Research suggests that defects in 'orphan' inositol polyphosphates may contribute to diseases such as manic depression and cancer. Dr. York's work identifies biological roles for these molecules and provides a basis for designing more specific drugs with fewer side effects.
Researchers are working on developing new treatments for bioterrorism and drug resistance, including the use of bacteriophages to target specific bacteria. Understanding how microbes create biofilms is also crucial in preventing chronic infections.
Researchers discovered genes performing similar tasks in different organs, revealing the existence of peripheral timepieces. These findings could impact postgenomic research and circadian medicine, shedding light on why organs function at different rates.
Researchers discovered two mechanisms by which adenoviruses establish persistent infections: interfering with apoptosis signaling and preventing apoptosis through the Receptor Internalization and Degradation complex. This knowledge could improve the usefulness of adenovirus vectors in gene therapy.
Researchers have identified a specific DNA flanking region that triggers genetic instability in trinucleotide repeat disorders. This finding opens up new therapeutic targets for treating or preventing these diseases, which affect the nervous system and cause conditions such as muscular dystrophy and Fragile X syndrome.
Researchers have discovered that a single genetic mutation can disrupt at least two other genes, leading to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The study found that the mutated gene affects the expression of two contractile proteins necessary for heart contraction. This new understanding may lead to future gene therapy strategies.
Researchers at UIC are testing a new vaccine for advanced prostate cancer, targeting patients with a specific immune type. The vaccine uses a fragment of the protein PSA to stimulate the immune system and destroy tumor cells.
A study published in Archives of Internal Medicine found that young men who express or conceal their anger are five times more likely to experience an early heart attack. The researchers analyzed data from over 1,000 medical students and found that those with the highest level of anger were more likely to develop cardiovascular disease.
A recent study published by the University of Washington's Nutritional Science Program has challenged the long-held notion that colas only quench thirst. The research found that cola soft drinks, along with orange juice and 1% milk, have similar effects on hunger, fullness, and desire to eat in the short term.
Researchers found nicotine shows promise as an antidepressant in a Wistar-Kyoto rat model of depression. The study suggests that nicotine or nicotinic agonists could be therapeutic options for treating depressive illnesses. However, the risks associated with cigarette smoking outweigh any potential benefits.
Researchers using galaxy cluster surveys can measure the equation of state of dark energy, which would provide clues about its nature and origin. By studying scaling relations and X-ray emission, scientists hope to determine the essence of dark energy.
Researchers found that lipitor prevented both acute and relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis-like disease in mice, reversing symptoms in those with chronic relapsing form. Lipitor also reduced CNS inflammation by inducing anti-inflammatory cytokines and suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines.
A study found that patients with depression experience lower disease improvement rates (4.7%) compared to mentally healthy patients (7.4%). Depressed individuals may be more likely to continue smoking and have impaired immune systems, leading to slower wound healing and poorer treatment outcomes.
A national consortium led by Cornell University is proposing a 20-mile-long linear collider to detect the Higgs boson and explore supersymmetry and antimatter. The collider would accelerate beams of electrons and positrons at high energies, providing fundamental details about the origin of the universe.
A recent study found that stress increases anxiety and depression scores in college students with mild allergic asthma, leading to enhanced airway inflammation. In contrast, intravenous sildenafil reversed vascular resistance in an animal model of neonatal pulmonary hypertension, offering new hope for treating this serious condition.
A UNC scientist found that trauma and human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) contribute to the development of Kaposi's sarcoma, a cancer linked to HIV. The researcher also discovered that HHV8 can be detected in saliva prior to disease development, suggesting new treatment possibilities for high-risk individuals.
NC State researchers create polymers that allow larger molecules to pass through, improving both permeability and selectivity. The 'reverse-selective' membranes have potential applications in natural-gas suppliers and petroleum processors.
The PSU/ARL monitor uses advanced signal processing, data fusion, and automated reasoning to estimate working time, physical condition, and causes of failure. It takes into account the physical changes in batteries, such as electrode surfaces and internal processes.
Researchers at USC found a significant correlation between decreased sperm count and motility and increased ozone levels in the air, especially in Southern California. The study analyzed over 8,000 sperm samples from men in Los Angeles and Northern California and suggests that air pollution may be affecting male fertility.
A study of 74 adult patients with sleepwalking found a strong association with the HLA DQB1*05 genetic susceptibility, which also increases muscle activity during REM sleep. Researchers believe treating underlying health issues may help improve or resolve sleepwalking.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center have identified a key signaling pathway involved in the development of precancerous polyps. The study found that blocking this pathway can prevent polyp formation and potentially colon cancer. By understanding how this pathway works, scientists hope to develop targeted treatments.
Research at Cornell University found that cooking tomatoes enhances nutritional value by increasing lycopene content, a powerful antioxidant. Vitamin C levels decrease with heat, but antioxidants in cooked tomatoes increase, potentially reducing chronic disease risk.
Researchers found a strong link between amphibian deformities and parasites, particularly those carried by snails, which thrive in human-altered habitats. The study surveyed over 60% of sites in Oregon, where deformities were linked to the presence of Ribeiroia parasite.
Researchers at Kansas State University have developed a new protective process using phosphates to bond with metal surfaces, preventing corrosion and improving safety. The technology has potential applications in industries such as healthcare, where it could be used to create safer implants.
A new study found a striking connection between malformed amphibians and the presence of Ribeiroia, a parasitic infection. The parasite was linked to limb malformations in over 12,000 amphibians across 11 species, with Pacific treefrogs exhibiting the greatest number of abnormalities.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have successfully simulated the movement of water molecules through aquaporins, ensuring only water passes between cells. The study reveals that water molecules pass single-file and reverse orientation midstream, preventing ion conduction and maintaining cell metabolism.
A double-blind clinical trial of 55 Lyme disease patients with severe fatigue revealed that while ceftriaxone showed promise in reducing fatigue, it was not without significant adverse effects. The study's results do not support the use of repeated courses of ceftriaxone due to these risks.
Researchers have discovered a novel sugar digestion pathway in Pyrococcus furiosus, utilizing non-related enzymes. The organism's unique ability to withstand high temperatures makes its enzymes industrially valuable.
Scientists have found organic compounds in deep space, a discovery that supports the hypothesis of complex organic compounds causing the Unidentified Infrared Bands. The study used a special laser to measure the spectrum of polyaromatic hydrocarbons in deep space.
Researchers have discovered a new standard for selectively targeting malaria-causing parasites, which could lead to breakthroughs in treating other diseases such as HIV, cancer, and Alzheimer's. By understanding how proteins like DHFR are regulated, scientists can develop more effective and non-toxic treatments.
Researchers developed a standardized procedure to obtain oral consent from illiterate populations through audiovisual recording. The method allowed more than half of potential participants to exercise their freedom of refusal, paving the way for increased participation in clinical research.
A combination treatment of Pegasys and ribavirin has shown an unprecedented 61% sustained virologic response rate, the highest ever recorded. The treatment regimen should be based on hepatitis C virus genotype rather than traditional weight-based methodology.
A study of 729 teenagers aged 12-17 found they slept an average of 8.5 hours during the week and 9.5 hours on weekends, with nearly half reporting daytime sleepiness. The later wake times among older teens suggest starting school later may improve attendance and academic performance.
Researchers found that stressed mice exhibited increased diarrhoea responses to egg albumin, while non-stressed mice also showed occasional reactions. The study suggests chronic stress may contribute to food allergies and intestinal diseases like Crohn's disease.
Researchers found that Parkinson's patients who developed dementia had a significantly higher risk of death, regardless of hallucination or depression status. The study also revealed that incident dementia and disease severity were independently associated with an increased risk of mortality.
A recent study by University of Pennsylvania researchers found that a boy's height at age 16 is a significant determinant of his salary as an adult. The study controlled for race, gender, and socio-economic status, and found that taller teenagers earned up to 15% more than shorter counterparts in any given field.
A study found that most prescribing errors were caused by slips in attention or lack of relevant rules application. Hospitals should train junior doctors in drug dosing principles and enforce good documentation practices to reduce errors.
The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health study emphasizes the importance of involving adolescents in their own health promotion. Young people offer a unique perspective and valuable insights that can improve survey design, outcomes, and overall effectiveness.
A study by American Academy of Neurology found that rivastigmine significantly reduced hallucinations and improved cognitive abilities in Parkinson's patients. The medication also showed benefits in reaction times, attention, and caregiver distress.
Researchers at UC Davis and UC Santa Barbara have discovered a link between rapid changes in ocean carbon chemistry during the last ice age and shifts in ocean circulation. The study sheds light on how human-induced global warming may affect ocean currents, weather patterns, and climate worldwide.
The study analyzes office networks of 100 global business service firms to measure connectivity between 316 cities worldwide. Globalization reveals well-connected cities concentrated in North America, Western Europe, and Pacific Asia.
Geologists analyzed rare rock samples from California and Oregon, which contain large amounts of osmium, a key element in the Earth's core. The findings suggest that these rocks came from hotspots at the core-mantle boundary, providing valuable clues to the Earth's core composition.
A retrospective study of 1407 VNS Therapy patients found that reducing antiepileptic medications did not impair seizure control. The study analyzed changes in medication use and seizure rates over one year, with no significant differences between groups.
A study using mice found that mutations in the Lmx1b gene cause a reduction in two proteins necessary for mature podocytes to function properly. This disruption leads to immature podocytes and impaired kidney filtering, increasing the risk of kidney problems associated with nail-patella syndrome.
The Lancet report highlights child prostitution's alarming health consequences, including 2 million STD infections and 1.6 million attempted suicides among 10 million prostituted children worldwide.
Proteins: From Sequence to Structure is the first book in the Primers in Biology series, covering sequence, structure, and functional properties of proteins from a post-genomic focus. The authors, Gregory Petsko and Dagmar Ringe, are authorities in their field and have received high praise for their comprehensive primer.
A new treatment combination of amodiaquine and artesunate has shown high cure rates for uncomplicated malaria in children under 11 years old. The study found that the treatment was more effective than amodiaquine alone, with higher cure rates in Gabon compared to Kenya and Senegal.
Scientists developed a new technique to chronicle protein development, movement and interactions in living cells. The technology uses small binding domains that interact with other compounds, allowing researchers to distinguish old from new proteins and explore dynamics at different resolution levels.
A recent study has found that parental smoking around the time of conception is associated with a reduction in male births. The research suggests that exposure to cigarette smoke may affect sperm cells carrying the Y-chromosome, leading to lower male to female sex ratios. Smoking was found to impact sex ratios even when only the mother...
The Trio language requires precision in translation to convey expectations and avoid misunderstandings. With a complex grammar system, Trio speakers must specify verb forms to indicate whether they witnessed or understood information.
Researchers discovered that a lack of autonomy at work increases the risk of prolonged fatigue by 1.5-2 times. Additionally, men who are overweight or physically inactive experience faster onset of fatigue, while women who are underweight have a threefold increased risk.
The balancing act between COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes plays a crucial role in protecting the heart from cardiovascular disease. The study found that PGI2 production is stimulated as a response to platelet interactions with the vessel wall, limiting the harmful effects of thromboxane.
A study by Emory University researchers found that the atypical antipsychotics quetiapine and clozapine reduced hallucinations in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease. The medication group also showed a lower risk of nursing home placement, suggesting long-term benefits.
The NIMH RAPID grants program funds small projects to yield information helpful in designing large-scale studies on prevention and treatment of mental illnesses resulting from exposure to mass violence. Six supplemental grants have also been awarded to existing studies to gather new information specific to the 9/11 events.
A study by the American Academy of Neurology found that bright light pulses lasting just two to three hours can delay human circadian rhythms. Additionally, disruptions in sleep timing also produce small rhythm delays, affecting the timing of the circadian clock.
Researchers use helium-3 diffusion MRI to detect emphysema changes in the smallest airways of the lung. The technique reveals enlarged air spaces that allow helium atoms to move freely, enabling the visualization of lung structure at a scale too small for traditional imaging methods.
A landmark study suggests that at-home dialysis therapy can be more flexible and manageable than previously thought. The ADEMEX study found that increasing small solute clearances did not impact patient survival rates, and body size, transport status, and other factors had no measurable effect on outcomes.
A new research study identifies a protein called PTP1B that helps overcome leptin resistance, a common issue in obese individuals. The knockout mice lacking PTP1B displayed increased energy expenditure and were resistant to high-fat diets.
A new study shows that VNS Therapy is more effective in treating epilepsy patients when used earlier in their treatment course, resulting in a three-fold improvement in seizure control. The therapy also improves quality of life indicators such as alertness, mood, and verbal communications.
Research reveals that female starlings choose mates with the strongest immune systems, as these males tend to have better singing abilities. The finding supports a decade-old theory that suggests evolution has found a way to prevent male birds from cheating on their reproductive quality.