A study found that adults with persistent developmental stuttering (PDS) have significantly larger right and left temporal lobes, and more irregularities in brain shape compared to controls. Sex and writing hand preference were also linked to anatomic features.
Small-scale human disturbances, such as heavy vehicle use and recreation, are reducing species diversity in Arctic ecosystems. The study found that these disturbances can cause lasting changes, including melting permafrost and decreased plant biodiversity.
A new analysis of 27 studies reveals that depression is associated with increased numbers, severity and ratings of diabetes complications. The study suggests a complex relationship between depression and diabetes, where underlying mechanisms may be influenced by biological, social and psychological variables.
A systematic review of literature found an association between positive expectations and improved outcomes in myocardial infarction, cardiac surgery, chronic pain, and psychiatric conditions. The mechanisms behind this association are still uncertain, with questions surrounding causality versus prediction.
A panel of seven renowned experts, including Henry Black and Jay Cohn, reviewed RESPeRATE's progress and results from six clinical studies. The board expressed excitement about the potential for breathing exercises to modify the cardiovascular system and further evidence of RESPeRATE's effectiveness as a non-drug option to lower high b...
A new study published in Psychosomatic Medicine found that African-Americans who report higher levels of religious belief have lower blood pressure. The study measured blood pressure and 'religious coping' in 155 participants and found a significant relationship between the two, with African-Americans experiencing lower blood pressure.
A recent study published in Conservation Biology found that moderate cattle grazing has little to no effect on Texas tortoise populations. The researchers compared tortoise populations in grazed and ungrazed pastures and found no differences in abundance, size, growth rate, or adult survival.
Paul Ehrlich was named Eminent Ecologist by the Ecological Society of America (ESA) in 2001. The award recognizes his groundbreaking work on population biology and coevolution. Ehrlich is a leader in developing conservation biology as a discipline.
A study found that elderly nursing home residents receiving hospice care through Medicare are less likely to be hospitalized in their last days of life compared to those without such care. Hospice care improves the quality of life and reduces costs for the federal government.
The use of embryonic stem cells is a contentious issue, with proponents arguing that they hold promise for medical breakthroughs. However, opponents claim that destroying an embryo is tantamount to infanticide. Scientists generally favor the use of embryonic stem cells due to their versatility.
Sentinel lymph node biopsy is a promising technique gaining popularity for breast cancer treatment. The new guidelines recommend infrequent surgeons not perform SLN biopsy, and positive results prompt full axillary dissection. However, SLN biopsy is contraindicated in patients with clinically palpable nodes, locally advanced breast can...
A new study reveals that writers who took their own lives used more self-referential words and fewer communication words in their poetry. The research analyzed the works of nine deceased poets and compared them to those of nine non-suicidal peers.
Researchers found that paroxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, was more effective than imipramine or placebo in reducing depression symptoms and improving patient moods. The study involved 275 patients aged 12-18 with major depression.
This study reveals that managers face significant challenges in achieving a work-life balance due to organizational constraints. Women professionals, particularly in banking, often limit themselves to one child, while doctors have more children, suggesting a broader issue beyond gender-specific policies.
The Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT) aims to determine if these two dietary supplements can protect against prostate cancer. The study will include 32,400 men across the US, Puerto Rico, and Canada, and will take up to 12 years to complete.
Conservation biologists leverage NASA's technology for biodiversity conservation projects. Satellite and radar images are used to identify high-biodiversity areas, track changes in ecosystems, and understand the impact of human activities on wildlife populations. These studies have implications for reserve creation and corridor managem...
A study assessing guideline quality found 64.6% needed modification, while drug company sponsorship negatively impacted quality. Efforts to promote well-developed guidelines in Ontario are underway.
The new imaging device provides a larger bore diameter, allowing patients with large or obese bodies to receive scans in treatment position. This enables oncologists to obtain more accurate views of the patient's body dimensions and calculate radiation doses for cancer treatment.
Researchers found that trout can spread a fungus, Saprolegnia ferax, to western toad embryos, leading to high mortality rates. Discontinuing fish-stocking may not be enough to control the spread of this disease, according to the study.
Keeping chickens and dogs out of bedrooms can reduce Chagas disease risk by reducing the bug population, say Science researchers. Removing infected dogs from households nearly wipes out transmission of the parasite.