Researchers have discovered a way to reprogram cells, enabling the selective expression of genes. This breakthrough could lead to new treatments for diseases by harnessing this technology to turn off or on specific genes in different cell types.
Pregnant women infected with HIV can reduce the risk of transmitting the virus to their infants by about 50 percent if they deliver by elective cesarean section before labor and membranes rupture. The study found that c-sections cut mother-to-child HIV transmission by at least 50 percent.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center found that simultaneous bone marrow infusions at lung transplantation significantly reduced obliterative bronchiolitis, a marker for chronic rejection. The study showed a 25% reduction in chronic rejection incidence among recipients who received bone marrow infusions.
The regional climate change model suggests a 50% decrease in snow cover over Washington state and warmer temperatures, while also increasing winter precipitation. The impacts on water resources could be significant, with less snow melt in the spring and reduced stream flow for irrigation.
A team of scientists has developed a superconducting device capable of detecting infrared light at previously off-limits wavelengths, offering remarkable speed and sensitivity. The device, known as a hot-electron photodetector, can recognize changes in light signals as fast as 25 billion times each second.
Research suggests tart cherries' anthocyanins can prevent oxidative damage and inhibit inflammatory enzymes, rivaling commercial antioxidants like vitamin E. Daily consumption of 20 tart cherries may provide anti-inflammatory benefits for pain relief from arthritis and gout.
A study of 254 women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) found that 7.5% had undiagnosed diabetes, compared to 1% in the general population. Insulin resistance is a key factor in PCOS-related glucose intolerance and diabetes risk.
A commercially available additive can double the life of concrete bridge decks and lower costs by enhancing resistance to water, corrosion and deicing salt. The study found that bridge decks constructed with the additive had less tendency for water or salts to intrude into the concrete.
Researchers successfully treated genetically modified mice with Parkinson's disease using gene therapy, restoring motivation to eat and drink. The study suggests a potential treatment strategy for patients with Parkinson's disease, eliminating the need for daily L-dopa treatments.
A study by Duke University researchers found that Medicare patients treated at major teaching hospitals have better survival rates for common conditions like hip fractures, stroke, and coronary heart disease. However, these facilities cost the Medicare program more than non-teaching hospitals.
A new heat-health watch/warning system will be installed in Rome by summer 2000, giving health officials up to 60 hours' notice of deadly weather. The system has already protected people from killer heat in Philadelphia and Washington D.C., and may be launched in Shanghai and other cities if effective.
Researchers identified SLBP1 and SLBP2 proteins in frog oocytes, which act as biochemical switches triggering histone synthesis crucial for embryogenesis. The study provides new insights into the process of embryogenesis and its relation to stored RNA activation.
New radio observations reveal that black holes in galaxies can be fed with gas, while the surrounding material remains intact. In NGC1097, a barred galaxy with a massive central black hole, researchers found that gas flows towards the black hole through a shock front, which is then redirected along the bar by magnetic fields.
Marie Filbin's research discovery reveals a way to overcome the inhibiting function of MAG and other molecules that prevent axon regrowth after injury. By priming neurons with neurotrophins, she reverses inhibition and enables regeneration.
The James S. McDonnell Centennial Fellowships recognize scientists and scholars whose work will significantly contribute to knowledge development and its application. The winners, selected from five categories, will receive $1 million fellowships to support their research.