Articles tagged with Comets
A Sydney PhD student has recreated a tiny piece of the Universe inside a bottle in her laboratory, producing cosmic dust from scratch. The results shed new light on how the chemical building blocks of life may have formed long before Earth existed.
Scientists observe violent collisions around young star Fomalhaut, detecting the aftermath of two powerful collisions over a 20-year period. The collided objects are estimated to be at least 60 kilometers across and may have formed planets.
The UVS instrument collected data on the comet's composition, including oxygen, hydrogen, and dust-related features. The unique sunward viewpoint provided a downstream view of the comet's tails, allowing researchers to gain insights into its geometries.
The SPHERE instrument has produced an unprecedented gallery of debris disks in exoplanetary systems, allowing for deductions of smaller bodies. These observations provide a glimpse of the earliest history of the solar system, with small bodies serving as remnants from planetesimals that did not evolve into larger planets.
Scientists from Auburn University have detected hydroxyl gas from interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS, providing insight into the evolution of comets and their chemical composition. The discovery suggests that water activity can occur at large distances from the Sun, challenging current understanding of planetary formation.
Astronomers detected water ice and nitrogen in fragments torn apart from a Kuiper Belt analog, revealing the presence of volatile-rich material. The discovery sheds light on planet formation and the delivery of water to rocky planets.
Researchers suggest that interstellar objects like 3I/ATLAS could become seeds for giant planets, solving a long-standing puzzle about their rarity. By capturing millions of these objects, planetary formation can be sped up, allowing gas giants to form within the lifetime of the planet-forming disc.
Researchers at MSU discovered images of 3I/ATLAS, an interstellar object, two months before its detection, revealing a comet-like tail and activity far from the sun. This finding suggests that comets in other solar systems may release different molecules than those in our own system.
Astronomers discovered a greedy white dwarf star consuming its closest celestial companion at an unprecedented rate. The study found that the super-dense white dwarf is burning brightly due to the mass transfer between the two stars, potentially leading to a massive explosion visible from Earth.
A Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) study proposes a mission to fly by an interstellar comet, providing insights into its properties. The mission aims to determine the comet's physical and compositional properties, as well as its nature of coma.
Researchers have found evidence of cosmic airbursts in ocean sediments and a shallow lake in Louisiana, which may support the Younger Dryas Impact Hypothesis. The discovery suggests that these high-energy events could be more common than previously believed and deserve closer attention.
The Hubble Space Telescope has captured the sharpest-ever picture of the interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS, allowing astronomers to estimate its size and physical properties. The comet's solid, icy nucleus is estimated to be between 1,000 feet and 3.5 miles across.
A newly discovered interstellar object named 3I/ATLAS is likely to be the oldest comet ever seen, possibly predating our solar system by more than three billion years. The 'water ice-rich' visitor is travelling on a steep path through the galaxy and may be over seven billion years old.
Scientists have discovered a planet with a comet-like tail, shedding surface minerals and evaporating away due to its close proximity to its star. The planet is estimated to disintegrate in about 1 million to 2 million years, leaving behind a long and dusty tail.
Researchers discover surface chemistry unlike other centaurs on Chiron, with carbon dioxide and methane gases in its coma. The findings provide insight into the creation of our Solar System's origins and the unique processes producing Chiron's surface composition.
Women with low-risk ductal carcinoma in situ reported similar experiences undergoing active monitoring versus guideline-concordant care. The study found that both approaches had comparable lived experiences during the 2-year follow-up period.
A recent study by MSU researchers doubles the number of known dark comets and identifies two distinct types. Dark comets are near-Earth objects that may contain water, a potential source for delivering materials to Earth necessary for life. The discovery challenges current classification methods for asteroids and comets.
A NASA-led team found that cometary dust affects interpretation of spacecraft measurements, reopening the case for comets like 67P as potential sources of water for early Earth. Researchers discovered a similar molecular signature between comet 67P's water and Earth's oceans.
The final data release from NASA's NEOWISE mission encompasses over 26 million images and nearly 200 billion sources detected by the telescope. The new images showcase the full-sky coverage of the survey, revealing previously unseen regions of cosmic dust where stars are born.
A team at MIT discovered pyrene, a large carbon-containing molecule, in a distant interstellar cloud. The finding supports the PAH hypothesis and suggests that pyrene may have contributed to the formation of our solar system's chemical inventory.
Astronomers have reduced concerns about a potentially hazardous asteroid swarm near Earth after discovering fewer large space rocks than previously thought. The study found only a handful of asteroids, likely less than 14, that fit the large size class, suggesting a smaller parent object and reducing the risk of extinction-level events.
Researchers studied 47 young meteor showers to understand where comets formed in the early solar system. They found that long-period comets often crumbled into gentle accretion conditions, while Jupiter-family comets broke apart under fragmentation, producing diverse asteroid populations.
The study reveals distributed proxies associated with the cosmic airburst across eastern US sites, including platinum and microspherules. Shocked quartz with irregular fractures indicates a low-altitude bolide airburst with pressures and temperatures inconsistent with major crater-forming impacts.
A new study on comets suggests that Kuiper Belt Objects like Arrokoth may contain ancient ices from billions of years ago. Researchers found a domino effect where the object's interior gets colder, preserving volatile gases for billions of years.
A team of researchers from the SETI Institute found that heat is responsible for destroying space pebbles, not high-speed collisions. The study used data from NASA's CAMS camera network to determine the age and trajectory of meteor showers, revealing that thermal stresses cause the particles to break apart as they approach the Sun.
The samples from Wild 2 comet have revealed a record of the solar system's dynamic formative years, shedding light on the events that shaped its history. Researchers have found unusual carbon-iron assemblages and precursors to igneous spherules in the comet material.
Researchers from the University of Cambridge found that comets can deliver intact prebiotic molecules to planets in 'peas in a pod' systems, which are promising places to search for life outside our Solar System.
New studies show that giant gas planets in nearby star systems can prevent life on smaller, rocky planet neighbors by kicking them out of orbit and wreaking havoc on their climates. Researchers found that four giant planets in the HD 141399 system are likely to destroy the chances for life on Earth-like planets.
A new SwRI study posits that the large mounds on Kuiper Belt object Arrokoth are similar in size and shape, suggesting a common origin. This finding supports the streaming instability model of planetesimal formation, where gentle collision speeds allowed objects to accumulate and form Arrokoth.
Researchers found tiny salt crystals in an asteroid sample, indicating the presence of liquid water. The discovery challenges previous assumptions that ordinary chondrite asteroids lack hydrated minerals.
NASA solar observatories have discovered that asteroid Phaethon's comet-like tail is not composed of dust, but rather sodium gas. The findings contradict previous theories and suggest a new explanation for Phaethon's behavior, which is the source of the annual Geminid meteor shower.
Researchers Jennifer Bergner and Darryl Seligman suggest that 'Oumuamua's acceleration can be explained by the outgassing of hydrogen gas as the comet warmed up in the sunlight. The comet's small size allowed for a significant effect, with the tiny push from hydrogen spurted out of ice altering its gravitational deflection around the sun.
Scientists have detected water in the disk forming around a nearby protostar, V883 Ori, using ALMA. The discovery provides evidence that water in our Solar System formed billions of years before the Sun.
The DART mission successfully demonstrates the feasibility of redirecting near-Earth objects like asteroids to prevent large-scale destruction. The spacecraft's impact on Dimorphos, a small asteroid moon, resulted in an orbital change that confirms the viability of asteroid deflection as a planetary defense strategy.
Astronomers propose that X7 is a cloud of dust and gas ejected during the collision of two stars. The object's shape and velocity have changed dramatically as it approaches the black hole, showing significant changes over a relatively short time scale.
A new study suggests that comet impacts can transport oxidants from Europa's surface to its ocean, increasing the probability of finding life. The research model shows that if an impact reaches halfway through the moon's icy shell, meltwater sinks to the ocean, bringing critical chemicals.
A new study of 25 comets has found strong evidence that comet outgassing could be the source of the chemical composition of the early solar system. The research, led by Olga Harrington Pinto, measured the ratio of water, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide gases from comets to test predictions of solar system formation and evolution.
A new study suggests that massive volcanic eruptions were the primary cause of mass extinctions, including the one that wiped out the dinosaurs. The research found a strong temporal connection between flood basalt eruptions and significant climatic events.
Researchers found that topography influences comet surface activity across hundreds of meters, with hotspots observed even on uniform surfaces. The study used Rosetta mission data to track changes in 16 topographic depressions on Comet 67P.
New research from Curtin University reveals that comets may have formed Earth's early continents when the Solar System passed through densely populated areas of the Milky Way Galaxy. The study found a rhythm of crust production every 200 million years matching the system's transit through galaxy arms.
New research by UC Riverside astrophysicist Stephen Kane suggests that Jupiter's four main moons would quickly destroy any large ring formations. This prevents Jupiter from having substantial rings, unlike Saturn. The study provides evidence of catastrophic events in the past through the analysis of ring compositions and shapes.
A team of researchers has discovered a wide range of nitriles, key molecular precursors for life, in the interstellar molecular cloud G+0.693-0.027 near the Milky Way center. The study provides important insights into the chemical ingredients available in the nebula that give rise to our planetary system.
Researchers have identified a series of complex organic molecules at comet Chury, including fragrant molecules like naphthalene and benzoic acid. The findings suggest that comets may have played a role in the emergence of carbon-based life on Earth.
Researchers observed a periodic rocky near-Sun comet, 323P/SOHO, breaking apart due to intense radiation from the Sun. This process, known as thermal fracturing, may explain why there are few such comets in our Solar System.
Researchers from Finland, Canada, and Russia have discovered an unusual, hourglass-shaped dust trail of the comet 17P/Holmes. The particles that formed the dust trail were released by the most powerful outburst by a comet, with the authors developing a new model that realistically describes the evolution of cometary dust trails.
An international team of scientists has discovered 30 exocomets in the β Pictoris planetary system, determining their size range and estimating a similar size distribution to those orbiting the Sun. This discovery sheds new light on the origin and evolution of comets in planetary systems.
A 80-mile wide comet, one of the oldest objects in the solar system, is heading towards Earth at 22,000 miles per hour. The comet's massive nucleus, 50 times larger than most known comets, will pass within 1 billion miles of the sun in 2031.
The estimated diameter of the comet is approximately 80 miles across, making it larger than the state of Rhode Island. The comet's mass is estimated to be a staggering 500 trillion tons.
University of Oklahoma astronomer Nathan Kaib found that distant long-period comets quickly fade away as they pass through the outer solar system near Saturn's orbit. This phenomenon occurs because the Sun's heating is too weak to evaporate water-based ice on these comets, making them invisible to astronomers' searches.
Researchers suggest that asteroid Ryugu could be a relic of an ancient comet due to its high organic content and spinning top shape. The study proposes a simple physical model that fits the observed data, suggesting that comets can leave behind rocky debris in the inner solar system.
Researchers found evidence of a comet's fiery destruction at 11 ancient Hopewell archaeological sites across the Ohio River Valley. The study suggests that the event, which occurred around A.D. 252-383, may have contributed to the rapid decline of the Hopewell culture.
A recent study suggests that a chemical compound called magnesium hydrosilicate, stable at high pressures and temperatures, could have stored water deep within the Earth's mantle during its violent early days. This finding has significant implications for understanding the origin of water on Earth and potentially habitable exoplanets.
A new UNSW Sydney-led study has finally confirmed the mechanism behind comet tails never being green. The team recreated the galactic chemical process in a vacuum chamber and used lasers to break apart dicarbon molecules, proving physicist Gerhard Herzberg's theory correct after 90 years.
A new study reveals how Earth's volatile elements, such as hydrogen, nitrogen, and carbon, were formed through a combination of deep Earth processes, oceans' formation, and meteor impacts. The research suggests that these elements played a crucial role in creating the habitable environment necessary for life to emerge.
A new study reveals that the largest comet, Bernardinelli-Bernstein, was active long before previously thought, with its ice vaporizing and forming a coma. This finding will help determine the comet's composition and provide insight into conditions during solar system formation.
Researchers created a laboratory to simulate comets in space-like conditions, measuring their properties and evolution. The CoPhyLab chamber allows scientists to compare samples and track gas evaporation and particle loss, providing insights into comet formation and solar system history.
Scientists from the University of Münster used precise isotope measurements to determine that the Moon's heavy bombardment 3.9 billion years ago was caused by continuous impacts of leftover asteroids from the main phase of Earth's formation. The study rules out a sudden increase in impact rate due to outer solar system bodies.
A study published in Geology suggests that ancient glassy rocks in the Atacama Desert, Chile, were created by a cometary fireball explosion around 12,000 years ago. The glasses contain minerals with signatures similar to those found in comet samples, providing evidence of an extraterrestrial origin.
A new model by a SwRI-led team applies geologic evidence to understand how oxygen levels in the Earth's atmosphere evolved. The results indicate that large impacts may have contributed to the scarcity of oxygen, delaying its oxidation.
Researchers found asteroid and comet collisions occurred more frequently than thought, potentially delaying oxygen accumulation in the atmosphere. The study suggests that these impacts may have created an 'oxygen sink' that reduced atmospheric oxygen levels.