Researchers have developed a new microscope technology to study the interaction between biomolecules and minerals. The study focuses on Azotobacter vinelandii, a bacterium that releases siderophores to acquire iron from minerals. The findings suggest that these molecules can also dissolve minerals and potentially remove toxic metals, l...
The ACP Annals Tip Sheet discusses growth hormone deficiency treatment, exercise counseling effectiveness, and West Nile virus prevention strategies. The USPSTF found mixed evidence on exercise counseling's impact on patient activity, while recommending public mosquito control programs for virus prevention.
The grant will double Cornell's high-performance computing capacity, making it available for business applications and research. CTC will offer consulting services and training on parallel computing and Windows-based technologies to help businesses and institutions expand their computing environment.
The Molecular Sciences Institute (MSI) has been awarded a $15.5 million grant from the National Human Genome Research Institute to develop computer models of cellular signaling, aiming to predict intra-cellular signaling and enable more precise targeted treatments for diseases.
The CEGS program supports interdisciplinary research in genomics and its applications in understanding human biology and disease. Two new grants will focus on vertebrate diversity and cell signaling, potentially leading to major insights into genome changes that underlie evolution and human biology.
Research reveals that people with low self-esteem are significantly less likely to select a comedy video or engage in activities to improve their mood compared to those with high self-esteem. This is attributed to feelings of resignation and sadness, leading to a lack of motivation to change their emotions.
Researchers have developed a new DNA testing method using water-soluble conjugated polymers and peptide nucleic acid probes, which can detect specific DNA sequences at much lower concentrations. This approach significantly reduces the cost of diagnostics, especially in poorer countries where access to treatment is limited.
A new endovascular prosthesis has demonstrated promising results in treating life-threatening conditions such as thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections. The treatment has shown decreased morbidity and mortality rates, making it available to patients who are not suitable for conventional surgical repair.
A recent study found that the suicide attempt rate is high among urban gay men, with younger generations experiencing earlier attempts. Researchers attribute this trend to increased anti-gay harassment and lack of social support among young LGBTQ+ individuals.
Rice Terascale Cluster will be the first university computer in Texas with a peak performance of 1 teraflop, enabling complex mathematical simulations for drug designers and biomedical researchers. The cluster will tackle increasingly complex problems in fields like bioinformatics, physics, and computer science.
Researchers have identified a mouse model to investigate triggers of episodic neurological disorders, including common migraine and periodic paralysis. Two drugs, nimodipine and MK801, have been found to prevent attacks in mice, providing a potential new approach to understanding and treating these conditions.
The American Thoracic Society's first issue for August 2002 discusses significant reductions in fatal cardiovascular disease among smokers who quit, with a 50-70% higher hazard rate compared to non-smokers. Additionally, the study reveals improved HIV survival rates, with a marked increase in patients receiving HAART and surviving to h...
Researchers mapped the 11q13 amplicon, a common genetic defect in oral and head and neck cancers. A new gene, TAOS1, was identified as overexpressed in cell lines with 11q13 amplification, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis.
A new drug has been developed to combat botulism by potently neutralizing the toxin. The antibody cocktail is capable of binding to a different part of the toxin molecule, blocking more of the toxin surface than single antibodies. This approach could be scaled up for mass production and stockpiling to prevent or treat botulism.
A new model predicts that an animal's body size determines how often it encounters food in its environment. The researchers found that larger animals have bigger home ranges due to their ability to perceive and average over different scales of resource availability.
Red pine groves in the Boundary Water Canoe Area may vanish due to lack of natural fires. A new model suggests that continued fire suppression would lead to the loss of red pines and other tree species within 300 years.
Grasshoppers are drawn to plants with mycorrhizal symbiosis due to their increased nutrient content and tolerance to grazing. The study, conducted by Kansas State University researchers, found that grasshoppers avoid plants without this beneficial relationship, suggesting a crucial role for fungi in ecosystem health.
Researchers develop heat-sensitive polymers that change color at various temperatures, providing a safety application to prevent burns, food poisoning, and accidents. The polymers can be added to products such as plastics, paints, inks, and rubbers, enabling smart packaging that warns consumers of potential hazards.
A new study found that 18F-FDG PET scans accurately predict lymphoma treatment outcomes, especially after one cycle of chemotherapy. The test's sensitivity was higher after the first cycle, making it a better predictor of outcome and response to therapy.
Researchers created mice lacking SHIP gene to understand how bone forms and breaks down in diseases like JPD. The study reveals that mice with deficient SHIP develop osteoclasts similar to those found in humans with JPD, leading to severely osteoporotic conditions.
A physical map of the mouse genome provides detailed organization and context to the draft sequence, aiding in gene discovery and understanding health and disease. This mapping effort also enables researchers to access specific regions of DNA for further study.
The Karnal bunt pathogen faces challenges in reproducing over long distances, leading to declining small populations instead of growth. Researchers found that a critical mass is needed for the population to function well and invade new areas.
Researchers at Michigan Medicine have discovered a new predictive marker, HIP1, associated with an increased risk of developing prostate and colon cancer. HIP1 levels were found to rise significantly in tumor cells, making it a potential target for therapy.
Researchers discovered that damaged brains can reorganize and compensate for damage by engaging new systems to perform memory tasks. This finding has implications for the treatment of traumatic brain injuries, highlighting the potential benefits of brain imaging studies in tracking changes and understanding recovery.
A new Gulf buoy network is being developed to detect harmful algal blooms, also known as red tides, which can cause fish kills and human illnesses. The system uses FlowCAM technology, which will provide continuous monitoring of water column images, allowing for early warning and prediction of deadly red tides.
Researchers Aviv Bergman and Mark Siegal found that complexity of genotypes, rather than natural selection, provides fidelity in development. They argue that functional genetic networks with enough complexity exhibit built-in property of fidelity, unaffected by environmental disturbances or natural selection.
Researchers David Merritt and Ron Ekers developed a mathematical model suggesting that supermassive black holes merge when their host galaxies collide. The model demonstrates the realignment of larger black holes, resulting in sudden changes in jet direction, which can be observed as X-shaped patterns in galaxy images.
A recent brain mapping experiment provides significant new support for the theory that attention is the glue that cements visual information together, helping to solve the 'binding problem' in neuroscience. The study found increased activity in the parietal region when individuals were presented with multiple objects at once.
A UCLA study found that treating more people in developing countries with antiretroviral drug therapy can eliminate HIV on a community level, even without eradicating it in individuals. The research suggests that treatment and prevention are not two separate approaches, but rather intertwined strategies to save lives.
Researchers have discovered a gene associated with both macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa, two eye diseases affecting different segments of vision. The RPGR gene is linked to early-onset macular degeneration primarily affecting males.
A genetic variation in monoamine oxidase A (MAO A) enzyme may protect maltreated children against antisocial behavior, with a ninefold increased risk of aggression in those with low enzyme activity. In contrast, higher MAO A levels were associated with trauma resistance and reduced behavior problems.
A study by University of Minnesota researchers found that morphine activates the MAPK signaling pathway in human endothelial cells, promoting angiogenesis and tumor growth. The findings could lead to new treatments for managing cancer pain while minimizing tumor growth.
A team of scientists from Smithsonian and other institutions sequenced bird genetic material found in the 1917 collection, comparing it with the 1918 pandemic virus HA gene sequence. The comparison suggests that the pandemic viral HA gene was not derived directly from an avian source.
Diet-induced thermogenesis is an intricate system of communications masterminded by the brain that produces heat and helps prevent obesity. By removing beta adrenergic receptors, researchers found that mice fed a high-fat diet grew massively obese, highlighting the importance of this pathway in preventing weight gain.
Researchers identified a significant link between a specific gene variant and increased risk of antisocial behavior in maltreated children. The study found that individuals with a certain variation of the MAOA gene were more likely to develop behavioral problems, comparable to major risk factors for heart disease.
Researchers found that tirofiban and abciximab were equally effective in preventing longer-term events such as death, heart attacks, and repeat surgery after coronary-artery angioplasty. The study's conclusion was that while abciximab is more expensive, it provides little long-term advantage compared to tirofiban.
A year-long evaluation of hybrid buses in NYC's fleet found a 10% higher in-service fuel economy and 36% lower oxides of nitrogen emissions. However, maintenance costs were significantly higher due to the maturity level of the technology, but are expected to decrease as it advances.
A new genetic screening method has been developed to predict the behaviour of Wilms' tumour in children. Genes on chromosome 1q are overexpressed in tumours that relapse, suggesting that identifying subgroups at presentation could improve treatment outcomes.
Patients with post-stroke dementia are at an increased risk of death within two years, with a relative risk of mortality six-fold compared to those without dementia after stroke. Dementia is also associated with poorer survival rates and reduced treatment adherence due to medication non-compliance.
The Hartford Doctoral Fellows program aims to ensure a pool of trained and skilled geriatric social workers by recruiting, sustaining, and training talented doctoral students. The program is designed to produce tomorrow's social work faculty, with over 600,000 practicing social workers in the US requiring geriatric knowledge.
Researchers are conducting clinical trials to restore sexual desire in menopausal women using an investigational skin patch. Approximately 43% of women experience some form of difficulty in their sexual function, significantly higher than men.
Scientists have discovered a significant upward bulge at the equator and downward bulge at the poles in the Earth's gravity field. The observed changes are counteracting the gravitational effects of post-glacial rebound, leading researchers to investigate potential causes such as climate change or ocean circulation.
A study by the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences found that young tech CEOs are more likely to invest in research and development, while older attorneys tend to be more conservative. The study suggests that CEO characteristics, such as background and tenure, have a significant impact on R&D spending.
Cancer biologists have successfully identified 21 potential cancer genes that collaborate with p27, a protein found in abnormally low levels in lymphomas and breast cancers. The study reveals new insights into the cellular pathways that distinguish one type of cancer from another.
Advanced sensors and communication platforms can monitor complex tropical environments to track elusive animals and study their behavior. Technologies like automated telemetry systems, high-quality sound recordings, and radiotransmitters are being developed to aid conservation efforts in the Amazon basin.
Researchers analyzed biomarker data from over 700 healthy men and 60 rhesus monkeys, finding lower body temperatures, blood insulin levels, and higher DHEAS levels in those on a calorically restricted diet were associated with longer lifespan. The study suggests potential for developing compounds that mimic the benefits of caloric rest...
A new study suggests that a burst of transpositional activity occurred at the same time humans and chimps diverged, implicating retroelements in the emergence of modern humans. The research found that ancient families of HERV elements may retain biological activity over long evolutionary times.
A new study finds that low-carbohydrate, high-protein diets may increase the risk of developing kidney stones and raising bone loss. Researchers observed a significant decrease in urinary citrate levels and an increase in acid excretion in subjects following these diets.
The latest muon g-2 measurement provides a unique and unusually sensitive test of the validity of the general theory of electromagnetism or, equivalently, the Standard Model of particle physics. The result confirms earlier measurements with twice the precision, making this new measurement a much more sensitive test of the Standard Model.
A new program, social problem-solving telephone partnerships (SPTP), uses phone calls to help family caregivers resolve challenges of caring for stroke survivors. The study found that caregivers who received SPTP improved significantly in their depression, emotional well-being, and mental health over four weeks.
A recent study found that dog collars fitted with deltamethrin resulted in a 42% reduction in transmission of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis to children and a 54% drop in infection rates among dogs. This alternative control method is more practical and effective than current methods, such as dog culling and spraying insecticide.
Cornell researchers have found that a longer infusion time of boronophenylalanine is needed to effectively target cancer cells in brain tumors. The new finding has the potential to improve the success of boron neutron capture therapy, which has shown moderate success in treating tumors but struggles with aggressive cell clusters.
A study has identified a significant difference in brain tissue structure between individuals with persistent developmental stuttering and those with normal speech. The abnormality may develop during early language and speech acquisition, explaining how disturbed signal transmission affects speech production.
A new device produced high-energy electron beams to break down harmful organic molecules and kill bacteria such as anthrax, providing a more affordable alternative to existing technology. The Coupled Multiplier Accelerator (CMA) has been licensed for commercial use to treat contaminated water and food.
Researchers from the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry found that the cannabinoid receptor is crucial for erasing fear behavior. In mouse models lacking this receptor, fear behavior evoked by an aversive acoustic sound was significantly reduced compared to normal control mice.