stars, creating a reservoir for observed comets.
Red squirrels have been found to adopt orphaned pups from related individuals, challenging the assumption that such behavior is common only among extended family groups. Over two decades of study, researchers observed only five cases of adoption out of thousands of litters born, highlighting the rarity of this altruistic behavior.
A study by UCLA researchers found that children with epilepsy rate their own quality of life as comparable to their healthy siblings, despite parental concerns. The 'disability paradox' suggests that having a chronic disease does not necessarily mean a person is dissatisfied with life.
A study found that restless legs syndrome aggregates in families, with 77% of affected individuals having a family history. Siblings and offspring are at higher risk of developing the condition, indicating potential genetic or environmental influences.
Researchers propose new methods to accurately estimate child and adult mortality rates, improving data collection and analysis. These methods, such as using summary birth history and sibling survival data, aim to address limitations of traditional demographic methods and provide a more reliable understanding of population health trends.