Researchers at Ohio State University have developed a new process to create near-net-shaped ceramic parts without shrinking or changing shape. The method uses a mixture of ceramic and metal powders, which oxidize to form ceramics with desired properties.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that intervention and participation techniques led to successful decisions 90% of the time, but were used in only 13% and 16% of cases respectively. Meanwhile, managers relied on less effective tactics like issuing edicts, which was used in nearly 40% of cases.
A national study finds that doctors are increasingly prescribing ACE inhibitors to heart attack patients, but still underprescribing them to those most in need. The study suggests that following American College of Cardiology guidelines could have saved up to 1,800 lives in the first year.
A new study published in the Astrophysical Journal Letters finds that a review of thousands of nearby stars failed to show any rogue stars capable of altering comet orbits and sending them towards Earth. The researchers used the HIPPARCOS catalogue, which measures the location and motion of over 120,000 stars, and found no evidence of a
The Naval Medical Center in San Diego has successfully tested a technique that restores hearing loss if administered within hours of exposure to loud noise, and can also 'inoculate' users against hearing loss. The technique uses micro-devices to deliver antioxidant pharmaceuticals that protect hypersensitive hair cells.
Researchers at Penn State have identified new molecular players involved in gene expression and discovered unexpected dynamics among these molecules. The study reveals how these molecules interact with each other to activate genes, shedding light on the complex process of gene regulation.
Researchers have visualized chaotic flows in three dimensions, revealing regular islands formed by unmixed liquid streams. The study's findings could lead to improved mixing conditions in various industries, including chemical companies and geophysics.
New research shows that social stress can trigger a dormant herpes virus to reactivate in mice, with the most dominant mice being affected. The study provides a valuable animal model for studying the relationship between stress and immunity, and may have implications for human health.
A study published in The Journal of Biological Chemistry found that aspirin can short-circuit the
Researchers discovered a gene-toxin link that may increase the risk of dementia in Parkinson's patients. The study found that exposure to pesticides and a defective gene called CYP 2D6 29B+ increased the likelihood of developing dementia, particularly among those with Parkinson's disease with dementia (PD+D).
The USGS presents various studies on invasive species, including a workshop on non-native plant invasions and their impact on native ecosystems. Additionally, researchers discuss the effects of grazing on plant species diversity and find that habitat conditions play a significant role in shaping species variation.
Physicists have achieved head-on collisions between electrons and positrons at the Asymmetric B Factory, a $177 million particle collider. The dual-ring machine will help researchers study the differences between matter and antimatter.
A 1996 hurricane study found that recovery rates increase with dispersal ability and size, while larger organisms are more resistant to moderate disturbance. The researchers also discovered that tidal surges can cause devastation on low-lying islands.
Research found an association between childhood-onset schizophrenia and large CAG/CTG repeats in male patients. The study confirms previous findings on adult-onset schizophrenia but notes a gender-specific link. Further studies are needed to confirm these results.
Researchers identified a strong association between a 12 bp mutation in a newly discovered X-chromosome gene and X-linked mental retardation. The mutation was found in 7 percent of all institutionalized mentally retarded males surveyed, as well as in higher frequency among those with Autism.
Researchers investigated whether a specific serotonin transporter gene polymorphism is associated with psychosis and hallucinations in schizophrenia. Patients with the ll genotype had significantly higher ratings for psychosis and increased intensity of hallucinations compared to those with other genotypes.
Researchers discovered that cooling papers to 10 degrees Celsius reduces decomposition rates by six-fold, making it an effective method for preserving documents. This technique could extend the shelf life of valuable books and papers by hundreds of years, potentially saving them from degradation.
Researchers from UC Davis and Washington University found that larger organisms were more resistant to hurricanes' immediate impact, but the most prolific ones recovered faster. After a year, lizard populations had not changed, while spider numbers returned to pre-hurricane levels.
A new diagnostic technique has been found to distinguish benign breast abnormalities from breast cancer in pre-menopausal women. The test, called the Biofield Diagnostic System, performed best in this age group, with a high sensitivity and specificity rate.
A chemist at Washington University has created a molecule that mimics the behavior of ribozymes, acting as a catalyst to dismantle dangerous genetic codes involved in viral and fungal diseases, certain cancers, and HIV. The discovery shows great promise for improved drug treatments.
Researchers at the University of Chicago have discovered a new protein, calgranulin, that can prevent the formation of kidney stones in minute amounts. Calgranulin is present in the kidney and human urine and can stop the growth of calcium oxalate crystals, the major component of kidney stones.
Researchers identify three key genes, swirl, somitabun, and snailhouse, that control dorsoventral patterning in zebrafish embryos. The study reveals a new understanding of the biochemical pathways involved in embryonic development, shedding light on birth defects in humans.
Researchers have found that acyclovir significantly reduces the number of recurrences of ocular herpes disease, a condition affecting 400,000 Americans each year. The study identified patients who would benefit most from long-term acyclovir treatment and showed the drug has few side effects.
Researchers found that alendronate significantly increased bone mineral density at the spine and hip in men and women taking steroids, reducing fracture risk. The study showed improved outcomes for post-menopausal women receiving 10mg of alendronate.
Researchers have successfully adapted a strain of E. coli bacteria to survive on a diet that includes fluorotryptophan, a synthetic amino acid that is toxic to Earth-based life. After multiple generations, the microbes developed mutations that enabled them to cope with the artificial compound and thrive.
A permanent international radioecology laboratory was established in Chernobyl to study the effects of radiation on wildlife and ecosystems. The lab aims to dispel myths about life in radioactive environments, revealing a thriving ecosystem with subtle yet significant impacts.
Researchers found shrimps detect trout chemical odour from upstream by creating tiny currents. This strategy allows shrimps to escape brown trout ambushes. Shrimps can sense trout presence through vision but not smell, and create backflow to avoid predation.
A study in Detroit is testing whether extra pharmacist attention can keep patients with hypertension on track. Pharmacists are checking blood pressure, watching for side effects, and suggesting medication changes to doctors.
Researchers confirm reptation theory of polymer behavior, showing hot chains coil back and snap forward, leaving a telltale signature. The study suggests stronger composite materials and welded plastic seams, with potential applications in aircraft, medical devices, and consumer products.
A University of Colorado at Boulder chemical engineering team has developed new techniques for faster healing of severe bone fractures and regeneration of cartilage in joints. The process uses ultraviolet light to create custom scaffolds that can be engineered to time-release medications and human-growth factors.
A recent study highlights the importance of delivering bad news effectively to patients with cancer and other serious illnesses. The findings emphasize that withholding information or breaking bad news abruptly can exacerbate distress, while honest and empathetic communication can lead to better adjustment in the long term.
A study by Johns Hopkins School of Public Health found that one APOE variant can predict the age of onset for Alzheimer's disease in those predisposed. The research suggests that lifestyle choices may be protective against the disease.
Researchers identified Munc13-1 as a novel diacylglycerol target that regulates neurotransmitter release from nerve cells. This study reveals a new mechanism for neurotransmitter release beyond the well-known role of Protein Kinase C.
Researchers from CU-Boulder are part of a major international project to understand climate change trends in the Arctic and its impact on global temperatures. The Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean project uses aircraft, satellites, ships, and submarines to study interactions between sea ice, atmosphere, and clouds.
Researchers have identified a genetic link between the stargazer gene and calcium channel defects in absence epilepsy. The Cacng2 gene produces a defective protein that disrupts normal brain function, leading to abnormal neuron firing and seizures.
Researchers at Ohio University and Pennsylvania State University found molecular changes in muscles within 2-4 weeks of weight training. The study suggests that even limited workouts can induce significant changes in hormone production and protein expression.
A University of Michigan study suggests that post-retirement changes in life satisfaction are common and influenced by the size of a person's social support network. Recently retired individuals with larger networks tend to be more satisfied, while those with smaller networks may experience decreased life satisfaction.
A new study by Armin Bunde and colleagues found that temperature correlations persist worldwide, with a universal exponent gamma of -0.65, holding for at least a decade and potentially centuries.
A computer simulation model of a tsunami wave shows how energy spreads out over hundreds of miles as it travels through deep ocean water. The model is used to estimate impact force on structures and reduce damages caused by tsunamis.
Recent progress in Over-The-Horizon (OTH) radar technology is reviewed, including advancements in detection and tracking systems. Key findings include improved capabilities in clutter-dominated environments and the development of advanced algorithms to mitigate distortion mechanisms.
A new Ohio University study reveals that the political makeup of Congress and the party affiliation of the president play a significant role in shaping Supreme Court justices' rulings in criminal cases. The research found that liberal decisions by the court mirrored Democrats' influence, while conservative decisions were more prevalent...
The Department of Energy has developed two breakthrough devices, ARSA and RASA, to detect nuclear detonations by analyzing the atmosphere for radioactive material. These systems enhance the ability of the US and international community to detect and confirm nuclear explosions.
A team of Australian scientists has made a world-first discovery by describing the structure of a vital receptor found on the surface of body cells in all animals, including humans. This breakthrough has major implications for understanding growth and development, as well as diseases such as diabetes and cancer.
A Purdue University study reveals that a virus uses six RNAs to create a motor that transports DNA, facilitating the development of nanoscale devices. The research also improves scientists' understanding of how cells transport large molecules through membranes.
Scientists at NIST have successfully used an advanced measurement technique to study the evolution of complex defect structures in deformed metals. This breakthrough could lead to more accurate computer models that help manufacturers save hundreds of millions of dollars annually by reducing trial and error.
Scientists at Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research discovered a plant gene called EIR1 that plays a critical role in root growth towards the earth in response to gravity. The findings may lead to new strategies for enhancing food production, particularly in arid climates.
Scientists have found that a marine snail venom extracts can prevent serotonin from acting on a specific receptor in African toad eggs, which is also found in the human brain. This discovery could provide insight into regulating nerve cell behavior and designing new drugs to control serotonin's actions.
The Hilary Koprowski Endowed Professorship will provide long-term support for renowned scientists, setting a precedent for additional endowed professorships at The Wistar Institute. Established in honor of Dr. Koprowski's contributions to medical research, the chair aims to advance vaccine development and cancer research.
Researchers created a mathematical model that builds on current FAA ground-holding policies, aiming to reduce cost and improve efficiency in air traffic management. The model has been partially implemented in Europe and shows a potential improvement of up to 30 percent in reducing congestion.
Researchers discovered a specific code that unlocks T cell activation, preventing immune cells from attacking the body's own cells. The code is: B1, C2, A1, A2, B2, C1.
Researchers have calculated that carbon-36 fullerenes may become superconducting at significantly higher temperatures than other carbon structures. The materials' unique bonding configurations and electron-phonon coupling mechanisms could enable superconductivity at temperatures up to three times higher than those of C-60.
Researchers found that depression is associated with erectile dysfunction (ED) in men, with moderate to complete ED occurring almost twice as often in those with depressive symptoms. The study used data from the Massachusetts Male Aging Study and found a significant link between ED and depressive symptomatology.
A cross-cultural study of over 1,200 Japanese women aged 45-55 found significantly lower reports of hot flashes and night sweats compared to American and Canadian women. The study suggests that biological and cultural variables contribute to the differences in menopause experiences.
The American Sociological Association Annual Meeting will focus on addressing inequality and its impact on social policy. Prominent sociologists and policymakers will share research findings on topics such as affirmative action and healthcare, highlighting the need for evidence-based solutions.
Giorgia Gri, a Wistar Institute visiting scientist, has received a $25,000 fellowship award from the American-Italian Cancer Foundation to study the regulation of Interleukin-12 receptor b2 chain expression. Her research aims to develop safer and more effective IL-12 therapies against cancer.
A University of Florida study suggests that believing in one's ability to improve memory can significantly impact memory performance. The research found that older adults who accepted the idea that their memory could be improved were more likely to use effective strategies, leading to better memory outcomes.
A University of Florida neuroscientist has discovered a mutant gene in chickens that helps researchers better understand a rare human eye disease called Leber's congenital amaurosis type I. The chicken model is being used to develop a form of gene therapy for treating the disease, which affects 100,000 to 200,000 people worldwide.
A recent study found that black teen-agers with severe asthma are three times more likely to be steroid-resistant compared to their white counterparts. The study also revealed that children with steroid-resistant asthma are more likely to be African-American and require larger amounts of oral steroids.
Scientists have discovered that interleukin-12 (IL-12) can trigger the production of a protein called interferon-gamma (IFN-), which blocks tumor-induced angiogenesis. This finding suggests that tumor cells may be able to produce their own antiangiogenic elements, potentially leading to new cancer therapies.
Researchers have found a new class of isotope fractionation effects that violate the simple rule of mass dependency. The discovery was made in an effort to explain anomalous excesses of oxygen-17 in atmospheric CO, which has been observed at various air monitoring stations.