In a three-month study, ARICEPT significantly improved cognition and daily living skills compared to Reminyl. The treatment was better tolerated by patients taking ARICEPT, with fewer gastrointestinal adverse events.
Yeung's contribution to the Humane Genome Project in the early 1990s helped turn it into a complete database in less than 10 years. He developed methods to miniaturize capillary electrophoresis, allowing for faster identification speeds and higher electric fields.
A second-stage HIV vaccine trial has started in London and Oxford, recruiting 120 volunteers to assess the vaccine's safety and dosage. The trial aims to establish optimum vaccination schedules and booster injections to prevent HIV infection.
Argonne chemist Thurnauer has made a laboratory version of an energy 'pump' that keeps negatively charged electrons away from positively charged holes. This technology could be used to chemically neutralize toxic compounds, such as hazardous waste, through controlled electron movement.
Researchers found that talking daily with children about their school activities can significantly improve reading and math scores. The study also highlights the importance of fathers' roles in education, suggesting that more involvement can help overcome barriers such as limited resources and cultural differences.
Researchers from the University of Washington and China have sequenced the genetic code for rice, revealing it may have more genes than humans. The complete genome sequence is now available to the public, providing valuable information for scientific research and potentially leading to improved crop yields.
Tucson chemist Ralph Hruby has received a national award for his research on peptides that affect human behavior and addictions. His work on alpha-MSH has shown that small changes in the hormone's structure can lead to significant effects on behavior, including appetite regulation.
An international team of researchers analyzed data from the Michelson Doppler Imager instrument to detect variations in the Sun's interior rotation, which appear to be connected to the 11-year cycle of magnetic activity. The study provides new insights into the solar dynamo and its impact on the Sun's colossal magnetic field behavior.
Thomas C. Werner, a chemistry professor at Union College, has won the 2002 Award for Research at an Undergraduate Institution from the American Chemical Society. He uses undergraduate students as assistants in his research on cyclodextrins and their applications in chemical sensors.
Dai and his team have developed a system to control the synthesis of carbon nanotubes, enabling their use in sensing technologies. One type of nanotube structure shows promise as a sensor for detecting nitrogen dioxide, a common pollutant in vehicle exhaust.
A Los Angeles chemist has won a national award for his groundbreaking research on thin films, specifically monolayers. His technique allows scientists to study these structures at the atomic level, which can lead to breakthroughs in fields like cell membranes and respiration.
T. Don Tilley receives the 2002 Award in Organometallic Chemistry for developing new ways to make chemicals, including flexible semiconductors and reactive building blocks. His research aims to improve semiconductor materials and create new properties through polysilene technology.
Pooled data from two randomised trials show that off-pump surgery substantially reduced in-hospital complications compared to on-pump surgery. The need for blood transfusions was significantly lower, with a reduction of 33%.
Lester, a renowned chemist from Salem, Virginia, has won the ACS E.V. Murphree Award in Industrial and Engineering Chemistry for his pioneering contributions to catalytic converter technology. This innovation has significantly reduced pollutants in automobile exhaust by 99 percent since 1975.
Thomas B. Rauchfuss's research focuses on metal sulfides that act as catalysts, taking sulfur out of oil and coal to reduce acid rain. His work aims to improve the efficiency and understanding of these catalysts to create cleaner fuels.
Bard has made significant contributions to the field of chemistry, including work on scanning electrochemistry microscopy and its applications in studying chemical reactions and biological functions. He is also a dedicated teacher and mentor, having mentored over 200 graduate students and thousands of undergraduate chemistry students.
The StratoSail system uses a wing suspended below the balloon to steer it through wind, enabling maneuvering towards desired regions or away from unfavorable conditions. With NASA funding, this technology aims to increase science observation strategies, safety, and payload recovery for stratospheric balloons.
A study by UC Berkeley's Bruce N. Ames found that megavitamin therapies can effectively treat over 50 genetic diseases, mostly rare metabolic disorders due to defective enzymes. High-dose vitamins, particularly B vitamins like niacin and thiamine, may also improve metabolism in older populations.
Researchers found that lung injuries among mice lacking CD44 receptors developed inflammation that persisted until the receptors were restored. The study suggests a vital link between the CD44 receptor and the body's healing process.
Researchers found that behavior management programs improved sleep in 54% of CBT group participants and 39% in the HART group. These programs teach individuals to reset their 'sleep clock' by adhering to a regular sleep period, reducing daytime naps, and avoiding activities that make it difficult to fall asleep.
The Lancet series highlights the prevalence of gender-based violence worldwide, which accounts for as much death and ill-health in women aged 15-44 years as cancer. The World Bank reports that violence against women is a greater cause of ill-health than malaria and traffic accidents combined.
Researchers found that women who develop preeclampsia have reduced levels of SHBG protein in their first-trimester blood tests. The association remains even in lean or overweight women, suggesting insulin resistance as a true risk factor.
A recent study found that childhood sexual abuse is a top predictor for HIV infection in women, with those who suffered abuse at age 18 being seven times more likely to engage in high-risk unprotected sex. Women who experienced trauma also faced greater economic and social challenges, making them more vulnerable to further exploitation.
Kurt W. Swogger, Dow vice president of research and development, received the American Chemical Society's Earle B. Barnes Award for Leadership in Chemical Research Management. The award recognizes his innovative approach to developing customer-specific plastics using molecular architecture, which has led to increased efficiency and suc...
The sequenced rice genome contains 45,000-56,000 genes, which could provide a roadmap for improving cereal crops like maize, wheat, and barley. The research aims to increase crop yields and vitamin content, addressing global food shortages and hunger.
Giacinto Scoles receives Peter Debye Award in Physical Chemistry for inventing new methods of creating controlled molecular beams, allowing study of chemical reactions in unprecedented detail. These techniques also contribute to the development of better semiconductors with improved performance.
Researchers have discovered a new method to isolate and understand the chemicals released by male sea lampreys to lure females. The study reveals that males release pheromones, not females, to initiate mating, offering potential new strategies for controlling sea lamprey populations.
Dr. Doyle, a prominent chemist, has received the ACS George C. Pimentel Award for his contributions to chemical education. His most notable contribution is a study of 136 schools from 1986-2000 that found only 25% of published papers had student authors.
Ruedenberg's theories describe how molecules' energy states change during reactions, predicting product properties. His contributions help elucidate bond formation between atoms.
Two new studies found a relationship between high cat allergen concentrations in the home and increased asthma symptoms among sensitized women. Researchers also discovered common delays in TB diagnosis and treatment, as well as abnormal pulmonary function linked to bacterial infection in cystic fibrosis patients.
A new study suggests that vitamin C can increase resting metabolism in older adults by combating oxidative stress, potentially leading to a reduction in age-related weight gain and associated diseases. Higher resting metabolic rates have been linked to a lower risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
Chicago chemist James P. Shoffner has been honored with the American Chemical Society's Award for Encouraging Disadvantaged Students into Careers in the Chemical Sciences. Through initiatives like Project SEED, he provides opportunities for young students from inner cities to gain laboratory experience and connect with role models.
Researchers developed a 3D biochip with tiny chemical reactor chambers and microfluidic delivery systems for growing cells and delivering chemicals. This technology enables high-throughput screening of hundreds of thousands of molecules while minimizing toxicity testing on animal models.
A recent study published in The Lancet found that methotrexate treatment significantly improves survival rates among rheumatoid arthritis patients. By reducing cardiovascular mortality, methotrexate may provide a substantial survival benefit, setting a standard for future disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs.
Krzysztof Matyjaszewski's innovative approach to making finely crafted polymers, known as 'living polymerization,' allows for tailor-made structures and properties. His technique enables the creation of complex polymer shapes and arrangements with precise control.
A Minneapolis chemist has won a national award for his work on separating molecules using membranes, which can improve efficiency in distillation processes. His unique approach has also been applied to separate oxygen from water, as demonstrated by an experiment with a dog named Muggins.
Theresa Corley, a Birmingham chemistry teacher, has won the ACS James Bryant Conant Award in High School Chemistry Teaching for her innovative approach to teaching high school chemistry. Her method incorporates real-life scenarios, history, and guest presentations to foster a sense of inquiry among her students.
A Texas A&M chemist has developed new tools to analyze molecules and improve catalyst efficiency. The researcher's work aims to better understand complex catalysts, which are crucial in various industrial processes.
Marshall's work with mass spectrometry has enabled the analysis of complex mixtures such as blood and crude oil, identifying thousands of molecules and creating unique identifiers for oil sources. His techniques have been widely adopted in various industries, including pharmaceuticals and forensic science.
Bipin V. Vora has developed more efficient ways to make chemicals from petroleum, reducing environmental harm. His work on linear alkylbenzenes has improved the manufacture of environmentally-friendly detergents, making them safer for water and wildlife.
Short-course regimens and pre-delivery, labour, and post-delivery therapy significantly reduce HIV-1 transmission rates from mother to child. Triple drug combinations may be even more effective.