Researchers found high concentrations of discharged microbes in ballast water from ships arriving at Chesapeake Bay ports. The study highlights the need for greater concern about biological invasions and emergent diseases, as non-indigenous microorganisms can cause significant ecological and disease processes.
Experts warn of a high risk of 700-800 deaths in US airport runway collisions over the next two decades. The study, which analyzed data from 1983 to 2022, found that most fatal accidents involved large jet planes and occurred during reduced visibility conditions.
Women who repeatedly gain and lose weight, especially if obese, have lower HDL or
A one-year study found that moderate vitamin E supplementation can slow the oxidation of LDL cholesterol in diabetics, reducing their risk of cardiovascular disease. The authors suggest that uninterrupted long-term supplementation may be preferable over short-term 'cures' using high-doses or intravenous administration.
Adults exposed to Dutch famine in utero exhibit abnormal lipid profiles, with significantly higher total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels. Maternal malnutrition in the first trimester permanently alters offspring lipid profiles later in life.
An interactive computer game can save lives by teaching potential heart attack victims to react swiftly at the first sign of a heart attack. The HEART-SENSE Game, developed by Barry G. Silverman and John Holmes, uses virtual personas and quizzes to educate users about early warning signs and the importance of calling 911.
The University of California, San Francisco strongly rejected claims made by a company that attempted to block publication of an important AIDS research study. The study found no evidence of clinical benefit for the drug HIV-1 Immunogen in boosting the immune system of patients with HIV-1.
Experts at UNC-CH School of Social Work are developing a social development program called Making Choices to strengthen children's social skills and reduce peer rejection, alienation, and aggression. The program aims to teach children conflict resolution skills and foster enduring friendships in multicultural peer groups.
The University of Pittsburgh is conducting a study on transplant patients who have been off immunosuppressive drugs for up to 6.6 years, aiming to identify potential tests for transplant tolerance. The study may lead to breakthroughs in understanding and managing autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
The DIRECT programme aims to establish whether candesartan cilexetil can prevent and treat diabetic retinopathy. The trial will investigate the effect of RAS blockade on diabetic patients with and without retinopathy.
A study of 24 postmenopausal women found no significant differences in resting metabolic rate (RMR) between those who lost weight and a control group. Despite average weight loss of 13 kg, the subjects regained an average of 10.9 kg after energy balance was restored.
A new brain imaging study found that people with schizophrenia exhibit distinct brain changes at the earliest stages of the illness, potentially identifying warning signs and preventing development. The research suggests a role for brain imaging in pinpointing early signs and may lead to preventive psychiatry.
The American Federation for Aging Research (AFAR) has launched Infoaging.org, a new website offering easy access to authoritative research on aging. The site aims to provide credible information on various aspects of aging, addressing the need for reliable health information among graying baby boomers.
Research suggests a genetic link between dopamine D4 receptor gene polymorphism and attachment disorganization in infants, with extensive disorganized behavior observed in up to 80% of high-risk infants. The study's findings imply a genetic susceptibility to the collapse of organized attachment under stress.
Post-menopausal women who consume moderate amounts of alcohol (2-4 drinks per week) have significantly higher bone mineral density than those who do not drink. The study found that lower levels of parathyroid hormone and increased estrogen levels were associated with the positive effect on bone health.
A large randomized trial evaluating a compound intended to boost the immune response of HIV patients showed no effect on slowing disease progression. The study, led by UCSF and Harvard researchers, defied the sponsor's attempt to block publication, affirming the University's right to publish unfavorable or neutral research findings.
A new study by University of California, San Francisco researchers highlights the need for clear guidelines to manage potential conflicts of interest in academic research. The study found that nearly eight percent of UCSF scientists reported financial ties to industry sponsors in 1999, with complex relationships being seen as problematic.
The NIH-NSF Ecology of Infectious Diseases initiative aims to understand ecological relationships between human-induced environmental changes and infectious disease emergence. The research projects will study the effects of habitat destruction, biological invasion, and pollution on disease risks in humans and animals.
A Cornell University study reveals a significant decline in employment among working-age Americans with disabilities, with most experiencing a loss of economic ground despite receiving higher Social Security disability payments. The researchers argue that new national policies are needed to reintegrate young people with disabilities in...
The paper attributes the decline in homicide since the early 1990s to changes in drug markets, police response to gun carrying by young males, and economic expansion. Fewer handguns were used in homicides, especially among juveniles and young adults.
A six-month group exercise program with supervised aerobic exercise and relaxation training reduced depression in obese women by half. The study found no significant weight loss, highlighting the need for long-term behavioral changes.
Jan Lohmann and Thomas Bosch report a discovery of the novel peptide HEADY, which acts as a potent inducer of head formation in lower metazoans. Grafting experiments show that HEADY induces a secondary head in Hydra tissue, revealing its role as a developmental switch for axis specification.