Researchers found that certain proteasome proteins, Sug1 and Sug2, are involved in gene activation when genes are turned on. This discovery challenges conventional wisdom and could lead to a better understanding of human development and disease causes.
A six-month pilot study found that Ginkgo biloba improved performance on neuropsychological tests in patients with mild multiple sclerosis. About 50% of Americans with MS experience cognitive problems, and the herb may show a beneficial effect on attention, memory, and functioning.
Researchers measured unusually high biochemical activity on the canyon floor, with organic material enriching the deep-sea area. The sediment accumulates rapidly, leading to unstable floors and submarine mud avalanches every several decades to centuries.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in photon entanglement, attosecond camera technology, and molecular conductivity. Maximally entangled photons can be used for quantum teleportation, while the attosecond camera allows for the observation of electron dynamics within atoms. Additionally, a team has demonstrated controlled s...
The UMass microbiology team found that Geobacter metallireducens has a built-in sensor to locate metals and can grow flagella to swim towards them. The bacteria use these strategies to survive in natural environments, and their genome revealed genes for flagella growth, allowing them to transform metal into an insoluble form.
A study of 32 patients with advanced Parkinson's disease found that fetal cell transplants improved symptoms, with the effects being directly proportional to the results experienced prior to transplant. The transplants also showed a significant improvement in dopamine activity in the brain, which stabilized over time.
A new statistical approach reveals primates originated 85 million years ago, rather than 65 million, due to gaps in the fossil record. This challenges traditional methods of interpreting fossils and constructing evolutionary trees, including the human lineage.
Researchers found that mitoxantrone induction therapy significantly reduced disease activity in MS patients, with a 76% relapse-free rate at one year and 64% at four years. The annual relapse rate decreased by nearly 90% following treatment.
A Phase I trial has shown that retinal cell implantation can improve motor function in advanced Parkinson's disease patients by nearly 50 percent, according to researchers at Emory University. The implanted cells provide a source of increased dopamine production, helping to alleviate symptoms such as tremors and stiffness.
Researchers at Emory University Health Sciences Center have found a potential link between low testosterone levels and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease in men. Testosterone replacement therapy showed significant improvement in patients with refractory symptoms, including fatigue, depression, anxiety, and decreased libido.
The American Physiological Society hosts a series of briefings on the physiology and pathophysiology of obesity, featuring renowned experts who examine gene-environment interactions, neurobiology, endocrine/metabolic consequences, and cardiovascular regulation. The conference aims to advance understanding of human health and disease.
A Max-Planck doctoral student has discovered a new insect order, Mantophasmatodea, which is composed of insects that appear to be a mixture between a stick insect and a praying mantis. The discovery was made in Namibia and consists of several animals that could not be allocated to any known insect order.
Researchers found that some bird species experience population increases when nesting in fragmented landscapes due to the availability of suitable habitats. The study revealed that regional landscape patterns play a significant role in determining population trends among forest-nesting birds.
Researchers used paleoenvironmental techniques to study West Coast salmon populations over 2000 years, finding low population numbers in ancient periods solely due to natural fluctuations. Climatic change is the primary cause for past fluctuations, while humans have contributed to decline, particularly in southern range.
A recent study found that Europeans are largely unaware of the genetic modifications in their food products, despite high levels of opposition to GMOs. Consumers tend to bid lower prices for genetically modified foods only when they perceive a significant difference in taste or quality.
A survey of 1,086 people found that less than half could correctly define a stroke, with many unaware of treatment options or the importance of administering therapy within three hours. The American Academy of Neurology recommends structured education on stroke prevention and symptoms for those at high risk
Apoptosis, a programmed cell death mechanism, has been linked to herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE), a devastating brain infection. The study found that apoptotic cells were present in HSE patients and correlated with active infection and tissue injury.
The discovery of a new insect order, Mantophasmatodea, brings the total number of orders to 31. The species, resembling a mix between a stick insect and a preying mantis, was found in Namibia's Brandberg Mountain, which may have preserved its unique habitat for millions of years.
A team of microbiologists has found that the bacterium Geobacter metallireducens can locate and home in on its metal food source using a built-in sensor. The bacteria can also grow flagella to swim towards the metal, allowing it to thrive in environments where other microorganisms cannot.
Researchers found celecoxib induces cell death without blocking COX-2 enzyme. Alternate mechanism involves decreased phosphorylation of Akt and ERK2 proteins. Newer generations of COX-2 inhibitors may be safer and more effective for colon cancer treatment.
A new study reveals that even after three years of steady work, former welfare recipients still struggle to earn a family-supporting income. The 'Moving Up is a Steep Climb' study found better-paying and more stable jobs allow parents to spend more time with their children.
A new study shows that problem-solving skills training can help mothers of children with serious illness reduce their emotional distress and improve their well-being. The training also boosts their sense of well-being, increasing positive rational thinking and constructive behaviors.
The National Cancer Institute has awarded a $13 million grant to Vanderbilt University Medical Center to support research into molecular targets for colorectal cancer. The five-year project will focus on translational research using various molecular targets for prevention and therapy, with the goal of improving patient outcomes.
Researchers found that women treated with tamoxifen or estrogen had lower levels of myo-inositol in the brain compared to untreated women. The study suggests that both hormones may be neuroprotective and have favorable effects on aging, but further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
A retrospective review of studies on psychological interventions found no direct impact on seizures or quality of life among patients with epilepsy. However, some promising indications were noted regarding reduced anxiety and improved medication compliance.
Researchers found that ropinirole slowed the loss of dopamine function in early stages of Parkinson's disease by over 30 percent compared to levodopa. The REAL-PET study used positron emission tomography (PET) brain imaging and showed significant slowing of dopamine loss, which could lead to a better quality of life for patients.
A Johns Hopkins-led study found that angioplasty reduced the combined incidence of death, repeat heart attacks, or strokes by 40% compared to clot-busting drugs. Patients treated with angioplasty had a shorter hospital stay and lower event rates at follow-up.
Researchers found that statin use was associated with a 79% reduced risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, regardless of ethnicity or apoE gene variant. The study also showed no difference between natural and synthetic statins in reducing the risk.
A new study suggests that routine overnight EEG monitoring is unwarranted for autistic children, as the incidence of Landau-Kleffner syndrome is miniscule. The study found that only a small percentage of patients with autism spectrum disorder exhibit abnormal EEGs during sleep.
A study found that green tea extract polyphenol can block the uptake of dopamine, providing a potential protective mechanism against Parkinson's disease. The results suggest that polyphenol can inhibit the uptake of dopamine or neurotoxin MPP+ by blocking dopamine transporter.
A new family of chloride ion channels has been identified in humans, which causes hereditary eye disorders. The discovery was made by a team of researchers at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and found at least three other members of this channel family in humans, four in fruit flies, and 24 in the worm Caenorhabditis elegans.
Researchers found different weather patterns linked to specific stroke sub-types, with warmer seasons reducing ischemic strokes from large arteries. Additionally, temperature drops five days prior and higher air pressure and humidity increased overall strokes and those caused by blockage of large arteries in the brain or heart.
A new study suggests that tamoxifen and estrogen may have comparable effects on the brain, with lower levels of myo-inositol found in both groups. This finding challenges previous assumptions about tamoxifen's impact on cognitive function and presents a promising direction for breast cancer risk reduction.
A new autologous stem cell transplantation treatment has shown promising results in stabilizing the disability of 26 people with severe multiple sclerosis. The study found that 20 patients remained stable, while six showed mild improvement, with only three experiencing new brain lesions at one year after the transplant.
A study led by Kenneth Marek found that pramipexole slows dopaminergic neuronal degeneration compared to levodopa in early Parkinson's patients. Most patients will be treated with both medications, and further research is needed to assess the clinical impact of these findings.
A new study has found that women with the highest levels of sex hormones are at roughly twice the risk of developing breast cancer compared to those with lower levels. Additionally, researchers have discovered a potential therapy for glioblastomas using a fusion protein that shows little toxicity. Reproductive hormones have also been l...
Researchers found that measles triggers intense immune system activation, temporarily suppressing HIV levels in children. The study suggests a potential clue to understanding HIV pathogenesis and immunity.
The new HP supercomputer will have an expected total peak performance of over 8.3 teraflops, 8,300 times faster than a current personal computer. Scientists will use it to study complex chemical problems in areas like life sciences and environmental research.
A study presented at the American Academy of Neurology's annual meeting found that cortical spreading depression, a brain event linked to migraines, affects specific genes. Researchers identified two peptides influencing blood vessel activity and pain control, which may be related to menstrual migraine attacks.
A new study suggests that testosterone may play a protective role against stroke in men, while estrogen levels are not linked to stroke risk. The study followed 6,732 individuals over five to eight years and compared serum levels of testosterone and estrogen between men who experienced strokes and those who remained healthy.
A new ozone-monitoring technology, NEXLASER, is being developed to improve smog forecasting by providing continuous and affordable data in real-time. This innovation uses light detection and ranging (LIDAR) technology to track ozone concentration, enabling researchers to better understand sources and sinks of air pollutants.
Hopkins researchers identified a nine-fold increase in expression of the AMACR gene in prostate cancers, making it a promising early marker and potential drug target. Overexpression patterns were also found in precancerous lesions, highlighting the gene's potential for non-invasive detection and prevention.
A researcher has found a key genetic change that separates the spineless from the backboned, revealing how an old gene gave birth to new ones. The study sheds light on the evolution of developmental programs in animals, including the adaptation of T-box genes in humans and other species.
A massive weather study is underway in Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas, using six aircraft and 30 ground sensors to track water vapor and predict heavy rain. The IHOP2002 project aims to improve forecasts from 1 to 12 hours ahead of heavy rain, which could help in flash-flood safety and other applications.
A new study confirms that global warming is affecting Earth's species worldwide, causing disruptions to animals and plants. The research found that even small changes in temperature have significant effects on ecosystems, leading to species migration, breeding, and population shifts.
Researchers identified four patients with involuntary movement disorders (IMDs) after being struck by lightning, sparking further study to elucidate the role of lightning strikes in IMDs and identify potential treatment options. The American Academy of Neurology is dedicated to improving patient care through education and research.
Postmenopausal women with higher serum concentrations of estrogen and testosterone have twice the risk of developing breast cancer as those with lower levels. This is according to an international study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
A study published by Case Western Reserve University found that prenatal cocaine exposure affects child cognitive development, but not motor development. Tobacco exposure had negative effects on motor development in infants. The study controlled for various factors and used standardized assessments to determine developmental outcomes.
A population-based study found that waist-to-hip ratio was a stronger predictor of stroke risk than body mass index (BMI), especially among normal and overweight individuals. The study recommends incorporating education about waist-to-hip ratio into stroke prevention programs.
Researchers identified three barriers to adequate dialysis: inadequate prescriptions, catheter use, and shortened treatment time. Interventions addressed these barriers, resulting in higher quality treatment and improved patient outcomes. The study aims to re-examine the federal reimbursement system to encourage high-quality care.
The study found that a critical balance exists between T helper cells and regulatory T cells in preventing autoimmunity. Regulatory T cells can suppress the development of autoimmunity in lupus-prone mice, suggesting a potential new approach to treating autoimmune disorders.
Scientists discover ozone reduces common spoilage bacteria in seafood processing facilities, extending shelf life. Researchers also study hurricane-resistant retrofits on damaged houses to reduce storm damage.
A study found that individuals carrying a high-output version of the dynorphin gene are less susceptible to cocaine dependence. The genetic association suggests a possible neurobiological function for this particular variant, which may modulate cocaine's effects and increase protection against addiction.
Changes in agricultural practices have led to improved water conditions on Lake Erie, with phosphorus levels from fertilizers decreasing by over 50% for all seasons. Climate change also played a role, increasing nitrogen levels by up to 500% due to winter runoff and soil leaching.
Two new studies published in Annals of Internal Medicine shed light on diabetes diagnosis and management. A mathematical model predicts type 2 diabetes with high accuracy, while a report card reveals significant gaps in diabetes care. Additionally, experts emphasize the importance of preventive methods to address partner violence.
Researchers create custom-built antimicrobial agents using polymers and oligomers inspired by natural defense peptides. The new approach focuses on overall shape rather than specific chemistry, offering a novel solution for combating bacterial infections.
Scientists at the University of Warwick have created a large synthetic molecule that binds to the major groove of DNA, causing it to coil up and resembling how chromosomes package DNA. This breakthrough could enable precise control over gene expression and improve treatments for diseases by delivering drugs directly to specific cells.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have developed a new type of epoxy that is three times harder and conducts heat significantly better than regular epoxy. The addition of carbon nanotubes to the adhesive yields enhanced thermal conductivity and mechanical strength.
Research on Dublin, Chicago and Los Angeles finds tax breaks stimulate property-based renewal and encourage new markets. However, blunt incentives can lead to displacement, while effective planning frameworks are crucial for success.
The Lancet Neurology aims to report the most important advances in neurology, predicting risk of neurological conditions through genetics and imaging. Experimental therapies like gene therapy and stem cells offer potential for treating neurological disorders.