A team of researchers used the High Energy Transmission Grating to study a powerful gas flow surrounding a giant black hole. The wind is driven by intense radiation and contains elements such as oxygen, neon, magnesium, silicon, sulfur, argon, and iron.
Dr. Yoav Horn founded the West Bank Cancer Program in 1978, helping to establish two oncology treatment centers and train Palestinian physicians. The program improved early cancer treatment and saved lives, according to data from a computerized registry of over 7,000 patient records.
Research finds African Americans and others with lower education and income levels have delayed access to HAART, highlighting the need for improved healthcare services. Traditional vulnerable groups, including injection drug users and minority populations, are less likely to receive timely treatment.
A Cornell University study reveals that a naturally occurring disease can regulate a wildlife population, with house finches experiencing a dramatic drop in numbers after an epidemic began. The research provides insight into the dynamics of other host/disease systems and has implications for understanding diseases like AIDS.
Researchers at Georgia Tech have developed a new method for detecting buried land mines by using sound waves to create tiny soil disturbances and precision radar to measure the resulting movement. This technique can differentiate between mines and other buried objects, reducing false alarms and increasing detection accuracy.
John J. Ney received the 1999 Outstanding Achievement Award from the American Fisheries Society for his long-term research on reservoir fish communities and their trophic relationships. His work has significantly impacted fisheries productivity, particularly in manmade waterbodies.
Air New Zealand won the INFORMS Edelman Award for its optimized crew scheduling project, which improves passenger service and reduces costs by over $15.6 million annually. The project uses advanced optimization methods to efficiently utilize crew resources, addressing a significant issue faced by airlines.
Dr. Robert Pinkel, a leading researcher in acoustical oceanography, has received the prestigious Walter Munk Award for his groundbreaking contributions to Doppler methods and sector scan sonar technology. His work has significantly advanced our understanding of small-scale ocean structure.
A new study suggests that biofeedback training can significantly reduce the number, intensity, and duration of migraines in children. The training helps children learn to control their brain's slow cortical potentials, reducing the likelihood of future migraines.
A recent UI study found that long-term exposure to radon in the home is associated with an increased risk of lung cancer. The study, which included 1,027 Iowa women, found that close to 60% of homes exceeded the EPA's action level for radon, leading to a significant increase in lung cancer risk.
Jeppesen Sanderson was awarded the Franz Edelman Award for its successful implementation of optimization-based decision support tools, resulting in annual cost reductions of $3 million. The company achieved this through flexible planning and technology management, strengthening its competitive position and increasing operating profits.
Ford's Prototype Optimization Module (POM) reduced prototypes by one fourth, cutting weeks and millions of dollars from development. The module also promoted wider customer-oriented dialogue among design and test engineers and management.
Nine companies have been selected to participate in a $15 million NASA Research Announcement effort titled the Second Generation Reusable Launch Vehicle Risk Reduction Definition Program. This research will explore possible Earth-to-orbit launch vehicles, in-space orbit transfer vehicles, and ground and flight operations.
The FAA was recognized by INFORMS for its Ground Delay Program Enhancement project, which has reduced delays by 90,000 hours and saved the airline industry over $150 million. The project uses collaborative decision-making tools to allocate arrival slots and issue ground delays.
A recent DOE study suggests adopting new command and control software to predict future energy demand, potentially averting major power emergencies. The software tools would include various mathematical models to simulate load flow, weather factors, and contingencies, helping to stabilize the grid and prevent outages.
A new study on tropical trees shows that most species are clumped together, rather than randomly dispersed, across the landscape. The findings have significant implications for designing nature reserves, selecting native trees to reforest degraded areas, and determining biologically sustainable harvest rates for timber.
IBM was recognized by INFORMS for its supply chain management project, 'Matching Assets with Demand in Supply Chain Management with PROFIT at IBM Microelectronics.' The project improved asset utilization by $80 million and customer responsiveness to under one day. The award is the second time IBM has received this honor.
A study published in Radiology found that Gulf War veterans experienced significant brain-cell loss, particularly in the brain stem, right basal ganglia, and left basal ganglia. The loss of functioning brain cells was linked to various symptoms, including joint pain, fatigue, dizziness, and mental confusion.
Researchers from the University of Toronto and Texas A&M University suggest that a belt of open water near the equator may have supported life during the Snowball Earth era. This region could have provided refuge for early multi-celled animals, enabling them to survive and thrive in the face of extreme climate conditions.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases has launched a global network to develop and test preventive HIV vaccines. The network, known as the HIV Vaccine Trials Network (HVTN), will provide a comprehensive framework for conducting clinical trials globally.
The partnership aims to create lightweight materials using distributed porosity technology, improving fuel efficiency, safety, and comfort. The collaboration will also develop manufacturing systems and facilities for commercial-scale production of RMT-based products.