Articles tagged with Universe
Astronomers observed 22 massive elliptical galaxies using the VLT and Hubble Space Telescope, revealing that star formation in their centers stopped around three billion years ago. The newly discovered inside-out nature of this shutdown may be due to a galaxy's central supermassive black hole or lack of fresh gas.
A team of students and professors is launching rockets to develop technologies that can detect the missing normal matter in space. The project aims to confirm current models of the universe by observing the absorption caused by the intergalactic medium.
Researchers at MIT and Michigan State University have developed a theory explaining how galaxy clusters regulate star formation. The study found that hot intracluster gas cools rapidly, condenses, and collapses to form new stars, but also triggers conduction and precipitation-driven feedback, which prevent excessive star birth.
Researchers suggest the Higgs field's motion may have created a temporary imbalance between particles and antiparticles, resulting in a small excess of matter. This asymmetry is believed to be responsible for the formation of stars and planets, making up most of the universe.
Scientists discuss alternative chemistries of life, exploring possibilities beyond Earth, at the AAAS 2015 Panel. Researchers aim to unravel complex interplay of planetary and biological evolutionary networks.
Researchers designed an X-ray polarimeter, X-Calibur, to study high-energy processes near black holes. The instrument measures X-ray polarization properties to study extreme objects in the Universe.
Recent developments in science suggest universes naturally produce complexity, leading to rational life and moral culture. Kelly Smith's work proposes a universal basis for morality, potentially establishing common ground with extraterrestrial life forms.
A new study by Professor Ulf-G Meißner finds that fundamental physics constants are fine-tuned to allow for the emergence of a life-enabling universe. The researcher used high-performance computers to simulate worlds with altered light quark masses and found that variations up to 2-3% do not prevent the formation of carbon and oxygen.
Researchers at Kavli IPMU revealed that considering environmental effects is crucial for explaining dark matter halo distribution and evolution around galaxies. They confirmed the importance of higher-order nonlocal terms in simulations, allowing for more accurate predictions of dark matter halos' distribution.
The new images show the pillars as eerie, wispy silhouettes against a background of stars, with newborn stars hidden within. The infrared view reveals dense knots of dust and gas at the pillar's ends, underscoring the dynamic and violent nature of star-forming regions.
Researchers recreated isotopes formed when stars explode, shedding light on heavy element creation essential for life. This study helps map the pathway for creating life-supporting elements in the universe.
Scientists have identified an atypical photon emission signal in X-rays from space that could be evidence of dark matter. The anomaly's distribution corresponds to expected patterns for dark matter, and further analysis confirms the findings.
A team of scientists has developed a new way to measure precise distances to galaxies tens of millions of light years away, using the W. M. Keck Observatory. By measuring the physical size of a dusty ring around supermassive black holes, they calculated the distance to the galaxy NGC 4151 with only 10% uncertainty. This method has the ...
Researchers suggest using shallow detectors on Earth's surface or in areas with low energy loss to detect dark matter signals. This approach aims to reduce background noise from cosmic radiation and increase the chances of detecting dark matter particles.
A global picture of the protein universe is crucial to addressing questions about protein evolution and function. The new study provides a first step toward piecing together this picture by analyzing relationships among domains within proteins.
In 1966, Roger Penrose won the prestigious Adams Prize for his essay on space-time structure, while Steven Hawking received an auxiliary prize for his essay on singularities and spacetime geometry. These early awards laid the foundation for their later work on cosmology and black holes.
Researchers analyzed CERN data and found no conclusive evidence that the discovered particle is the Higgs particle. Instead, they suggest it could be a light techni-higgs particle composed of two techni-quarks. This discovery raises questions about the existence of dark matter.
Researchers at Griffith University challenge quantum science foundations with a new theory proposing the existence of interacting parallel universes. This approach could explain quantum mechanics' bizarre phenomena and has potential implications for molecular dynamics and testing the existence of other worlds.
Researchers at CUORE collaboration achieve temperatures approaching absolute zero to study neutrinos, ghostlike particles crucial for matter's existence. The cooled chamber will house an ultra-sensitive detector for rare process called neutrinoless double-beta decay.
Recent findings from the LHCb Collaboration at CERN suggest that Bs meson particles may hold the key to understanding the imbalance of matter and antimatter in the Universe. The research, led by Sheldon Stone, presents a promising new avenue for exploring charge-parity [CP] violation and its implications for particle physics.
A team of scientists has successfully measured radiation leaks in star-forming galaxies, providing new insights into the formation of the first stars and galaxies. The breakthrough method uses a previously developed indicator, allowing researchers to study distant galaxies at longer wavelengths.
The XMASS collaboration has found no significant excess above background noise for bosonic super-WIMPs, ruling out their role as all dark matter. This result constrains light super-WIMP models and suggests alternative explanations for the nature of dark matter.
Researchers used simulations to study primordial supermassive stars that may have exploded as supernovae, leaving no black hole behind. This process could create a distinct observational signature detectable by upcoming telescopes and enrich their host galaxy with heavy elements.
A team of astronomers led by Gastón Folatelli at the Kavli IPMU, University of Tokyo, has found evidence of a hot binary companion star to a yellow supergiant star, which had become a bright supernova. The discovery provides the last link in a chain of observations supporting the team's theoretical picture for this supernova.
The researchers mapped the velocities of galaxies throughout our local universe to define the region where each supercluster dominates. The Milky Way resides in the outskirts of the Laniakea Supercluster, which is 500 million light-years in diameter and contains 100,000 galaxies.
The Milky Way galaxy is part of a new, massive galactic supercluster called Laniakea, which spans 500 million light-years and contains 100,000 galaxies. The discovery clarifies the boundaries of our local Universe and provides new insights into the motion of galaxies.
Scientists use the most sensitive device ever created to measure the quantum jitter of space itself, probing the limits of the universe's ability to store information. The Holometer experiment could reveal whether we live in a holographic universe with 2-D encoded information.
Researchers at Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics propose that silicon-capped hydrocarbons like SiC3H, SiC4H and SiC5H may be responsible for the diffuse interstellar bands. The team analyzed laboratory spectra and theoretical calculations to support their hypothesis.
Astronomers have mapped the mass within a galaxy cluster, MCS J0416.1-2403, more precisely than ever before using unprecedented depth of data from Hubble's Frontier Fields programme. The team identified 51 new multiply imaged galaxies around the cluster, quadrupling the number found in previous surveys.
Astronomers discover that small galaxies orbit in orderly disc-shaped orbits, contradicting computer models. The phenomenon is observed in about 50% of galaxies, sparking a reevaluation of dark matter's nature and the laws of physics.
LUX-Zeplin (LZ) will boost the size and effectiveness of the original LUX technology with a larger xenon detector, aiming to spot Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) as they move through liquid xenon.
Researchers simulate bubble universe collisions to predict observable signatures, ruling out certain models and providing a proof of principle for the multiverse hypothesis. By producing testable predictions, the multiverse model has crossed the line between appealing story and real science.
Researchers detected striking similarities between a recent gamma-ray burst and the expected features from the first stars in the universe. The ultra-long burst is thought to be caused by an explosion from a blue supergiant star, providing evidence for this class of objects.
The book proposes 'Dual Aspect Science' as the adult form of science, which had to wait for computers before it could emerge. This framework recognizes two fundamental kinds of laws of nature: appearance-aspect science (single) and structure-aspect science (dual).
Researchers at Kansas State University have found evidence that the Higgs boson is responsible for generating mass in fundamental particles, such as electrons. This discovery reinforces existing theories and provides new insights into how the universe works.
The BICEP2 collaboration has published nuanced findings on microwave sky patterns, suggesting possible primordial gravitational waves. However, they acknowledge the presence of galactic dust as a potential explanation for the signals.
Two low-cost, car battery-sized Canadian nanosatellites are part of the BRITE-Constellation project, monitoring brightness and color variations of brightest stars. The satellites will uncover clues about star origins, including our Sun and Earth.
A team of astronomers led by Ivana Damjanov has found a treasure trove of compact, densely packed 'red nugget' galaxies in online archives. These galaxies are abundant in the middle-aged universe, providing new constraints on theoretical models of galaxy formation and evolution.
Researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz successfully measured the magnetic moment of a proton for the first time with unprecedented precision. The measurement has far exceeded previous attempts and will contribute to a better understanding of the matter/antimatter asymmetry in our universe.
The EXO-200 experiment searched for Majorana neutrinos, which could explain their mass, but found no evidence. The decay of a radioactive isotope that may only occur if neutrinos are their own antiparticles was tested with unprecedented accuracy.
A new study reveals that red dwarf planets may be stripped of their atmospheres due to harsh space weather, making life potentially even rarer. The extreme environment also triggers spectacular aurorae, but would lead to constant darkness and hurricane-force winds.
Scientists from RIKEN have directly measured the proton's magnetic moment with record precision, resolving one of physics' deepest mysteries. This achievement could help explain the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe.
Researchers are using rare cosmic explosions called supernovae to measure dark energy, aiming to gain insights into its composition and impact on the universe. By studying these events, scientists hope to refine their understanding of this enigmatic force and its role in shaping the cosmos.
Recent HADES experiments have ruled out the U boson as a potential Dark Matter candidate, but the search continues. The negative results challenge the Standard Model of particle physics and leave room for further investigation into physics beyond the current understanding.
A team of scientists observed a supernova in 2010 and proposed it was a new type of extra-bright supernova. However, further analysis revealed the presence of a lens that amplified the supernova's light, settling an important controversy. The discovery offers a means to test cosmic expansion using future lensed supernova events.
Connor Richards, a second-year undergraduate student at UC Riverside, has won the Barry M. Goldwater Scholarship for his research in high-energy physics. He is participating in research at the Large Hadron Collider to detect evidence of supersymmetry and understand dark matter.
Researchers propose that dark energy is a dynamic quantum vacuum energy, not quintessence or phantom fields, explaining accelerated cosmic expansion. This explanation resolves the cosmological constant discrepancy and simplifies the problem compared to quintessence and phantom fields.
Theories predicting particles smaller than the Higgs particle are now more likely due to a critical review. Researchers found no new weaknesses in these theories.
Scientists studying the closest, brightest supernova in decades discovered it exhibited unusual characteristics, including rapid brightening. The findings may provide new clues to how stars explode and improve distance measurements, constraining the nature of dark energy.
Researchers at MIT have proposed an experiment using distant quasars to determine the settings of particle detectors, which could close the 'free will' loophole and provide evidence for quantum mechanics. This setup would utilize the oldest light in the universe to eliminate potential biases.
Renowned physicist Lawrence Krauss believes science fiction is not a match for reality. He argues that science fiction often fails to capture the complexity of scientific discoveries. Meanwhile, Krauss suggests exploring real-world applications of science fiction concepts, such as warp drive and teleportation, which may be possible in ...
Numerical simulations charting the universe's forces in its first hundreds of millions of years reveal subtle effects governing galaxy evolution, including incomplete mixing and chaotic supernova ejections. The findings shed light on metal formation and distribution in the earliest galaxies.
The James Webb Space Telescope is nearing completion, with all 18 primary mirror segments and four science instruments delivered to NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. The telescope will be the most powerful space telescope ever built, capable of observing distant objects in the universe.
Researchers measured the electric dipole moment of electrons to probe the Standard Model's limitations. Their results suggest that supersymmetric particles may not exist as predicted, leaving gaps in our understanding of dark matter and the universe.
New calculations confirm the universe may collapse, with a higher risk than previously thought. A phase transition in the Higgs field could lead to a violent process where particles become extremely heavy and the universe ceases to exist.
A new study by Smithsonian researchers at Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics shows that iPad-based simulations improve student understanding of astronomical scale, compared to traditional classroom instruction. Students grasped the concept more effectively when using iPads to explore 3-D simulations of the universe.
Researchers at the University of Washington and Stony Brook University have discovered a potential link between quantum entanglement and wormholes. The study suggests that entangled particles may be connected by hypothetical features of space-time that could facilitate faster-than-light travel.
Astronomers have observed a monster gamma-ray burst in the relatively nearby universe, revealing a giant star with a mass 20-30 times that of the Sun and rapidly rotating. The burst was so powerful that it could be observed for several months, providing insights into the properties of the original star.
Researchers at the University of Delaware part of an international team that observed 28 high-energy particle events coming from cosmic accelerators, possibly exploding stars or accreting black holes. The discovery marks the first solid evidence of neutrinos originating from sources outside our solar system.
A new study by Dartmouth researchers eliminates a controversial theory that the universe's accelerating expansion is an illusion. They used Big Bang afterglow to show that Earth has no special place in the expanding universe, eliminating the possibility of a cosmic center.