Researchers discovered that ramoplanin effectively targets bacteria's ability to build cell walls, dodging common mechanisms of mutational resistance. This finding could lead to the development of new classes of antibiotics for treating drug-resistant infections.
Dr. Rita Charon, a Columbia University professor, has been awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship to complete her book on narrative medicine. Her research focuses on the literary and narrative techniques that enable physicians to achieve empathy with patients.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University developed an animal model of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), a disease characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of white blood cells. The model enables scientists to investigate biochemical and molecular mechanisms underlying the disease and test potential new drugs.
Research by Penn State's King found that ever-divorced grandparents live farther away from their grandchildren than married grandparents. Grandfathers report less contact and higher conflict with grandchildren compared to grandmothers. However, a good parent-grandparent relationship can mitigate the negative influence of divorce.
A study by the American Thoracic Society found that non-smoking females with and without asthma experience decreased lung function due to secondhand smoke exposure. High levels of cotinine, a marker of secondhand smoke exposure, were associated with lower lung function in these women.
A study found that B. cereus spores are associated with high numbers of gold-containing soils, suggesting their potential use as a biogeochemical indicator. The method could help geologists locate gold deposits at low cost and efficiency.
Duke University researchers found depression to be a significant predictor of worse quality of life and perceived shortness of breath in patients awaiting lung transplantation. The study suggests that treating depression could improve outcomes after lung transplantation, which could benefit patients with severe lung disease like COPD.
Researchers developed Microbial Anti-attachment Technology (MAT), reducing bacteria attachment by 50-58% compared to traditional soaps. The technology uses three cosmetic ingredients to deposit a thin film on skin, blocking bacteria-binding sites and altering surface properties.
A study by Cornell University's Nicholas Nicastro found that cats use acoustic features to convey urgency and demand, but not true language. Cats have become skilled at managing humans for food, shelter, and affection without using complex language.
A recent study has challenged the long-held notion that African-Americans with prostate cancer have a poorer prognosis than their white counterparts. Researchers found that, when treated within clinical trial settings, African-American patients survived for an average of 15 months, comparable to 14-month survival rates for whites.
The US Preventive Services Task Force recommends screening all adults for depression, according to new guidelines. A Canadian study also found that men and women receive equal treatment for coronary heart disease once their condition is known, challenging previous reports of bias.
Researchers found that mere sight or smell of food spikes levels of dopamine in the brain, a key player in addiction. The study also showed that certain medications can amplify weak dopamine signals, potentially helping with weight management.
The team's new process eliminates toluene and generates less waste, producing a safer and more sustainable herbicide. The award recognizes the contributions of individual researchers at DuPont who worked together to achieve this innovative breakthrough.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have found that revascularization procedures can improve outcomes for lung transplant patients with severe coronary artery disease. The study analyzed 350 lung transplants and showed a 88% survival rate for patients who received combined heart bypass, lung transplant surgeries.
Columbia University Irving Medical Center has received a grant from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation to expand its oral health services for underserved children. The program, led by the School of Dental and Oral Surgery (SDOS), aims to provide comprehensive medical care, including dental services, to children in need. With the suppor...
A three-year study found that choice-based placement policies failed to improve academic outcomes for low-income and minority students due to institutional barriers and student aspirations. Students often preferred familiar low-track classrooms over honors courses, citing role strain and desire for respect.
A survey of oncologists reveals that most enroll patients in clinical trials for access to advanced treatment options rather than advancing future therapy. This challenges the conventional view that research is conducted primarily for scientific progress and improving treatments.
A study by Michigan Medicine found that ER doctors can safely give stroke clot-busters, but patients need to reach the ER quickly. The study showed a complication rate similar to dedicated stroke teams, with 7% serious bleeding complications.
A study of 1,555 adults found that drinking white wine may be beneficial for lung health, with greater lung function observed in those who consumed white wine compared to red wine. The antioxidant flavonoids in white wine are thought to play a key role in this protective effect.
Most Americans are getting less than the recommended daily intake of vitamin E, with almonds being a concentrated source of this essential nutrient. Almonds deliver more nutrition per calorie compared to other snack foods.
Three exceptional researchers have been awarded the Young Minds in CNS Award for their innovative work on residual symptoms in bipolar disorder, serotonin receptors in anxiety disorders, and thalamic neurochemistry in schizophrenia. The $20,000 award will support career development and attendance at international congresses.
The FDA has approved Actonel 35 mg once-a-week for the treatment and prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis, showing a significant increase in lumbar spine bone mineral density at 12 months. The study found that once-a-week dosing is therapeutically equivalent to daily dosing.
Middlecamp has designed programs to increase representation in sciences for women and students of color over the past 20 years. She directs a tutoring center and teaches a course applying chemistry to society, exploring real-world issues.
The USPSTF recommends screening all adults for depression, as five percent to nine percent of adult patients in primary care settings suffer from the condition. Depression can be treated with counseling, medications, or both, reducing health care utilization and costs associated with lost workdays.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have discovered a unique population of muscle stem cells that can be transplanted into mice with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, delivering the key protein dystrophin and improving muscle regeneration. The study suggests these cells may hold promise for treating the genetic disease.
The CONVINCE trial demonstrated that a controlled-onset extended-release calcium channel blocker, COVERA-HS, can provide equivalent effects to standard care therapy in reducing cardiovascular events. The study found that over 84% of patients achieved blood pressure control after medication titration.
Researchers found that African Americans scored lower on neuropsychological tests due to poor educational experiences, but incorporating reading tests addressed this issue. The study suggests that including reading assessments can improve diagnosis accuracy among individuals with diverse educational backgrounds.
Researchers isolated bacteria from Mammoth Cave that produce a substance inhibiting angiogenesis, a process crucial for cancer cell growth. The discovery offers new potential tools in the fight against cancer.
In a Phase I trial, patients receiving recombinant Angiostatin with radiation showed significant tumor regression and minimal toxicity. The findings support the safety of Angiostatin when combined with radiation therapy, paving the way for future trials of combination therapy.
Astronomers have found evidence for dark dwarf galaxies that support the theory of cold dark matter. The study analyzed gravitational lensing effects on distant galaxies, revealing the presence of hundreds of invisible dwarf galaxies surrounding large galaxies.
Researchers are studying prehistoric human footpaths in Costa Rica, which were visible only through satellite images but invisible to the naked eye. The team hopes to uncover insights into ancient settlements, cultural practices, and potential connections between villages.
Researchers identified iron as a key factor in axillary bacterial growth and developed an iron-chelating compound, DTPA, to inhibit bacterial growth. Combining DTPA with butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) showed significant deodorancy benefits by limiting the bacteria's access to iron.
A new wireless imaging test has been developed to identify the source of gastrointestinal bleeding, enabling earlier treatment. The test, using a video capsule, was successful in diagnosing conditions not previously detected by conventional tests in 76% of cases.
A team of researchers from Purdue University and their partners have developed a new manufacturing approach to produce carbon-carbon composites at lower cost. The robotic system uses computer control to precisely deposit carbon fibers, resulting in better part quality and reduced production time.
Dr. Stephen B. Trippel's research involves articular cartilage repair through the use of a naturally occurring growth factor, with laboratory results encouraging for repairing musculo-skeletal tissue. The technique combines gene therapy and tissue engineering to stimulate cartilage-cell growth.
Researchers found that elderly patients with lymph node involvement in colon cancer experienced a 30% reduction in mortality at five years after diagnosis with both chemotherapy and surgery. This contradicts the common assumption that age is a deterrent for these treatments, allowing doctors and patients to make more informed decisions.
A study by Dr. Scott Myers and Dr. Alan Booth found that sons rely on more factors than daughters to become forerunners, with early family life in a two-parent household playing a crucial role. In contrast, women tend to develop egalitarian attitudes through education and entering the workforce.
A study conducted at Brown University found that 33 percent of psychiatric patients, compared to 13 percent of medical patients, reported significant symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Psychiatric patients were more likely to experience trauma-related symptoms such as thinking about the attacks and avoiding reminders.
A study found that drinking white wine recently and over a lifetime was associated with better lung function. The researchers think the antioxidants in wine account for this positive effect. Wine consumption was linked to higher levels of protective antioxidants in the blood, which may help protect lung health.
Researchers at Rockefeller University have discovered that the 'Reaper' protein triggers programmed cell death by instructing a fly cell's principal guard protein, DIAP1, to self-destruct. This finding may lead to novel strategies for targeting immortal cancer cells without harming healthy cells.
Brown, a renowned chemist and educator, has been recognized for her efforts to promote diversity in the chemical workplace. Through various initiatives, she has acted as a mentor and role model for underrepresented groups, serving on committees and participating in programs that encourage STEM education.
Scientists have identified pterostilbene, found in grapes, as having similar anticancer properties to resveratrol and potential antidiabetic benefits. Laboratory tests on cells showed that pterostilbene can prevent cell damage caused by cancer-causing agents.
A new study suggests that an optimistic outlook may improve lung function in men with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Optimism was linked to higher lung function and slower rate of decline in lung function compared to pessimistic individuals, even after controlling for smoking.
Shun C. Fung, a senior engineering associate at ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company, has received the American Chemical Society's Industrial Innovation Award for his work on improving catalyst reuse. His research enabled petroleum companies to capture and reuse expensive catalysts, passing millions of dollars in savings to cons...
Three doctoral-level students and five master's-level students received scholarships to pursue careers in gerontology and aging studies. The program aims to address the lack of financial assistance for students in these fields.
Jawahar C. Parekh, a New Jersey researcher, has developed an ozone-safe antiperspirant that provides better protection at lower application levels and has a longer shelf life. The new propellant reduces the formation of hazardous air pollutants when reacting with the antiperspirant's active ingredient.
A study by the American Thoracic Society found that workers in the food flavoring manufacturing industry may be at risk of developing non-reversible airway obstruction due to exposure to high concentrations of acetaldehyde and capsaicin.
A study published in Nature found that mice without a serotonin receptor gene exhibit anxiety-like behaviors, indicating the gene plays a crucial role in regulating emotional circuitry. The research suggests that anxiety may be laid down during early development, and that adult brains without the serotonin receptor create normal behavior.
Most childhood cancer survivors report general good health, but therapies used to cure the disease may lead to increased risks of impaired pulmonary function, obesity, and depression. Research also highlights disparities in health outcomes among female and brain tumor survivors.
Researchers develop genetic fingerprint technique to distinguish between various subtypes of adult soft-tissue sarcomas, leading to improved diagnosis and targeted therapies. The technology also helps predict patient outcome and resistance to treatment.
A study found that 40% of patients experienced improved lung cancer symptoms after taking the experimental pill ZD 1839, leading to a longer survival and better quality of life. The pill, which targets the epidermal growth factor receptor, was found to be well-tolerated with minimal side effects.
In a phase II trial, bevacizumab slowed tumor growth by two and a half times, with a highly statistically significant effect. The drug targets the angiogenic process, neutralizing VEGF protein to inhibit blood vessel growth and prevent tumor progression.
A new study by UC Davis Cancer Center found that patients need practical information about how to participate in clinical trials. Informed patients are more likely to have autonomy, be satisfied with their treatment, and stick with a clinical trial through its completion.
A new treatment option called TheraSphere appears safe and effective in reducing liver tumors and improving quality of life for patients with advanced stage hepatocellular carcinoma. The novel treatment emits beta rays via microscopic glass beads, delivering a higher dose to the liver than standard radiotherapy.
The study found patients who received the high-dose regimen had significantly longer overall and disease-free survival rates than those who received a lower dose. The company plans to initiate a Phase III trial of GVAX prostate cancer vaccine in the first half of 2003.
The study demonstrated that gemcitabine was well-tolerated in patients with superficial bladder cancer, with no or very low levels of the drug found in plasma samples. The results suggest that gemcitabine may be a suitable alternative to current standard treatments, which often cause toxic side effects.
Researchers have found that a new FOLFOX4 regimen significantly improves outcomes for patients with advanced colorectal cancer, leading to longer survival times and reduced side effects. The regimen has been shown to extend median patient survival by four months and reduce tumor progression time.
Researchers evaluated 407 patients who had surgery to remove their cancer and were at high risk for recurrence. The study found no significant difference between radiation alone and chemotherapy plus radiation in reducing cancer recurrence or improving overall survival rates.
Researchers have developed a new breast cancer therapy that combines heat therapy, chemotherapy, and fat liposomes to deliver drugs directly to tumors. The treatment has shown promising results, destroying tumors and saving patients' breasts from surgical removal.
A study by Philip Breitfeld shows that initial hospital treatment costs can top $75,000 per child, but the average cost per year of life saved is just $2,700. Insurers lack access to data to justify spending on curative cancer therapies, leading to denied payments for high-priced procedures.